阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
同学
邓洪卫
许攸跟曹操是老同学。两人打小趴在一张课桌上念书。有什么好吃的分着吃，有什么好玩的一起玩。两人关系很铁。许攸喜欢叫曹操"阿瞒"，"阿瞒"是曹操的小名。两人还经常在一起谈论志向。许攸说，我想做一名太守，治理好一个州郡。曹操说，我想做一名宰相，治理一个国家。曹操便戏称许攸为太守，曹操还让许攸叫他宰相。但许攸还是叫他阿瞒。曹操说，你怎么不叫我宰相呢？许攸很为难地说，我叫你阿瞒已经叫顺嘴了，一时改不了口。曹操笑笑说，那你还叫我阿瞒吧。
多年以后，曹操果然做了宰相。许攸呢？在曹操手下做一个谋士。跟小时候一样，许攸还是称曹操为阿瞒。不光私下里这么叫，在许多公共场合下也这么叫。有一次，曹操为一件棘手的问题闹得焦头烂额，在相府开一个高级政治会议，参加会议的都是曹操手下的重要官员，气氛十分严肃。这时，许攸走到曹操跟前，拍着曹操的胳膊说，阿瞒，你怎么这么笨呢，简直是一头猪，你只须这么做，准能解决问题。一屋子的人都愣住了，很多人都面露不平之色。而曹操却哈哈大笑，没有丝毫不高兴。
谋士程昱来见曹操。程昱说，我听说，一个人的小名，只有在他未成年的时候才能使用，而这小名应该由他的父母长辈来称呼。许攸不过是您的一个同学，却多次在大庭广众之下，叫您的小名，无异于羞辱丞相。您为什么不怪罪于他呢？
曹操说，许攸不仅仅是我的同窗好友，而且是我的救命恩人。小时候，我特别顽皮。有一次，我爬到树上去摘桑葚吃，一不小心，跌到树下的污水塘里，是许攸把我从塘里拉出来，救了我一条命。许攸对我有救命之恩，怎么能因为他叫我小名，就治罪于他呢？
程昱说，自三皇五帝，礼仪一直传到今天。您作为一国的宰相，一人之下，万人之上，有着神圣不可侵犯的威严。许攸虽然跟您交谊深厚，但他依然只是您的一个下属而已，下属理所当然应该尊重上级，而不能因为救过您的命就可以随意冒犯您的威严。请丞相尽快制止他这种行为。
曹操说，一年有四个季节，四季有它不同的特点。每个人因为自己的生长环境不同而形成不同的习惯。许攸叫我的小名，只不过是他的一个习惯而已，这丝毫不影响他给我带来有益的一面。我记得当年我与袁绍战于官渡，两军相持不下，当时，我的粮草只够维持三天，是许攸从袁绍那边来投奔我，给我出谋划策，才使我一鼓作气打败袁绍，统一了北方。如果当初没有许攸，我早已被袁绍所灭，就不会有我今天宰相的职位，更谈不上宰相的尊严。与许攸的功劳相比，他叫我的小名是多么不足一论呀！
程昱不再说什么，只好退出去。许褚张辽等一些武将也多次来找曹操，都被曹操一一劝退。
这一年，许都大旱，粮食歉收。曹操问许攸该怎么办。许攸说，一方面，老百姓没有粮食吃；另一方面，达官显贵的家里却用成堆的粮食酿酒，造成许多粮食浪费。当务之急，是制止这种情况的发生。曹操立刻传令，全城从即日起禁酒，违法乱令者斩。曹操还让许褚、张辽等武将领兵昼夜巡城，如遇饮酒之人，就地正法。
晚上，曹操悄悄把许攸请进相府，说，别人不准饮酒，老同学例外，今日咱俩好好叙叙旧，一醉方休。
许攸点头，好，好，阿瞒，你想得真周到呀。
许攸晃晃摇摇离开相府，已是深夜，天空中一轮明月虚悬。许都城的街道清清白白。许攸伸伸胳膊，微风拂面，许攸关关节节都舒坦。
忽地，马蹄声疾。大将许褚奉丞相之命巡夜。
许褚令军校，将饮酒之人拿下。
许攸说，我跟阿瞒饮酒，何罪之有？
许褚手中长枪一抖，许攸象秋天的树叶，飘落在地上。
许攸的葬礼在一天清晨举行。全城的百姓都聚拢来争看这位据说是绝顶聪明的丞相的老同学。响器班在哀伤地吹打，城中最好的歌手在动情地唱着挽歌。曹丞相哭得最悲伤，几欲昏绝过去，旁边的侍从看他的嘴在不停嚅动着，终于努力听清他一遍遍念叨的是：今后谁还叫我阿瞒呀！
曹操被侍从强行拉出灵堂，文武也跟了出来。
最后走的是行军主簿杨修。
杨修拍了拍许攸的棺木，叹道，你是最聪明的人，也是最愚蠢的人。
杨修还说，丞相的话，你怎么能当真呢？
杨修说着，背着手，摇头晃脑地走了出来。
【小题1】解释下面语句在文中的含意。（4分）
旁边的侍从看他的嘴在不停嚅动着，终于努力听清他一遍遍念叨的是：今后谁还叫我阿瞒呀！
【小题2】结合全文，分析曹操的性格特点。（6分）
【小题3】杨修为什么说许攸是“最愚蠢的人”？(6分）
【小题4】根据小说结尾杨修的表现，推断杨修被杀的真正原因。（6分）

Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs. They loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.

One evening, Brownie’s family noticed that their dog hadn’t returned home. They went looking for him, but with no success. Brownie didn’t show up the next day, and by the next week he was still missing.

Curiously, Spotty showed up at Brownie’s house alone. He barked loudly. But busy with their own lives, Brownie’s family just ignored (忽略) their neighbor’s nervous little dog.

Finally, one morning Spotty refused to take “no” for an answer. He followed Ted, Brownie’s owner, everywhere he went. He barked, then rushed towards a nearby empty lot and back, as if to say, “ Follow me!”

Finally, Ted followed the dog across the empty lot. The dog led the man to a tree a half-mile from the house. There Ted found Brownie alive. One of his legs was crushed (夹住) in a trap. Ted wished he had taken Spotty’s earlier appeals (求助) seriously.

Then Ted noticed something amazing. In a circle around the injured dog, he saw a lot of dog food. They were the remains of lots of meals.

Spotty had been visiting Brownie every day. He had stayed with Brownie to protect him, snuggling(依偎) with him at night to keep him warm and nuzzling(用鼻子爱抚) him to keep his spirits up.

1.What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?

A．Brownie and Spotty didn’t like their owners.

B．Brownie was missing for three days.

C．Brownie’s family didn’t love him.

D．Spotty probably knew where Brownie was.

2.According to the story, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Spotty barked loudly at Ted because he was scared.

B．Ted followed Spotty because Spotty asked him to.

C．Spotty succeeded in escaping from the trap.

D．Brownie had nothing to eat that whole week.

3.The underlined phrase “keep his spirits up” in the last paragraph probably means______.

A．feed him          B．praise him         C．comfort him       D．protect him

4.What does the story aim to tell us?

A．Dog is man’s best friend.                B．Even dogs can have strong friendship.

C．Dogs are one of the cleverest animals.       D．Dogs have a special way to look for help.

 

Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs. They loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.
One evening, Brownie’s family noticed that their dog hadn’t returned home. They went looking for him, but with no success. Brownie didn’t show up the next day, and by the next week he was still missing.
Curiously, Spotty showed up at Brownie’s house alone. He barked loudly. But busy with their own lives, Brownie’s family just ignored (忽略) their neighbor’s nervous little dog.
Finally, one morning Spotty refused to take “no” for an answer. He followed Ted, Brownie’s owner, everywhere he went. He barked, then rushed towards a nearby empty lot and back, as if to say, “ Follow me!”
Finally, Ted followed the dog across the empty lot. The dog led the man to a tree a half-mile from the house. There Ted found Brownie alive. One of his legs was crushed (夹住) in a trap. Ted wished he had taken Spotty’s earlier appeals (求助) seriously.
Then Ted noticed something amazing. In a circle around the injured dog, he saw a lot of dog food. They were the remains of lots of meals.
Spotty had been visiting Brownie every day. He had stayed with Brownie to protect him, snuggling(依偎) with him at night to keep him warm and nuzzling(用鼻子爱抚) him to keep his spirits up.
【小题1】What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?

A．Brownie and Spotty didn’t like their owners.

B．Brownie was missing for three days.

C．Brownie’s family didn’t love him.

D．Spotty probably knew where Brownie was.

【小题2】According to the story, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Spotty barked loudly at Ted because he was scared.

B．Ted followed Spotty because Spotty asked him to.

C．Spotty succeeded in escaping from the trap.

D．Brownie had nothing to eat that whole week.

【小题3】The underlined phrase “keep his spirits up” in the last paragraph probably means______.

A．feed him

B．praise him

C．comfort him

D．protect him

【小题4】What does the story aim to tell us?

A．Dog is man’s best friend.	B．Even dogs can have strong friendship.
C．Dogs are one of the cleverest animals.	D．Dogs have a special way to look for help.

阅读下面的文字，完成小题。（25分）
戴 车 匠
汪曾祺
戴车匠是东街一景。
车匠是一种很古老的行业了。中国什么时候开始有车匠，无可考。想来这是很久远的事了。所谓车匠，就是在木制的车床上用旋刀车旋小件圆形木器的那种人。从我记事的时候，全城似只有这一个车匠，一家车匠店。车匠店离草巷口不远，坐南朝北。左邻是侯家银匠店，右邻是杨家香店。戴家车匠店夹在两家之间。门面很小，只有一间。地势却颇高。跨进门坎，得上五层台阶。因此车匠店有点像个小戏台(戴车匠就好像在台演戏)。店里正面是一堵板壁。板壁上有一副一尺多长，四寸来宽的小小的朱红对子，写的是：
室雅何须大，花香不在多。
不知这是哪位读书人的手笔。但是看来戴车匠很喜欢这副对子。板壁后面，是住家。前面，是作坊。作坊靠西墙，放着两张车床。这所谓车床和现代的铁制车床是完全不同的。就像一张狭长的小床，木制的，有一个四框，当中有一个车轴，轴上安小块木料，轴下有皮条，皮条钉在踏板上，双脚上下踏动踏板，皮条牵动车轴，木料来回转动，车匠坐在坐板上，两手执定旋刀，车旋成器，这就是中国的古式的车床，——其原理倒是和铁制车床是一样的。
靠里的车床是一张大的，那还是戴车匠的父亲留下的。老一辈人打东西不怕费料，总是超过需要的粗壮。这张老车床用了两代人，坐板已经磨得很光润，所有的榫头都还是牢牢实实的，没有一点活动。戴车匠嫌它过于笨重，就自己另打了一张新的。除了做特别沉重的东西，一般都使用外边较小的这一张。戴车匠起得很早。在别家店铺才卸下铺板的时候，戴车匠已经吃了早饭，选好了材料，看看图样，坐到车床的坐板上了。一个人走进他的工作，是叫人感动的。他这就和这张床子成了一体，一刻不停地做起活来了。看到戴车匠坐在床子上，让人想起古人说的：“百工居于肆，以成其器”。中国的工匠，都是很勤快的。好吃懒做的工匠．大概没有，——­­­很少。
车匠的木料都是坚实细致的，檀木——白檀，紫檀，红木，黄杨，枣木，梨木，最次的也是榆木的。戴车匠踩动踏板，执刀就料，旋刀轻轻地吟叫着，吐出细细的木花。木花如书带草，如韭菜叶，如番瓜瓤，有白的、浅黄的、粉红的、淡紫的，落在地面上，落在戴车匠的脚上，很好看。住在这条街上的孩子多爱上戴车匠家看戴车匠做活，一个一个，小傻子似的，聚精会神，一看看半天。
孩子们愿意上戴车匠家来，还因为他养着一窝洋老鼠——白耗子，装在一个一面有玻璃的长方木箱里，挂在东面的墙上。洋老鼠在里面踩车、推磨、上楼、下楼，整天不闲着，——无事忙。戴车匠这么大的人了，对洋老鼠并无多大兴趣，养来是给他的独儿子玩的。
一到快过清明节，大街小巷的孩子就都惦记起戴车匠来。
这里的风俗，清明那天吃螺蛳，家家如此。孩子们除了吃，还可以玩，——用螺蛳弓把螺蛳壳射出去，螺蛳弓是竹制的小弓，清明前半个月，戴车匠就把别的活都停下来，整天地做螺蛳弓。孩子们从戴车匠门前过，就都兴奋起来。到了接近清明，戴车匠家就都是孩子。螺蛳弓分大、中、小三号，弹力有差，射程远近不同，价钱也不一样。孩子们眼睛发亮，挑选着，比较着，挨挨挤挤，叽叽喳喳，好不热闹。到清明那天，听吧，到处是拉弓放箭的声音：“哒——哒!”
戴车匠每年照例要给他的儿子做一张特号的大弓。所有的孩子看了都羡慕。
戴车匠眯缝着眼睛看着他的儿坐在门坎上吃螺蛳，把螺蛳壳用力地射到对面一家倒闭了的钱庄的屋顶上，若有所思。
他在想什么呢?
他的儿子已经八岁了。他该不会是想：这孩子将来干什么?是让他也学车匠，还是另学一门手艺?世事变化很快，他隐隐约约觉得，车匠这一行恐怕不能永远延续下去。
一九八一年，我回乡了一次(我去乡已四十余年)。东街已经完全变样，戴家车匠店已经没有痕迹了。——侯家银匠店，杨家香店，也都没有了。
也许这是最后一个车匠了。
一九八五年七月
【小题1】小说写的是戴家车匠店，却在开头与结尾提到了侯家银匠店和杨家香店，这样写有何作用？（6分）
【小题2】简要概括戴车匠这一人物形象的性格特点。（5分）
【小题3】小说中的画线句子在表达上有哪些特点？请简要赏析。（6分）
【小题4】小说开头写“戴车匠是东街一景”，结尾又写道“戴家车匠店已经没有痕迹了”“也许这是最后一个车匠了”，分别表达了作者怎样的情感？“东街已经完全变样，戴家车匠店已经没有痕迹了”，请结合现实，加以想象，探究应该如何看待“戴家车匠店”的消失。（8分）

人们常常喜欢用一些英语名言来作为自己的座右铭，请根据以下信息，给下面5个人选择合适的座右铭来配对。

1.Ann works hard at English. She never wastes time.

2.Bill is always afraid of failing exam . He needs more confidence.

3.David has good study habits. He thinks the beginning is very important.

4.Linda is 70 years old, but she still likes learning something.

5.Tom wants to be a professional basketball player, but he can’t play it very well.

A. Practice makes perfect.

B. Every minute counts.

C. Failure is the mother of success.

D. A good beginning is half done.

E. It is never too old to learn.