题目列表(包括答案和解析)

 0  319362  319370  319376  319380  319386  319388  319392  319398  319400  319406  319412  319416  319418  319422  319428  319430  319436  319440  319442  319446  319448  319452  319454  319456  319457  319458  319460  319461  319462  319464  319466  319470  319472  319476  319478  319482  319488  319490  319496  319500  319502  319506  319512  319518  319520  319526  319530  319532  319538  319542  319548  319556  447348 

4.   根据同义、近义、并列、替代、说明等关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。

例如:(05 江苏卷E段)William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(纱线),good and ill together.”

The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means   .

         A.simple    B.mixed    C.sad   D.happy

句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了 a mingled yarn的意义,据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是:“混合的,交织的”,答案是:B。

(04 湖北卷C段)Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers.

根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系,我们很容易推断出:Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心。

试题详情

3.   根据因果关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中,若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。

例如:(05上海卷B段)I feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”

The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “    ”.

    A.full of respect                    B.too confident and rude

    C.lacking in experience               D.too shy and quiet

根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容(“既然你是我的上司”),我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是:“冒失的,放肆的”意思,后半句的意思是:我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为:B。

(05江西卷D段)Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves.

根据原因状语从句的内容,我们可以判断Pruning的意思是:“修剪(树枝等)”的意思。

试题详情

2.   根据比较关系猜测词义

同对比关系相反,比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有:similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。

例如:Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.

该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系,其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是“健谈的”。

试题详情

根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指应用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系,然后根据逻辑联系推断生词词义或大致义域。

1.   根据对比关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中,有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述,我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有:unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。 表示对比关系的句子结构:while 引导的并列句。

例如:(NMET 2002 E篇)A child’s birthday party doesn’t  have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.

What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean?

A.   a party designed by specialists

B.    a plan requiring careful thought

C.    a situation causing difficulty or trouble

D.   a demand made by guests

     根据对比关系,这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义,很容易判断理解题的答案为C。

试题详情

2.  根据举例猜测词义

恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。

例如:(04 辽宁卷C段)The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.

根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子,我们应该能推断出句中的issue 是指“议题”。

试题详情

针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体,所使用的语言通俗易懂,利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。

1.   根据定义(definition)猜测词义

     如果生词有一个句子或段落来定义,那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。

定义常用的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。

例如:(05 湖北卷A段)Do you know what a “territory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims(声称)as its own.

由定义可推知,这里territory指的是:“动物的地盘”。

(04 浙江卷B段)Green building means “reducing the impact (影响) of the building on the land”.

由定义我们可以推断这里 Green building 指的是什么。

试题详情

44.What does the writer learn from his experience?

    A.Wealth is more important than anything else.

    B.Helping others is easier said than done.                 

    C.Experience is better gained through practice.

    D.Obeying the rules means more than compassion.

试题详情

43.The writer acted upon the store rules because ______.

    A.he wanted to keep his present job     

    B.he felt no pity for the old gentleman

    C.he considered the old man dishonest   

    D.he expected someone else to pay for the old man

试题详情

42.Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?

    A.kind and lucky                   B.poor and lonely

    C.friendly and helpful               D.hurt and disappointed

试题详情


同步练习册答案