语音知识

1.hear

  　A. nearly       B. search        C. bear          D. heart 

2.change

  　A. machine     B. headache     C. technique      D. research  

3.surprise

  　A. police       B. apologise     C. bridge         D. children 

4.safely 

  　A. base        B. season       C. Asia           D. usually

5.museum

A. subject      B. true         C. huge          D. busy

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Lots of teenagers are trying to enter a university by coping stories and phrases from the internet to fill out their personal statements in Britain. Personal statements are used to show what can make applicants （申请）different as they outline their interests and reasons for studying a particular course. But it seems that some ideas and words are alike, even the same, thanks to an internet site designed to help those who don’t know what to write about themselves. A study found that nearly 800 applications had personal statements containing phrases taken from three online examples. The study, which involved examining 50,000 personal statements, found that 5% used the material from the internet, most from one free website. Borrowed material was most likely to appear at the end of a statement or where the applicant described the reasons for wanting to study a subject. Almost all applications are now completed online, but the new evidence of Internet temptation（诱惑）follow concern that teenagers are cutting and pasting material for A-level coursework(课程作业). A spokesman said later that he and his partners were looking for ways examine whether people appeared to be copying material.
[写作内容]
　　1．以约30个词概括短文的要点；
　　2．以约120个词表达你对校园中出现作弊现象的看法，并包括如下要点：
　　（1）分析某些学生作弊的原因；
（2）指出作弊引起的不良后果；
（3）号召学生们杜绝作弊现象的发生。
[写作要求]
1.          在作文中可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用阅读材料中的句子。
2.          作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校的名称。
[评分标准]
　　概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
（请考生在答题卷上作答。）

　Francis Bacon, one of the most important philosophers(哲人) of England, was born in London and educated at Cambridge University. When he was only 15, he went to France to work for the English ambassador (大使) . Two years later he went back to England to study law. At the age of twenty-three he was chosen to parliament (议会). His ideas about how scientists should study things in nature help to bring the modern way of thinking, called the scientific method.

　　One of the Bacon’s best-known books was his Essays. Each essay was a short piece of writing in which he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends and healthy living. In many of his books, Bacon explained how scientists should study things as they really existed in nature and then tried to figure out what caused a particular thing to be as it was. Later, by doing experiments, the scientist could see that any one cause would always have the same result. This method, which is called inductive reasoning, is used by all the scientists today, but it was new in Bacon’s time.

5. According to the passage we know that ____.

　 A. Francis Bacon was the most important philosopher of England

　 B. Francis Bacon had good education

　C. Francis Bacon worked for a French ambassador at the age of 15

　　D. Francis Bacon stayed in France until he was 23

6. The underlined phrase “inductive reasoning” in the last paragraph means____.

　　A. to discover general laws from particular facts or examples

　　B. to reach a conclusion by reasoning from general laws to a particular case

　　C. to study things as they used to be

　　D. to study things in a particular way

7. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. Bacon was a learned man.

　　B. Bacon did a lot of philosophy.

　　C. The inductive reasoning was widely used both today and in Bacon’s time.

　　D. Bacon gave scientists much useful advice.

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another  is  the  rise  of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was  indirect  and  cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.

　 The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.

　 Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.

　　However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.

For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research outside reading and all-day trips.

　　Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions  on  which  children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.

1.. The passage mainly tells us _____.

     A. attitudes affect our actions

     B. teachers play an important role in developing children’s attitudes

     C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

     D. teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes

2.. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.

     A. show that attitudes come from experiences        B. compare with each other

     C. show all experiences are direct and impressive     D. tell experiences from attitudes

3..When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.

     A. change their feelings by scolding them         B. think highly of their good attitudes

     C. help them by giving them good experiences     D. take no notice of their feelings

4..The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.

     A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones

     B. what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home

     C. teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children

     D. teachers should always cover up their own attitudes

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Lots of teenagers are trying to enter a university by coping stories and phrases from the internet to fill out their personal statements in Britain. Personal statements are used to show what can make applicants （申请）different as they outline their interests and reasons for studying a particular course. But it seems that some ideas and words are alike, even the same, thanks to an internet site designed to help those who don’t know what to write about themselves. A study found that nearly 800 applications had personal statements containing phrases taken from three online examples. The study, which involved examining 50,000 personal statements, found that 5% used the material from the internet, most from one free website. Borrowed material was most likely to appear at the end of a statement or where the applicant described the reasons for wanting to study a subject. Almost all applications are now completed online, but the new evidence of Internet temptation（诱惑）follow concern that teenagers are cutting and pasting material for A-level coursework(课程作业). A spokesman said later that he and his partners were looking for ways examine whether people appeared to be copying material.

[写作内容]

　　1．以约30个词概括短文的要点；

　　2．以约120个词表达你对校园中出现作弊现象的看法，并包括如下要点：

　　（1）分析某些学生作弊的原因；

（2）指出作弊引起的不良后果；

（3）号召学生们杜绝作弊现象的发生。

[写作要求]

在作文中可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用阅读材料中的句子。

作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校的名称。

[评分标准]

　　概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

（请考生在答题卷上作答。）