58. A person ___ is more likely to become a genius.

　 A. whose parents are clever

　 B. often thinking about difficult problem

　 C. often helped by his parents and teachers

　 D. born with a good brain and putting it to active use

57. The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean ___ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ___.

　 A. bright and splendid…slow in thinking and understanding

　 B. pretty and handsome…ordinary-looking

　 C. great and important…common

　 D. hopeful and helpful…careless

56. Now a husband probably ___.

　 A. plays a greater part in looking after the children

　 B. helps his wife by doing most of the housework

　 C. feels dissatisfied with his part in the family

　 D. takes a part-time job so that he can help in the home

E

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old question and the answers to them are still not clear.

We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.

Parents should also be careful what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive (helpful) things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”

55. According to the passage, it is now quite usual for women to ___.

　 A. stay at home after leaving school

　 B. marry men younger than themselves

　 C. start working later in life

　 D. marry while still at school

54. Many girls are now likely to ___.

　 A. give up their jobs for good after they are married

　 B. leave school as soon as they can

　 C. marry so that they can get a job

　 D. continue working until they are going to have a baby.

53. One reason why the woman of today may take a job is that she ___.

　 A. is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselves

　 B. does not like children herself

　 C. needn’t worry about food for her children

　 D. can be free from family duties when she reaches sixty

52. We are told that in a family about 1900 ___.

　 A. few children died before they were five

　 B. seven or eight children lived to be more than five

　 C. the youngest child would be fifteen

　 D. four or five children died when they were five

51. In the passage, the writer tells us ___.

　 A. to make enough water

　 B. to pay more attention to the water shortage problem

　 C. to pipe used water to be a purifying plant

　 D. to reuse the water

D

During the twentieth century there has been a great change in the lives of woman. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century probably has been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five year and is likely to take paid work until sixty.

This is an important change in women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-learning age is sixteen; many girls stay at school after that age, and though women marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life.

50. In order to have enough water, we should also make use of ___.

　 A. icebergs and glaciers　　　　　　 B. sea water

　 C. rivers and lakes　　　　　　　　　 D. underground water

49. To reuse water, we should ___.

　 A. treat it with chemicals

　 B. use it only once

　 C. send it out into a sewer system

　 D. make it flow into underground tanks