46. The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means　　　　 .

A. rooted in the minds　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. found in the grains

C. planted for food　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. prepared with grain

45.The author lists 13 values in his booklet to　　　　　 .

A .invite foreigners to visit America

B. look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors

C. describe the confusing actions of most Americans

D. help international visitors understand Americans

44. An ordinary American can’t tell you his / her value system because　　　　　 .

A. this is something an American lives by

B. everyone will have his/her own system

C. he/she has never thought about it

D. values are something often in their thought

43. Which of the following is not directly mentioned?

A. A living thing may adapt in its structure.

B. An organism may adapt in its function.

C. A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.

D. A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.

C

Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.

Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States. This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors, I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most(but not all )Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.

It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions -actions which might otherwise appear “strange,”“ confusing,” or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective(aspect)of the foreigner's own society and its values.

The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter(meet)an action, or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.

42. It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird are colored　　　　 .

A. to frightened its enemies.　　　　　　　 B. to attract its enemies

C. to adjust its body heat　　　　　　 D. to match its environment

41. In the first paragraph, the word "environments" could best be replaced by　　　　 .

A. contexts　　　　 B. surroundings　　　　　　 C. neighbors　　　　 D. enemies

40. Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may　　　　 .

A. help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed

B. survive even in extremely severe conditions

C. become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind

D. result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms

39. It can be concluded from the passage that in the used car market,　　　　 .

A. used cars are generally cheap　　　　　 B. used cars are actually expensive

C. used cars are actually brand new

D. car buyers are willing to pay a high price for a used car

B

Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them deal with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the gradual development of more and more organisms(small living things)that are better fitted to their environments.

Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class(kind ). A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals(无机化学物). It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.

Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.

Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather.　 Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.

38. “Lemon” in this passage refers to　　　　 .

A. a kind of fruit　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. a kind of new car

C. a kind of expensive and high-quality car　　　 D. a product of inferior quality(劣质)

37. The passage indicates that sometimes when you find a product of an unexpectedly low price,

A. you are very happy　　　　　　　　　 B. you are rather suspicious

C. you feel uneasy　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. you are filled with happiness as well as surprise