It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相关的) to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain (大脑). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences. ?
【小题1】The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.

A．teachers

B．classmates

C．doctors

D．brothers or sisters

【小题2】 When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

A．After they go into society.	B．Before they enter school.
C．When they are at school.	D．Before they are born.

【小题3】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life.

B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students.

C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors.

D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts.

Nowadays, we can find advertisements almost e  1  we go. An advertisement uses words and p  2  to attract people to buy goods or s  3 . This kind of advertisements is c  4   commercial(商业) advertisements. Newspapers, magazines, the Internet and t  5  are the most common places to find them.

The other k  6  of advertisements is public service advertisements(PSAs). The aims of PSAs are to teach us and help us lead b  7  lives. You have probably seen or heard some of them, such as “knowledge changes life.” There are also PSAs that e  8   people to support public service projects, such as Project Hope. There are even PSAs to teach us how to live healthy lives. One of these is, “When you smoke cigarettes, you are s  9  killing yourself.” You can often learn a lot by f 10  the advice they give.

 

短文填空 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容和所给首字母，在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。所填单词必须在答卷标有题号的横线上完整写出。（本大题共5分， 每格0. 5分）

A schoolboy’s life is in preparation for the real battle (奋斗) of life. It is also f      ___(1) of differences and interests. One of the most important p      ____(2) of a schoolboy’s life is to get as much knowledge and good mind-t       ___(3) as he can. His main business in school is to learn. He has to read the book he is t     (4) in classes. He has to do the homework set to him. Another part that forms (形成) a schoolboy's life is the school discipline (纪律). At school there are strict rules to be k      ___(5). This strict discipline is very useful for him when he e      ___(6) society(社会) to make a living. It teaches him some very necessary virtues (美德) on the r      ___(7) to a social life.

School is a place for a schoolboy to learn what the social life is l      (8). For in the classroom and the playground, he has to mix with his fellows (同伴) and not the m      (9) of his family.

This is also the way when he has to carry h     (10) in society.

1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.          6.____________ 7.___________ 8.____________ 9.___________ 10.____________

 

It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相关的) to memory, which is the storage(储存) of information in the brain (大脑). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences. ?
【小题1】The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.

A．teachers

B．classmates

C．doctors

D．brothers or sisters

【小题2】When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

A．After they go into society.	B．Before they enter school.
C．When they are at school.	D．Before they are born.

【小题3】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life.

B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students.

C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors.

D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts.

I watched as my little brother was caught in the act. He was sitting in the corner of the living room, a _____in one hand and my father’s hymnbook(赞美诗集)in the other.

As my father walked into the room, my brother cowered slightly(轻微地畏缩). He sensed that he had done something _____. Form a distance I could see that he had  _____my father’s new hymnal and scribbled(乱涂)in it. Now looking at my father fearfully, we _____  waited for his punishment.

My father _____his book, looked at it, and then sat down without saying a word．He was a clergyman(神职人员) and for him, books were knowledge. And yet he _____ his children. What he did next was unbelievable. Instead of punishing my brother, he sat down, _____ the pen from my brother’s hand, and then wrote in the book himself, alongside the scribbles John had made:

“John’s work, 1959, _____ 2.” How many times have I looked into your beautiful face and into your warm eyes looking up at me and _____God for the one who has now scribbled in my new hymnal. You have made the book sacred(神圣的), as have your brother and sister.

“Wow,” I thought. “This is punishment?”

The years and the books came and went. Our family _____ what all families go through and perhaps a little bit more. But we _____ knew our parents loved us and that one of the proofs(证明)of their love was the hymnal by the piano.

Dad taught us about_____really matters in life: people, not objects; tolerance(宽容), not judgment; love, not anger. Now I, too, am a father. But unlike my father, I do not wait for daughters _____ to take books from my bookshelf and scribble in them. From time to time I take one down, and give it to one of my _____to scribble in. and as I look at their artwork, I think about my father and the_____he taught me.

1.A、book         B、pen     C、knife     D、toy

2.A、wrong      B、special         C、dangerous    D、different

3.A、dropped          B、read    C、borrowed   D、opened

4.A、all    B、both    C、either         D、each

5.A、picked up         B、put up          C、made up      D、wrapped up

6.A、hated       B、needed       C、loved          D、disliked

7.A、moved     B、took    C、brought       D、borrowed

8.A、old   B、birthday    C、aged   D、named

9.A、thanked   B、asked  C、respected D、pleased

10.A、spent     B、experienced        C、supported D、afforded

11.A、ever       B、sometimes  C、never         D、always

12.A、what       B、why     C、which D、who

13.A、quickly   B、secretly     C、carefully      D、suddenly

14.A、children          B、sisters C、brothers      D、parents

15.A、skills       B、rules   C、lessons      D、subjects