Bringing Art into Hospitals

The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play an important role in helping patients to get better.

As part of nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museums and into public places,　some of the country’s best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2500 national health service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have very valuable collections of present art in passages, waiting areas and treatment rooms.

These recent movements first started by one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s.He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society,　and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience(观众).

A common hospital waiting room might have as many as 5 000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art!　Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out—patient’s waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975.Believed to be Britain’s first hospital artist. Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.

The effect is striking. Now in the passages and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colours, playful images(形象)and restful courtyards.

The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto gardens needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.

1. Some best artists of Britain have been called in to__________.

A．set up new hospitals

B．make the corners of the hospital collect paintings

C．bring art into hospitals

D．help patients recover from serious illnesses

2.After the improvement of the hospital environment,__________.

A．patients no longer take drugs to kill their pains

B．patients don’t have to stay long in hospital

C．patients need fewer pain killers when they suffer from an illness

D．patients feel happy in hospital

3.It can inferred from the passage that__________.

A．the role of hospital environment is important.

B．hospital artists have done more than doctors

C．exhibitions attract more audience in hospitals than in museums

D．the hospital is a better place for people.

 

When Mr. David retired（退休）,he bought a small house in a village near the sea. He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.
But to his great surprise, many tourists came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village. From morning to night there were tourists outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr. David’s garden. This was too much for Mr. David. He decided to drive the visitors away. So he put a notice on the window. The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity（好奇心）, came in and look round. Price: twenty dollars.” Mr. David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. More and more visitors came and Mr. David had to spend every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work as a guide（导游）.” he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moved away.
【小题1】Mr. David’s house was              that many tourists came to see it.

A．so small

B．so quiet

C．so interesting

D．such interesting

【小题2】Mr. David put a notice on the window in order                   .

A．to drive the visitors away

B．to satisfy the visitor’s curiosity

C．to let visitors come in and look round

D．to get some money out of the visitors

【小题3】The notice made the visitors                 .

A．more interested in his house

B．lost interest in his house

C．angry at the unfair price

D．feel happy about the price

【小题4】After Mr. David put up the notice ,                          .

A．the visitors didn’t come any longer

B．fewer and fewer visitors came to see his house

C．more and more tourists came for a visit

D．no tourist would pay the money for a visit

When Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a copper smelter（炼铜厂），and the chemicals that poured out had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest．One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area．Paul knocked him down．From then on, something happened inside him.

Years later Paul was back in the area, and he went to the smelter office．He asked if they had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back．The answer from that big industry was “No”.

Paul then went to college to study the science of plants．Unfortunately, his teachers said there weren't any birds or squirrels to spread the seeds．It would be a waste of his life to try to do it．Everyone knew that, he was told．Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted．

Paul later got married and had some kids．But his dream would not die．And then one night he did what he could with what he had．As Samuel Johnson wrote, “It is common to overlook what is near by keeping the eye fixed on something remote．Attainable good is often ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.

And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass．For fifteen years he did this against the plain common sense．Slowly rabbits appeared．Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.

Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and bushes, and Paul has received almost every environmental award Utah has．It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.

1.When Paul was a boy，______________.

A．he had decided never to leave his hometown

B．the economy of Utah depended wholly on the copper smelter

C．no laws were made to protect the environment against pollution

D．he had determined to stop the copper smelter polluting the area

2.Why did Paul go to college to study the science of plants？

A．Because he wanted to find out the best way to save the area himself.

B．Because he was interested in planting trees since he was young.

C．Because he wanted to get more knowledgeable people to help him.

D．Because he thought his knowledge would make his advice more persuasive.

3.What does the underlined phrase “the plain common sense” probably refer to?

A．That it was impossible for trees to grow on the wasteland.

B．That his normal work and life would be greatly affected.

C．That no one would like to join him in the efforts.

D．That he had to keep everything he did secret.

4.The company hired Paul to plant trees and grass because___________.

A．they realized the importance of environmental protection

B．What Paul was doing moved them

C．Paul persuaded them to help him

D．they had legal pressure

5.The message of the passage is that _____________.

A．action speaks louder than words

B．perseverance（持之以恒）will work wonders

C．God helps those who help themselves

D．many hands make light work

 

The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___21___.

What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, __22___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent（经历）such a process.

When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had ___23___ several revisions due to problems with costuming andmakeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___24___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.

When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___25___ to your evolving(不断演变的) purpose, or to include ___26___ ideas or newly discovered information.

Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___27___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___28___ topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However, don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows training. Always make time to become your own __29__and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___30___ new ideas.

Revising involves __31__ the effectiveness and appropriateness（恰当）of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more ___32____, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___33__ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the __34___; that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many___35___ details that may confuse readers?

1.                A．technique       B．style           C．process   D．career

 

2.                A．in particular     B．as a result       C．for example   D．in other words

 

3.                A．undergone      B．skipped         C．rejected  D．replaced

 

4.                A．rewrote        B．released        C．recorded D．reserved

 

5.                A．addition        B．response        C．opposition D．contrast

 

6.                A．fixed           B．ambitious       C．familiar   D．fresh

 

7.                A．However       B．Moreover       C．Instead   D．Therefore

 

8.                A．discuss         B．switch          C．exhaust   D．cover

 

9.                A．director        B．master         C．audience D．visitor

 

10.               A．personal        B．valuable        C．basic D．delicate

 

11.               A．mixing         B．weakening      C．maintaining D．assessing

 

12.               A．specifically      B．freshly         C．swiftly D．loosely

 

13.               A．amazing        B．bright          C．unique    D．clear

 

14.               A．angles         B．evidence       C．information D．hints

 

15.               A．unnecessary     B．uninteresting    C．concrete  D．final

 

 

 

WELCOME Welcome to Windsor Castle the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences (住所)of the Queen, who sometimes stays here. Audio tours Free audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriprive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors. Guided tours Visitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments. Visitors with children For those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safety reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow. St George’s Chapel Visitors arriving at the Castel after 15:00 from March to October are advised to visit St George’s Chapel first, before it closes.

Shopping Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books; postcard, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service. Refreshments Bottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. From April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain reentry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments of St George’s Chapel. Photography and mobile phones Non-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Mobile phones must be switched off inside the State Apartments and St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors. Security As Windsor Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route.

1.A visitor can apply for a free audio tour        .

A．in the Courtyard                        B．in the State Apartments

C．at the Admission Center                  D．at St George’s Chapel

2.What is specially offered to visitors with kids?

A．A security guard.    B．A pushchair.        C．A free toy.         D．A baby carrier.

3.Who can get re-entry permits?

A．Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.

B．Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.

C．Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.

D．Visitors eating outside St George’s Chapel.

4.Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?

A．To prevent them from disturbing others.

B．To ensure the safety of others.

C．To ensure the security of the Castle.

D．To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.

5.In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one       .

A．where the queen usually works            B．where works of art are on show

C．still being constructed                    D．still used by the royal family