45. The underlined word “burrows” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _____.

　A. holes 　　　B. caves 　　C. rooms 　　　D. openings

C

　 In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition(学会)of each new skill - the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is common that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm(热情) for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

　Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality(准时) for meals. In general, the controls imposed(强加的) represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community(社区) as much as the child’s own happiness.

　As regards the development of moral standards (道德标准))in the growing child, consistency(连贯性) is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

　A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

44. The title for this passage could probably be _____.

　A. Hot Deserts 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B. Desert Animals

　C. How Desert Animals Get Water　　　　　　 D. Ways To Escape the Desert Heat

43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　A. All the desert animals rest during the day.

　B. All the desert animals don’t rest during the day.

　C. Cold-blooded desert animals are out most of the day.

　D. None of the cold-blooded desert animals go out during the day.

42. Which of the following desert animals can get water only from the food?

　A. The camel. 　B. The kangaroo.　 C. The frog. 　D. The rat.

41. Desert animals are usually more active at night because _____.

　A. it is cooler at night　　　 B. it is easier to find water

　C. they like the dark　　　 D. they are less likely to be attacked at night

40. From the passage we can infer that Johnson would be very ____ after he read those people’s letters.

　 A. miserable　 B. glad　 C. surprised　 D. said

B

　Both warm-blooded and cold-blooded desert animals have ways to escape the desert heat. Warm- blooded desert animals, such as rats and mice, rest during the day, often staying in cool underground burrows. At night they search for food. Animals that are out during the day, such as cold-blooded lizards and snakes, are active only for short periods. As their body temperature rises, these reptiles(爬行动物) move into the shade in order to cool down. In the early evening, when the sun grows weaker, the reptiles become more active and begin their search for food again.

　Getting enough water to survive is a major problem for all desert animals. Some desert animals, like desert birds, manage to find water holes. Other desert animals, such as the kangaroo rat and the related jerboa, get water only from the food that they eat. Because these animals eat mainly dry seeds, they must survive on a tiny amount of water.

　Most deserts have only a small number of frogs and toads because these animals must be near water to survive. Yet even these creatures have adapted(适应) to desert conditions. When small amounts of water collect in temporary streams, the desert-living frogs and toads become active. After a rainfall, they lay their eggs. The eggs grow into tadpoles in a few days and into adults in just four weeks. When the puddles(水坑) dry up, the adult frogs or toads dig into the ground. Their metabolism(新陈代谢) slows, and they stay beneath the ground until the next rain, which may be as good as a year away. Until then, their bodily activities continue at a reduced rate.

　The camel - often called the ship of the desert - is one of the most successful desert animals. Camels can go for long periods without water, but eventually they must drink. When water becomes available to them after a long drought, they may drink 95 liters of water or more. When water is not available, what helps camels survive the desert heat is the fat stored in their humps(驼峰). A camel’s hump contains about 12 kilograms of fat. Fat is rich in hydrogen. As the fat is digested, hydrogen from the fat combines with oxygen in the air that the camel breathes. The result is H2O, or water. Each kilogram of fat that a camel digests produces about a liter of water.

39. When Johnson said he had an injection in his neck each evening, he really meant that ____

　 A. he liked drinking a glass of whisky in the evening

　 B. he needed an injection in the neck

　 C. a daily injecting in the evening would make him sleep well

　 D. there was something wrong with his neck

38. Many people wrote to Johnson probably to find out ____.

　 A. what kind of whisky he drank

　 B. how to live alone

　 C. how to become wealthy

　 D. in which part of the neck he had an injection each day

37. The gift of money to the school suggests that Johnson ____.

　 A. had no children　 B. was a strange man　 C. was very warm-hearted and fond of children

　 D. wanted people to know how rich he was

36. Johnson became a rich man through _____.

　 A. doing business　　 B. making whisky　 C. cheating　 D. buying and selling land