Do you know why you sleep? You may think it’s because you’re tired. Or perhaps you’ve been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.

Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.

Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses（脉搏）went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.

One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.

1.During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.

A．stop   B．increase     C．decrease   D．stay the same

2.Which word in paragraph（段落）3 means “colorful and lively”?

A．easier         B．empty         C．vivid   D．quickly

3.Which paragraph tells what happens when people don’t get enough sleep?

A．1         B．2         C．3         D．4

4.What is the main idea of the article?

A．REM sleep helps the brain grow.

B．REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists.

C．REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage.

D．REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.

5.You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.

A．has a restful effect on people

B．can be avoided with lots of sleep

C．is something that all people experience

D．is something that all scientists agree on

 

Is the world too crowded? Well, that’s a hard question to answer. It’s all a matter of perspective(视角).In Montana, you might drive for a mile in any direction and not see another human being. In Macao, 60,000 people live in every square mile!
What is true is that the world’s population doesn’t stay the same. It has been increasing at a very fast rate(比例).That’s in part because in each generation(代) these are more people who then have children than in the last generation.
Five hundred years ago, the population of the world was about 460 million. In 1900,the world’s population was under 2 billion(十亿).Right now it is doubling every 40 years. That means, if this rate of growth continues, when you are a parent, there will be twice as many people on earth as there are now. Wow! Now that’s a whole lot of people! Soon the world’s population will probably reach 7 billion. Some people worry about that! But there is a lot of disagreement about just how many people on earth equals(相当于) too many people. But everyone agrees that the more people there are, the more resources(资源) the world needs to feed, house and take care of all of them, and the more need there is to think carefully about how we live and use the earth’s resources.
【小题1】From the first paragraph we can know that ­________.

A．Montana is too crowded

B．Macao is too crowded

C．the world is too crowded

D．the world is not too crowded

【小题2】The population is increasing fast partly because ________.

A．people live longer than before

B．there are less wars than before

C．medicine is developing faster than before

D．more couples now would like to have children than before

【小题3】What was the world’s population 100 years ago?

A．450 million.	B．about 2 billion.
C．40 billion.	D．7 billion.

【小题4】The writer thinks that with the population increasing, we should ________.

A．find more resources

B．use more resources

C．think about our ways of living

D．move to other places

【小题5】From the passage we can learn that the writer ________.

A．thinks the world already has too many people

B．thinks the world can feed no more than 7 billion people

C．is not sure when the world’s population will reach 7 billion

D．is not sure what the largest population that the world can feed is

Martin Lynch, an American businessman, had been going on vacation to a small Mexican fishing village for a number of ears. One morning while going for a walk along the beach, he saw his friend Pablo Perez, a local fisherman. Martin watched Pablo unload his boat and pack the fish in a box.

   Martin noticed Pablo was smiling and looked very happy. He could also see several large fish in the boat. Martin greeted Pablo and asked how long it took to catch the fish. “Just a few hours,” replied Pablo. Martin asked, “Why didn’t you stay longer and catch more fish?” “I have enough for my family,” Pablo said. “And what do you do with the rest of your day?” asked Martin. “I take a nap, play with my children, spend time with my wife, and go into the village to see my friends and play cards, I have a full and busy life.” Martin explained that if Pablo worked longer hours and caught more fish, he could make more money. With the extra money, Pablo could buy more boats and catch money more fish. By selling the fish, Pablo could open his own factory and sell direct to supermarkets.

   “Then what?” asked Pablo. “Well you would probably have to move to Mexico City to run the business. Finally, you would be able to sell your business and make millions of dollars,” replied Martin. “How long will that take?” asked Pablo.

   Martin thought for a while and said it would probably take at least 15 years.

   “And then what” asked Pablo.

   “Well, that’s the best part,” Martin said. “You will be able to retire, buy a house near the ocean, sleep longer, play with your children, spend more time with your wife, see your friends, and play cards.”

1.What is the story mainly about?

A. A businessman and a fisherman have become friends.

B. A businessman learns how to fish from a fisherman.

C. A businessman wants to become a businessman.

D. A businessman gives advice to a fisherman.

2.What makes the Mexican fisherman happy is ______________.

A. many friends to visit him

B. a full and busy life

C. more boats and more fish

D. the house near the ocean

3.How can the fisherman make more money in the businessman’s view?

A. By buying a supermarket.

B. To move to Mexico City.

C. By selling his own business.

D. To work longer and catch more fish.

4.The underlined word “unload” in the passage means ____________.

A. put … into               B. take … away from

C. break down               D. set off

5.We can infer from the passage that ____________.

A. the fisherman will stay the same with his life

B. the fisherman will leave the village for Mexico City

C. the business man will buy the fisherman’s boat

D. it takes all day for the fisherman to catch large fish

 

Do you know why you sleep? You may think it’s because you’re tired. Or perhaps you’ve been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.
Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.
Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses（脉搏）went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.
One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.
【小题1】During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.

A．stop

B．increase

C．decrease

D．stay the same

【小题2】Which word in paragraph（段落）3 means “colorful and lively”?

A．easier

B．empty

C．vivid

D．quickly

【小题3】Which paragraph tells what happens when people don’t get enough sleep?

A．1

B．2

C．3

D．4

【小题4】What is the main idea of the article?

A．REM sleep helps the brain grow.

B．REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists.

C．REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage.

D．REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.

【小题5】You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.

A．has a restful effect on people

B．can be avoided with lots of sleep

C．is something that all people experience

D．is something that all scientists agree on

Mental health is about the way you think and feel and your ability to deal with ups and downs. Even though you are mentally healthy, it doesn’t __11__ that you don’t have a menta1 health problem.

Mental health is everyone’s business. We all have times when we feel down or __12___. Most of the time those feelings pass，__13___ sometimes they develop into a more serious problem. It seems that our mental health doesn’t always stay the same. It can change as the environment changes and as you move __14___ different stages(阶段)of your life.

Here are four practical __15___ to look after your mental health. Making simple changes to how you live doesn’t cost much or take up lots of time. Anyone can __16___ them.

●Talk about your feelings. It can help you stay in good mental health. It isn’t a sign of __17___, but part of your ability to do what you can to stay healthy.

●Eat well. What you eat and how you feel are __18___ connected. A proper diet can have a good effect on your mental health.

●Keep in touch. Friends and family members can offer __19___suggestions which may help you keep active and solve practical problems.

●Take a break. It could be a weekend __20___ new places to enjoy the nature, or even a ten-minute break from doing your homework. A few minutes can be enough to relax you.

1.A.agree        B.mean        C.doubt        D.notice

2.A.excited      B.satisfied   C.surprised     D stressed

3.A.but          B.and         C.so           D.as

4.A.away        B.inside        C.through      D.against

5.A.answer       B.replies       C.ways        D.chances

6.A.follow       B.find          C.advise       D.count

7.A.weakness     B.laziness      C.happiness     D.richness

8.A.easily        B.closely       C.equally      D.hardly

9.A.difficult      B.terrible       C.strange       D. various

10.A.protecting    B.exploring     C.providing     D.imagining