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Thomas Edison made more than 1,000 inventions in his life. (A)他的许多发明已经改变了世界。His first invention was a vote recorder (投票记录器) in 1869. This machine allowed people to place a vote by pressing a button instead of saying “Yes” or “No”. (B)H_________, American government officials did not like Edison’s invention because they preferred to call out their votes.

Then Edison started a company with his friend, Franklin Pope. (C) was, morning, night, busy, until, Edison, from, early, late. As a result of hard work, he invented telegraph to print the price of gold and silver. He sold it to Western Union Company for $15,000.

With some of the money Edison started his own company. Next he invented a stock ticker. (D)This machine was used to record the price of stocks (股票) in New York. Western Union paid

Edison $ 40,000 for this invention.

Edison used this money to open a shop in Newark in the state of New Jersey. In 1875, Edison and his family moved to Menlo Park in the same state. There he built his own laboratory.

1.将(A)处画线部分译成英语：

_________________________________________

2.根据首字母提示，在(B)处填写一个适当的单词：

_________________________________________

3.将(C)处画线部分连词成句：

_________________________________________

4.将(D)处画线部分译成汉语：

_________________________________________

5.回答问题：Which state of America does Menlo Park belong to? 

______________________________________________________

 

Living in the foreign culture can be exciting, but it can also be confusing. A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences . They discussed that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”.

On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought the waitress wasn’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot she went into a store and asked, “ Do you have any cold drinks ?” The woman there didn’t say anything. Lisa repeated the question again. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She has raised her eyebrows , which in Micronesia , it means, “yes”.

 Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was known for its cabbage. She asked the writer, “Do you have cabbage today ?” He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means “no”.

Tom had a similar problem when he arrived in India. After explaining something in class , he asked his students if they understood . They answered with different nods and shakes of heads. He thought some people hadn’t understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, the did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake heads in different ways . It depends on where they come from.

1.These Americans teaching English in other countries found that they _____________.

A.  needed to learn foreign languages.

B.  should often discuss their experiences

C.  had problems with communications

2.People in Micronesia show “yes” by _________.

A. nodding heads          B. raising the eyebrows         C. shaking hands.

3. Tom misunderstood his class at first because __________.

A.  he didn’t know much about Indian culture

B.  he didn’t explain everything clearly enough

C.  he didn’t know where the students came from

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  In Bulgaria, nodding heads means “no”

B.  Jan taught English on a Pacific island

C.  Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.

  

5.The passage is mainly about _________.

A.  body language in foreign restaurants

B.  class discussion in Indian schools

C.  miscommunicaions in different cultures

 

 

Close contacts between Japan and the rest of the world were created in the twentieth century. In the last forty years, business contacts between Japan and the West have become very important. Many foreign companies now have offices in Japan and Japanese businessmen do business around the world. Differences between Japanese and Western ways of doing business, however, often bewilder foreign businessmen and make doing business in Japan difficult for foreigners.
The American businessman, for example, wants to start talking business immediately. He does not want to wait. The Japanese businessman, on the other hand, likes to arrive at decisions after giving them serious thought. Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means “Yes” or “No”. This is because of cultural differences between Japanese and Western society(社会), Which make it difficult for a Japanese to say “No” directly.
In the USA, it is easy to say “No” to something one does not want to do. But in Japan, it is very difficult to say “No”. To refuse an invitation or a request(请求) with “No” is felt to be impolite. It is thought to be selfish and unfriendly. So instead of saying “No” directly, the Japanese have developed many ways to avoid(避免) saying “No”. These can help them avoid hurting other people’s feelings. However, this often makes their ways of doing business rather difficult for foreigners to understand and follow.
【小题1】What often makes foreigners feel difficult to do business in Japan?

A．Their different ways of doing business.

B．Their different lifestyles.

C．The fact that the Japanese never say “No”.

D．The fact that the Japanese are slow to take action.

【小题2】Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined expression “bewilder foreign businessmen” in Paragraph One?

A．cause foreign businessmen to change their minds.

B．give a feeling of surprise to foreign businessmen.

C．attract foreign businessmen’s attention.

D．make foreign businessmen think wrongly.

【小题3】What fact does the passage lead you to believe?

A．American businessmen do things more slowly than Japanese ones.

B．American businessmen like to say “Yes” and “No”.

C．Americans usually say what they are thinking.

D．Americans do not say what they think or feel clearly.

【小题4】 From the passage we can infer(推断) that __________.

A．Japanese businessmen are good at business

B．foreign businessmen should try to know Japanese ways of doing business

C．foreign businessmen must be more polite

D．you must learn from Japanese businessmen if you want to succeed