完形填空。

　　Many objects that people use each day started with a simple idea．These objects have often changed the way we 　　1　　．Some help us to do a job more 　　2　　．Others fill a need or solve a problem．

　　In 1858, Lipman had such an 　　3　　．He took out a pencil, a piece of paper, 　　4　　 an eraser．Then he began to write．Sometimes he needed to 　　5　　 a word．Each time he had to search under his books and papers to 　　6　　 the eraser．“I wish my eraser would stay in one 　　7　　!”he said．

　　Then Lipman had his simple idea．He 　　8　　 a groove(凹槽)in one end of the pencil．He glued(粘牢)the eraser into the groove．Lipman had solved his problem．Later he thought that others might like to have such a pencil．So he sold his 　　9　　．Some pencils with erasers were 　　10　　．His design earned ＄100000．

阅读理解

近年来，素质教育在全国搞的有声有色，各学校开展的活动也丰富多彩，下面的一篇文章让你了解我国素质教育的真谛。

　　To get a good mark in examinations has been regarded as being most important for a student, and it is also what parents always expect their children to do．But is it enough? These days increasing attention has been paid in schools across the country to what is called quality education．It means that a student, besides doing well in exams, should develop his skills in other ways in order to turn himself into a qualified(合格的)graduate of the country．

　　“Quality education”, said Xing Jizu, Party Secretary of the Education Bureau of downtown Hongkou District Shanghai, “aims to help students to gain a high moral(道德的)standard(水平), a strong sense of patriotism(爱国主义), a strong wish for learning, as well as a sound mind and body．

　　“We need reforms(改革)to achieve our goal for quality education,” Mr．Xing Jizu said．He also outlined what they planned．

　　Xing said that the return of Hong Kong to the mainland(大陆)in July 1997, for example, was regarded as a very good chance for educational advance．A lot of related activities were organized at all the schools in Hong Kou．

　　Besides, all schools in the district were advised to set up after-class art or science groups．A students’ art festival is to be held in each school every year．

　　As for physical education, every student is required to have at least one hour of exercise a day．Every year, a sports meeting will take place at each school．

　　Besides, various kinds after-school activities will be organized to help develop the students’ practical(实践的)and social abilities．“What we are doing is by no means weaken(使-变差)the importance of the regular classroom teaching or exam results．” Xing pointed out, “Instead, we hope that through quality education, students can learn more, in less time, in an easy way．Only in this way can we bring up children fit for the bright future of China．”