阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。（每空一词）

One of the most powerful tools you can use to improve your reading comprehension is mind mapping. It is possible to create maps by simply using a pen and paper.

The first step is to draw a circle or box at the center of the page. Inside your shape write down the main idea that your mind map will focus upon. For example , if you were creating a mind map about the geography of the United States , then you would write down “the geography of the United States” in the middle of your page inside your circle.

Next you draw branches from your central idea. Much like a tree grows branches . Simply draw a line moving away from the central theme. In the case of the geography of the United States , you would probably draw 50 lines. Each line represents one of 50 states. These are the main categories(分类) with your primary concept（概念）.

Each of lines can then have branches off of each. These would represent the main example under each category. For example , under the line titled, “ Texas,” you would find lines called Austin, Houston, and Dallas, you might draw a series of lines to represent some of its main sections like “ South Dallas” and “ Highland Park” .

You continue to draw your mind map much like the structure of branches on a tree. Mind map helps improve your comprehension because they enable you to quickly see relationships between main ideas, categories , examples, and details that might otherwise be missed if you use more traditional note taking strategies(策略).

The most      1.  tool to improve reading comprehension
2.   of the tool	Mind map
Steps of making mind map	★ Draw a circle or box in the middle of the page. ★ Write the theme    3.   the circle that you want to focus on. ★ Draw branches from the central idea, for example , if you   4.   “ the geography of America” in the central circle or the box, the branches can be 50 lines represent 50    5.    of the  6.  . ★ Go on    7.  lines from each of the 50 lines    8.   the details under each state…
Advantages of making  mind map	★Enable you more quickly to find the    9.   between main idea and other details  10.    traditional note taking ways.

 

 

Here is the content （目录）of a book.

Unit	Readings	Skills	Words
Unit 1 Music	*Music & Feelings *Sad movies	*Understanding main ideas *Predicting by title	*Kinds of Music *Music stars
Unit 2 Sports	*National Sports *The ancient Olympic Games	*Understanding main ideas *Guessing meaning of new words	*Action verbs *Names of sports Sports tools
Unit 3 Weather	*Weather service *Weather and nature	*Understanding main ideas *Guessing meaning of new words	*Weather conditions *Weather information
Unit 4 Culture	*Travelling in India *Body language in the United States	*Understanding main ideas *Predicting by title *Making inferences	*Cultural studies *Culture and art
Unit 5 Space	*Living in space *The planets	*Understanding main ideas *Understanding attitude	*Space news *Space terms

【小题1】If you’re interested in music, you can read “__________”.

A．National sports

B．Sad movies

C．The planets

D．Weather service

【小题2】You can learn something about weather in _______.

A．Unit 1

B．Unit 2

C．Unit 3

D．Unit 4

【小题3】Words about ________ are in Unit 5.

A．music stars

B．weather conditions

C．sports tools

D．space news

【小题4】If you like culture, you can read “__________”.

A．Living in space	B．Travelling in India
C．Music & Feelings	D．The ancient Olympic Games

【小题5】In all the units, you can learn the skill of _________.

A．predicting by title	B．understanding attitude
C．understanding main ideas	D．guessing meaning of new words

Good writing starts with good ideas. If you write about things that you care about, you will write better. If you write about things that you don’t care about, you’ll be bored and your paper will not have many good ideas.
Once you have a good idea, the next step is organization (组织). Think through your paper before you start. Write an outline. You need to know what your main points are before you start your first paragraph. Use 2-4 main points, one paragraph each.
In your central paragraphs, be concise and specific（简洁具体）. Give examples with details, not just general ideas. If you can say the same thing with fewer words, do it! Don’t use big words.
When you finish writing, look at your outline again. Did you really follow it or did it change as you wrote? Many times you find different ideas as you write. Look at your central paragraphs. What are their main ideas now? Are theses ideas in the introduction? I often write the introduction again to fit the paper after I finish writing.
【小题1】What is the 1^st step for a good writing?

A．Think through your paper before you start.

B．Write a good 1st paragraph.

C．Have a good idea.

D．Look for many examples.

【小题2】What does the word “outline” mean in the 2^nd paragraph?

A．外形

B．提纲

C．中心

D．总结

【小题3】What should you do in the central paragraph?
A. Don’t use big words.
B. Give examples with details.
C. Say the same thing with fewer words.
D. A, Band C.
【小题4】What should you do after finishing writing?
A. Look at your outline again.
B. Check the mistakes.
C. Look at your central paragraph again.
D. Both A and C.

Here is the content （目录）of a book.

Unit	Readings	Skills	Words
Unit 1 Music	*Music & Feelings *Sad movies	*Understanding main ideas *Predicting by title	*Kinds of Music *Music stars
Unit 2 Sports	*National Sports *The ancient Olympic Games	*Understanding main ideas *Guessing meaning of new words	*Action verbs *Names of sports Sports tools
Unit 3 Weather	*Weather service *Weather and nature	*Understanding main ideas *Guessing meaning of new words	*Weather conditions *Weather information
Unit 4 Culture	*Travelling in India *Body language in the United States	*Understanding main ideas *Predicting by title *Making inferences	*Cultural studies *Culture and art
Unit 5 Space	*Living in space *The planets	*Understanding main ideas *Understanding attitude	*Space news *Space terms

1.If you’re interested in music, you can read “__________”.

A．National sports     B．Sad movies        C．The planets        D．Weather service

2.You can learn something about weather in _______.

A．Unit 1            B．Unit 2            C．Unit 3            D．Unit 4

3.Words about ________ are in Unit 5.

A．music stars        B．weather conditions C．sports tools        D．space news

4.If you like culture, you can read “__________”.

A．Living in space                         B．Travelling in India

C．Music & Feelings                        D．The ancient Olympic Games

5.In all the units, you can learn the skill of _________.

A．predicting by title                       B．understanding attitude

C．understanding main ideas                 D．guessing meaning of new words

 

Tony Buzan’s grades were going down at university. Disappointed with his low marks, he went to the library to find a book on how to use his brain. He was directed to the medical section. Confused, he said to the librarian, “I don’t want to take my brain out, I just want to learn how to use it.” Her reply was simple: “There’s no book on that.”

“I thought to myself,” says Buzan, “if I buy a little radio, I get an instruction manual (说明书). If I buy a microwave, I get an instruction manual. But for the most important machine in the world, no instruction manual?”

Fifty years later, Buzan has become the world’s leading speaker on the brain and learning. In the late 1960s, he invented the mind map, a visual representation of thought processes.

This kind of thinking has become a popular tool for planning, organizing, problem solving, and communicating across the world. He has since authored and co-authored over 100 books that have appeared in more than 30 languages.

“I think in most cases, people use less than 1 percent of their brains,” he says.

But how do you expand this 1 percent? How do you become the best student you can be?

According to Buzan, the answer is simple. You take a section of whatever it is that you are trying to learn, he says, and you read it for its essence (精髓、要素). Then you make a mind map of all the important details. For a truly effective mind map, you start with a colored image in the center of your page. Draw the first image that comes to mind on the topic you are mind mapping. Branch off from your central image and create one of your main ideas. From your main branches draw some sub-branches and from those sub-branches you can draw even more branches. He emphasizes that you should use plenty of images and colors as these help with memory recall and encourage creativity.

By using this visual format (形式), according to Buzan, your mind will begin to make associations that will help you remember more information for longer periods of time.

Buzan believes that traditional note-taking methods, such as lists and summaries, do not stimulate the brain’s recall capacity or ability in the same way. Because of this, students will often find themselves locked away in their rooms for hours, trying hard to memorize separate details. Buzan believes that for a more effective and lasting way of studying, you must first understand how your brain works.

“Everyone is born smart,” he says. “You just have to learn how to learn.”

1.What is the main purpose of the first two paragraphs?

A．To show that Tony Buzan was worried about his study.

B．To invite us to think about the importance of manuals.

C．To prove that the mind map is a useful tool for the brain.

D．To show why Tony Buzan studies the brain and learning.

2.What does the word “stimulate” mean in the passage?

A．Excite.            B．Improve.          C．Encourage.        D．Affect.

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A．If we learn the mind map, we will become the best student.

B．The mind map will help your brain connect separate details.

C．The mind map will be more effective if we put more details in it.

D．We will solve the problem if we make connections between ideas.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A．How to make the mind map?

B．Is the mind map widely used?

C．Can your memory be mapped?

D．Is the mind map helpful in thinking?