阅读下面的文字，完成小题
去秋人还，蒙赐书及所撰先大父墓碑铭，反复观诵，感与惭并。
夫铭志之著于世，义近于史，而亦有与史异者。盖史之于善恶无所不书；而铭者，盖古之人有功德、材行、志义之美者，惧后世之不知，则必铭而见之。或纳于庙，或存于墓，一也。苟其人之恶，则与铭乎何有？此其所以与史异也。其辞之作，所以使死者无有所憾，生者得致其严。而善人喜于见传，则勇于自立；恶人无有所记，则以愧而惧。至于通材达识，义烈节士，嘉言善状，皆见于篇，则足为后法。警劝之道，非近乎史，其将安近？
及世之衰，人之子孙者，一欲褒扬其亲而不本乎理。故虽恶人，皆务勒铭以夸后世。立言者既莫之拒而不为，又以其子孙之所请也，书其恶焉，则人情之所不得，于是乎铭始不实。后之作铭者，当观其人。苟托之非人，则书之非公与是，则不足以行世而传后。故千百年来，公卿大夫至于里巷之士，莫不有铭，而传者盖少。其故非他，托之非人，书之非公与是故也。
然则孰为其人，而能尽公与是欤？非畜道德而能文章者，无以为也。盖有道德者之于恶人，则不受而铭之，于众人则能辨焉。而人之行，有情善而迹非，有意奸而外淑，有善恶相悬而不可以实指，有实大于名，有名侈于实。犹之用人，非畜道德者恶作辨之不惑，议之不徇？不惑不徇，则公且是矣。而其辞之不工，则世犹不传。于是又在其文章兼胜焉。故曰：非畜道德而能文章者，无以为也。岂非然哉？
然畜道德而能文章者，虽或并世而有，亦或数十年、或一二百年而有之。其传之难又如此，其遇之难又如此。若先生之道德文章，固所谓数百年而有者也。先祖之言行卓卓幸遇而得铭其公与是其传世行后无疑也而世之学者每观传记所书古人之事至其所可感则往往衋然不知涕之流落也，况其子孙也哉？况巩也哉！其追晞祖德，而思所以传之之由，则知先生推一赐于巩而及其三世。其感与报，宜若何而图之？抑又思若巩之浅薄滞拙，而先生进之；先祖之屯蹶否塞以死，而先生显之，则世之魁闳豪杰不世出之士，其谁不愿进于门？潜遁幽抑之士，其谁不有望于世？
既拜赐之辱，且敢进其所以然。所谕世族之次，敢不承教而加详焉。愧甚不宣。巩再拜。
----选自曾巩《寄欧阳舍人（欧阳修）书》
【小题1】对下列划线词解释不正确的一组是                      （   ）

A．生者得致其严 　　严：严肃

B．警劝之道 　　　　道：作用

C．议之不徇 　　　　徇：徇私，袒护

D．所谕世族之次 　　次：排列

【小题2】下列各组句子中划线词的用法和意义相同的一项是      （   ）

A．则足为后法则告诉不许

B．惧后世之不知臣之壮也，犹不如人

C．有意奸而外淑圣人不凝滞于物，而能与世推移

D．先祖之屯蹶否塞以死死犹为厉鬼以击贼

【小题3】下面各项对文章的内容理解不正确的一项是             （   ）

A．铭志能够著称后世，它的意义与“史”相接近，但是它的内容却与“史”有所不同。

B．文中，作者就碑文写作提出了看法，一是撰写碑文要态度公正，二是撰写碑文要慎选作者。

C．文章既论述了铭志的作用，也由衷赞扬了欧阳修为他祖父所作铭志的“公与是”。

D．这篇文章虽是感谢信，但又不仅仅止于感谢，文章还重点述说了“史”的社会意义，也表达了对道德文章兼胜的赞许与追求。

【小题4】用“/”给文中画波浪线的部分断句。（3分）
先 祖 之 言 行 卓 卓 幸 遇 而 得 铭 其 公 与 是 其 传 世 行 后 无 疑 也而 世 之 学 者 每 观 传 记 所 书 古 人 之 事 至 其 所 可 感 则 往 往 衋 然不 知 涕 之 流 落 也
【小题5】将文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（7分）
(1) 苟其人之恶，则与铭乎何有？（3分）
(2) 则知先生推一赐于巩而及其三世。其感与报，宜若何而图之？（4分）

Once　upon　a　time,　a　young　man　was　standing　in　the　middle　of　the　town　announcing　that　he　had　the　most　beautiful　heart　in　the　world.　A　large　crowd　gathered,　and　they　al　praised　his　heart　for　it　was　perfect.

    Suddenly,　an　old　man　appeared　and　said,　“Why　,your　heart　is　not　as　beautiful　as　mine.”

    The　old　man’s　heart　was　ful　of　scars（伤疤）.　Some　pieces　of　his　heart　were　removed　and　some　pieces　from　other　people　were　put　in,　but　they　didn’t　fit　quite　right.　So　there　were　several　jagged（锯齿状的）edges.　In　fact,　there　were　stil　some　holes　in　his　heart　where　the　pieces　were　missing.

    The　 young　 man　 laughed,“Comparing　yours　with　mine,　mine　is　perfect　and　yours　is　a　mess.”

    “Yes,”said　the　old　man.　“But,　every　scar　shows　that　I　took　out　a　piece　of　my　heart　and　gave　it　to　a　person,　and　often　he　gave　me　a　piece　of　his　heart　in　return.”

    “Why　do　you　have　some　jagged　edges　in　your　heart?”asked　the　young　man.“Because　the　shapes　of　the　pieces　weren’t　the　same.”“Then　the　holes?”“Sometimes　I　gave　pieces　of　my　heart　away,　and　the　other　person　hasn’t　given　back　a　piece　of　his,　so　… but　I　don’t　care.”“How　come?”“They　remind　me　of　the　love　we　shared.”

    The　young　man　was　deeply　moved.　He　walked　up　to　the　old　man,　took　a　piece　of　his　heart　out　and　gave　it　to　the　old　man.

    The　old　man　placed　it　in　his　heart,　then　took　a　piece　from　his　old　scarred　heart　and　placed　it　in　the　wound（伤口）in　the　young　man’s　heart.　It　fitted,　but　not　perfectly,　as　there　were　some　jagged　edges.

    The　young　man　looked　at　his　heart,　not　perfect　any　more　but　more　beautiful　than　ever.

    How　sad　it　must　be　to　go　through　 life　 with　 a　 whole　untouched　heart!

    1.　The　young　man　stood　in　the　town　to　_____.

    A.　meet　the　old　man　　　　B.　compare　his　heart　with　others’

    C.　show　his　beautiful　heart　D.　give　pieces　of　his　heart　to　others

   2.　It’s　clear　that　the　old　man　was　_____.

    A.　a　sily　man　　　　B.　a　humorous　man

    C.　a　wel-known　man　　　　D.　a　kind-hearted　man

  3.　We　learn　from　the　story　that　in　the　end　the　young　man　was　_____.

    A.　lost　　　　B.　moved　　　　C.　hurt　　　　D.　untouched

  4.　The　old　man　said“… but　I　don’t　care”means　_____.

    A.　he　didn’t　expect　others’return

    B.　he　didn’t　feel　pain

    C.　he　didn’t　think　it　serious

    D.　he　cared　nothing

  5.We　can　get　more　beautiful　hearts　by　sharing　_____

    A.　ideas　　　　B.　scars　　　　C.　love　　　　D.　beauty

 

Many students in China are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers(青少年). Many are adults(成年人). Some study at school, others learn by themselves. A few learn English language over the radio, on TV, or in the films. One must work hard to learn another language.
Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer that question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study their own(自己的) language and maths and English. Some people learn English because it is useful for their work. Many people often learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university(大学) some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers and magazines in English.
【小题1】根据Others are teenagers(青少年). Many are adults(成年人).描述，可知选C。
【小题2】根据短文第一段描述，可知孩子，年轻人和成人都在学英语。故选C。
【小题3】根据短文第二段描述，可知每个人学英语都有不同的原因，故选D。
【小题4】联系上文可知本文描述的是中国人学英语，故他们自己的语言是汉语，选A。
【小题5】by表示通过某种方式，通过自己学习英语，及自学英语，故选B。
【小题6】Are there many adults learning English in China?

A．No, they aren’t.	B．No, they are.
C．Yes, there are.	D．Yes, there aren’t.

【小题7】________learn English.

A．Only teenagers.

B．Only adults.

C．Small children, teenagers and adults.

D．Only small children.

【小题8】Which of the following is true?

A． Most people learn English over the radio.

B． All the people learn English at school.

C． Students only learn their own language at school.

D． Different people have different reasons for learning English.

【小题9】“Their own language” means_____________.

A．Chinese

B．English

C．French

D．Japanese

【小题10】What’s the Chinese meaning of “learn by themselves”?\

A．和他们一起学习

B．自学

C．向他们学习

D．通过学习

Earthquake Intensity & Observed Effects（强度与现象）
I.       Felt by only a few people under very special conditions.
II. Felt by only a few people at rest, especially on the upper floors of buildings.
III. Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings.
IV. Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few; some awaked.
V.    Felt by nearly everyone; many awaked; dishes and windows break; plaster (灰泥) cracks (开裂).
VI. Felt by everyone; many frightened and run outdoors; heavy furniture such as tables and shelves moves.
VII.   Everyone runs outdoors; small to moderate (中等的) damage(损毁) in usual buildings.
VIII. Considerable (相当大的) damage in usual buildings; monuments(碑) fall.
IX.    Considerable damage in all buildings; ground cracks; underground pipes (管道) break.
X.      Most buildings damaged; rails bend(弯曲); landslides (山崩) take place; water splashes(溅落) over banks.
XI.    Few buildings left standing; bridges damaged; wide cracks in the ground; underground pipes break.
XII.   Damage total; waves seen on ground; objects thrown into air.
【小题1】According to the picture, what is the possible position of the earthquake’s epicenter?

A．36°N, 90°W.

B．36°N, 90°E.

C．90°N, 36°W.

D．90°N, 36°E.

【小题2】What is the effects of earthquake intensity IV?

A．Everyone runs outdoors.

B．Only a few people feel it.

C．Many people who stay indoors feel it.

D．Felt by people on the upper floors of buildings.

【小题3】According to the picture, which city would have announced the report: “Nearly everyone felt the earthquake, and many people were awaked. Dishes and windows were broken”?

A．Cincinnati.

B．Louisville.

C．Pittsburgh.

D．Nashville.

【小题4】Which statement best describes the earthquake intensity at Boston?

A．Felt indoors by few people under very special conditions.

B．Few buildings left standing.

C．Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings.

D．Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few, some awaked.

【小题5】For which city was the description of an earthquake “Heavy furniture moved, everyone  felt it, and many were frightened and ran outdoors” reported?

A．Nashville.

B．Louisville.

C．Syracuse.

D．Cincinnati.

Earthquake Intensity & Observed Effects（强度与现象）
I.     Felt by only a few people under very special conditions.
II. Felt by only a few people at rest, especially on the upper floors of buildings.
III. Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings.
IV. Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few; some awaked.
V.   Felt by nearly everyone; many awaked; dishes and windows break; plaster (灰泥) cracks (开裂).
VI. Felt by everyone; many frightened and run outdoors; heavy furniture such as tables and shelves moves.
VII. Everyone runs outdoors; small to moderate (中等的) damage(损毁) in usual buildings.
VIII.       Considerable (相当大的) damage in usual buildings; monuments(碑) fall.
IX.  Considerable damage in all buildings; ground cracks; underground pipes (管道) break.
X.    Most buildings damaged; rails bend(弯曲); landslides (山崩) take place; water splashes(溅落) over banks.
XI.  Few buildings left standing; bridges damaged; wide cracks in the ground; underground pipes break.
XII. Damage total; waves seen on ground; objects thrown into air.
【小题1】According to the picture, what is the possible position of the earthquake’s epicenter?

A．36°N, 90°W.

B．36°N, 90°E.

C．90°N, 36°W.

D．90°N, 36°E.

【小题2】What is the effects of earthquake intensity IV?

A．Everyone runs outdoors.

B．Only a few people feel it.

C．Many people who stay indoors feel it.

D．Felt by people on the upper floors of buildings.

【小题3】According to the picture, which city would have announced the report: “Nearly everyone felt the earthquake, and many people were awaked. Dishes and windows were broken”?

A．Cincinnati.

B．Louisville.

C．Pittsburgh.

D．Nashville.

【小题4】Which statement best describes the earthquake intensity at Boston?

A．Felt indoors by few people under very special conditions.

B．Few buildings left standing.

C．Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings.

D．Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few, some awaked.

【小题5】For which city was the description of an earthquake “Heavy furniture moved, everyone  felt it, and many were frightened and ran outdoors” reported?

A．Nashville.

B．Louisville.

C．Syracuse.

D．Cincinnati.