Basketball is still a young game. It’s over a hundred years old. In the winter of 1891, a certain college was having some trouble with its boy students. The weather was bad and the students had to stay indoors. As they couldn’t play outdoors, they were unhappy, and some even got into fights from time to time.
　　Some of the teachers, at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game so that the students might have something to play with. It was not easy to invent such a game because it had to be played indoors , and the court (球场) was not very large.
　　Dr. Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game. It was a fast, wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball. It was played between two teams. To make a score , the ball had to be thrown into the basket ten feet(英尺) above the floor on the wall . At each end of the court there was such a basket. At first, Dr. Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box. As he could not find boxes of the right size, he had to use fruit baskets instead. That is how the game got its name.
1. How long is it since basketball was invented?
　　A. 1000 years                    　　　　　　　　　　B. More than 100 years
　　C. 1100 years                      　　　　　　　　　　D. Less than 100 years
2. The students felt unhappy because _______.
　　A. they had much homework to do
　　B. they often got into fights
　　C. they couldn’t play outdoors 
　　D. they had little time to study
3. Who asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game?
　　A. Some students                   　　　　　　　　B. Some teachers
　　C. Some students’ parents          　　　 D. Some of his friends
4. When a student ______ , he makes a score.
　　A. receives the ball.              　　　　　　
　　B. throws the ball to another student
　　C. runs quickly with the ball in his hand  
　　D. throws the ball into the basket
5. Which sentence is right?
　　A. Dr. Naismith had to use fruit to throw the ball.
　　B. It was easy to invent the game.
　　C. The students could go outdoors when the weather was bad.
　　D. The ball had to be thrown into the basket five feet above the floor.

Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries slowly.
　 You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
　 Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
　 When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
　　Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules: 1) Rest your wrists on something. 2) Keep your elbows (肘部） at the same height as the keyboard. 3) Stop something and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
　　Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms（前臂）, wrists, hands and the upper（上部） part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and necks.
　 Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
【小题1】A computer screen may injure your eyes if __________.

What do you do if you're stranded（处于困境的）on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.

　　Body signals（信号）

　　Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training. When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no". If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend（弯曲）your knees. If you want to say that it's not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.

　　Smoke signals

　　The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn't hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a fire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.

　　Ground-to-air signals

　　It's a good idea to build some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols(标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth. Some useful symbols are:

　　F "I need food and water."

　　II "I need medicine."

　　I "I am badly hurt."

　　X" I am unable to move from here."

　　Pilots' replies

　　If the pilot lowers the plane's wings from side to side, this means "message received and understood". (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's green lights.) If the pilots flies the plane in a clockwise circle, this means "message received but not understood".(At night, the pilot flashes the plane's red lights.)

However, there is no signal which means "message not received". Why not?

1. Which picture means "it's not safe land"?

2. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. Swinging your arm from side to side means "yes".

　　B. If the ground is dark, light smoke can't be seen.

　　C. If you need some medicine, make a symbol "II".

　　D. The pilots make replies with a blue light at night.

　　3. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. The explanation of building signals on an island.

　　B. The importance of making signals on an island.

　　C. Ways of sending out signals on a lonely island.

D. Ways of receiving signals from a lonely island

What do you do if you're stranded（处于困境的）on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.
　　Body signals（信号）
　　Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training. When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no". If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend（弯曲）your knees. If you want to say that it's not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.
　　Smoke signals
　　The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn't hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a fire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.
　　Ground-to-air signals
　　It's a good idea to build some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols(标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth. Some useful symbols are:
　　F "I need food and water."
　　II "I need medicine."
　　I "I am badly hurt."
　　X" I am unable to move from here."
　　Pilots' replies
　　If the pilot lowers the plane's wings from side to side, this means "message received and understood". (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's green lights.) If the pilots flies the plane in a clockwise circle, this means "message received but not understood".(At night, the pilot flashes the plane's red lights.)
However, there is no signal which means "message not received". Why not?
【小题1】 Which picture means "it's not safe land"?

　
【小题2】 What can we learn from the passage?

You don’t need to speak French to understand the Parisians. You just need to know how to make gestures. A new guide has come out by French tourism officials, which is to help foreign visitors understand Parisians with a list of commonly used gestures like “shut up”. “If you use them the next time when you’re in Paris, people will start mistaking you for a native (当地人) in no time,” says the online guide at www.cestsoparis.com.

Some of the city’s rude native people in Paris have been a headache for the tourism authorities(旅游当局) for a long time. They have tried their best to ask Parisians to be more friendly to foreign visitors. They have decided to show visitors commonly used gestures by Parisians at www.cestsoparis.com. Visitors can learn and get help from there.

The website includes the common gestures such as “Bof” and “Camembert”. “Bof” is used to mean “I don’t know” or “I disagree”, and “Camembert” is to tell someone to shut up.

And it also includes a note, which warns visitors not to use the gestures too freely.Otherwise, they may see some even ruder Parisian expressions.

(   )16. The coming out of that new guide in France is　　　 .

A. to help foreign visitors to learn French well

B. to help foreign visitors understand Parisians

C. to make a suitable website in Paris

D. to tell people the importance of speaking French

(   )17. The gesture “Camembert” in the website means　　　 .

A. I don’t know         B. I disagree

C. Don’t speak          D. Don’t stop speaking

(   )18. The underlined word “They” refers to(指代)　　　 .

A. the rude native people in Paris    B. the tourism authorities in Paris

C. the commonly used gestures     D. the foreign visitors in Paris

(   )19. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Some native Parisians are rude to foreign visitors.

B. The new guide is mainly for foreign tourists.

C. You’ll be regarded as a native if you use the gestures at www.cestsoparis.com.

D. You can use the gestures in Paris as freely as you want.

(   )20. The BEST title for this passage is　　　 .

A. How to learn French          B. What places to visit in Paris

C. Gestures make you a Parisian   D. How rude Parisians are