BEING an astronaut sounds cool, doesn't it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating in zero gravity(重力).

However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can't do because of their weightless environment, and that's very sad. What's worse, they can't even let their sadness show, because it's impossible to cry in zero gravity.

Of course, astronauts can still produce tears. But crying is much more difficult in space, according to The Atlantic(大西洋月刊) in January. Without gravity, tears don't flow(流动) down out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go-they just stick(粘) to your eyes.

In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. "Tears," he said, "don't fall off of your eyes...They just kind of stay there."

Besides making your vision(视线)unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that's not the case in space. The space environment dries out astronauts' eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. "My right eye is stinging(刺痛) like crazy," Feustel told his teammate during the walk.

Since gravity doesn't work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of（除去） the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe(擦) the tears away. Another choice is to just wait-"When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eyes and float around," astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.

There are lots of small things-things like crying-that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space.  There, astronauts can't talk to each other directly. They also can't eat or drink in normal ways. They can't even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up（呕吐）everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.

Therefore, perhaps it's only space explorers who can honestly say: "Gravity, you're the best."

1.From Paragraphs 2 and 3 , we can know that_______.

A．astronauts are unable to feel sad in space

B．astronauts produce fewer tears in space

C．tears produced in space flow down more slowly

D．tears produced in space don't flow downward

2.What effect do tears have on astronauts?

A．They cause physical pain.

B．They bring comfort to them.

C．They make their vision clearer.

D．They float around and cause trouble.

3.The underlined phrase "take them for granted" in paragraph 7 means _______.

A．find them important

B．consider them useless

C．need them during an emergency

D．fail to notice their presence(存在)

4.The second-to-last paragraph (paragraph 7) is mainly about_______.

A．suggestions of how astronauts can stay comfortable in space

B．other basic things that are difficult to do in space

C．why burping is impossible in space

D．things human can't do without gravity

 

中考临近，学习中遇到的问题越来越使同学们产生心里压力,为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题,你们班特意开展了一次以"Less Pressure, Better Study"为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你准备发言稿,谈谈你的一些缓解学习压力的好办法,与同学分享,内容包括:

●我在学习中遇到的让我产生压力的问题

如：It’s hard to work out math problems./ I can’t spell some English words correctly. ……

●  我如何缓解我的压力

如：listen to music/go shopping/go to movies ……

要求：1.词数100左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数;

2.要点完整、层次清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯。

注意：文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。

Less Pressure, Better Study

Hello, boys and girls!

Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world. Students in our class are under too much pressure._____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________

That’s all. Thank you!

小词典 defense防御    electronics 电子学   garage 车库   hire 雇佣   judo 柔道   NPC全国人民代表大会    opponent 对手   premier 总理     puzzle迷惑 release 发布消息   rejoin重返  symbol 标志，符号   statement 申明，报告  technology 工业技术   valuable 有价值的

 

根据下面一篇短文的内容判断下面句子的正误，正确的用“A”表示，错误的用“B”表示。

Tom is a little boy . He is seven .Today his mother takes him to see his uncle. His uncle's home is very far from theirs. So they are going there by bus . There are only twenty people on the bus .They all sit on the seats. Tom is very happy. He is running about on the bus, so his mother says, "Don't run! Sit down,please!"  " I like to see my uncle very much. I want this bus to go faster."Tom says.

1.Tom goes to see his uncle with his mother.

2.Tom's home is very far from his uncle's.

3.Tom and his mother go home by bus.

4.Tom and his mother run on the bus.

5.Tom's mother tells him to sit down.

 

True or False （判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用"T"表示，不符合的用"F"表示）：（7分）

Richard is an exchange student from the USA. He is teaching his friends at Rose Garden School how to play Softball. He is explaining the rules.

Richard:     First, we need a bat, a ball and some bases.

Ben:        What are bases?

Richard:     They are flat squares that show you where to run. After you hit the ball, you have to run around the bases.

If you stand on a base, you are safe. If you are running to a base, and the other team touches the base with the ball, then you are out.

Jennifer:     Oh, I see. How would I hit the ball?

Richard:     Have you seen baseball on television?

Jennifer:     I have.

Richard:     Well, Softball is like baseball, only the ball is bigger and softer too.

Jennifer:     Do you like volleyball? I love it.

Richard:     I like to play beach volleyball. It's different from volleyball.

Ben:        How?

Richard:     In beach volleyball, you only have two people on each team and the court is smaller.                                                                         

Jennifer:     Do you play on the beach?

Richard:     Yes. It’s good because if you dive for the ball, you don’t hurt yourself.

Ben:        Do you play football at your school?

Richard:     Which kind of football?

Jennifer:     I don't understand there more than one kind? I thought everyone play the same kind of football.

Richard:     No. In the USA, we have football and soccer. Soccer is a game that is played around the world.

In other countries, soccer is called football. In the USA, we also play a different game called football.

In this game, you throw the ball and you have to wear a helmet to play.

Jennifer:     Well, I want to play softball.

 

1. The rules for playing softball are nearly the same as those for playing baseball.

2.In a softball game, if your team is running to a base and the other team touches the base with the ball, you are safe.

3.A baseball is smaller and harder than a softball.

4.Richard is teaching his friends how to play softball.

5. According to Richard, playing beach volleyball is much more dangerous than playing volleyball.

6. Jennifer thought that the word 'football' had only one meaning.

7.In the USA, 'soccer' is also called 'football'.

 

阅读下面的文章．完成小题。
城市里的树
王亚田
树是城市的客人，树要在客人家里度过一生。
树的故乡在山林和旷野，那里有鸟语花香，有潺潺溪水，有它们相濡以沫的兄弟姐妹。如果它们的数量足够多，就构成了森林。自从有了城市，树的家族中一部分成员就背井离乡，来到城市的大街小巷。树一到城市，面临的是另一种森林——由高楼大厦构成的丛林。这里没有鸟语花香，只有车水马龙；没有潺潺溪水，只有钢筋水泥。从此，树看不见了土地。
人把自己弄得彻底与大地隔绝，而树永远需要脚踏实地。但是在城市水泥、柏油、砖块把土地覆盖．像古代犯人脖子上的枷板，把树干和树根隔开。水、泥，这是多么柔软的两个字眼，但组合成一个词时，就成为最坚硬的一种东西。城市的路面是不吸水的，每到下大点的雨，雨水便会沿路面滚滚而下，流进下水道，而不是树根，我就想树渴了怎么办？它会不会渴死呢，因为有了坚固的路面。城市的树也就不会“落叶归根”，树把叶子生出来，但叶子却找不到根，它们随风而飘，就像丢失的找不到父母的孩子。
人们不会给一棵树起一个名字，树总是以类的名义而存在，比如梧桐、白杨、松柏，其实每棵树也像每个人一样是不同的。城市的树不能像山林里的树那样自由生长，经常会被修剪，砍去旁逸斜出的枝条．这种修剪不是为了让树成材，而是嫌那些多余的枝条碍事。但修剪是人的事，而长成什么样子是树的事，现在的树与一千年前的树没有什么区别，但现在的人与一千年前的人已大不一样，绝大多数人都在按照别人的意志生活。
城市的树身上，经常贴满了办证电话、招聘启事、治病广告。每天上班路上，就可以看到一排梧桐树，每棵树上都密密麻麻地写上了各种电话号码，有的树干上电话能达到一二十个。树不但承受着污染，有时还得承受疼痛。经常会看到有的树上都钉进了钉子，上面挂着拖把，应该是路旁的几家小店干的。他们把自家店面拖得干干净净，却把拖把挂在了树上。
在我上班路上有一家花店就是如此干的，看着那些美丽的鲜花，突然觉得美和丑，距离竟是如此的近。
城市的道路不断在拓宽，而每次拓宽道路对树来说都可能是一次灾难，因为道路拓宽后原来在路边的树就处于了路蹭，这些树要么被砍伐，要么被重新移到新道路的边上，反正树永远只能靠边站。但是人挪活，树挪死。树被移动后，等于经历了一场浩劫，它枝头上原先的枝条要被全部砍掉，这就像一个得了重病的人做化疗、放疗后会失去一头的秀发。记得电视上介绍过山西的一个小城，一条主干道的中央长着一棵粗壮的古树，人流车流都绕着这棵树走。这是我见过的（而且是在电视上）唯一一棵长在路中间的树。我在想，这座城市当年修这条路时，可能有关部门对这棵树的去留进行过激烈的争论，最终他们决定留下这棵树，因为这棵树的年龄比这座城市里所有的人、建筑都要老。一瞬间我竟然有一种感动，觉得这个城市的人真伟大。
树在城市，一生过得伤痕累累。有一次在一个省会城市，我看见一棵合抱粗的梧桐树，被一辆满载货物的卡车拦腰撞断。从卡车头部凹进去的深度，能想象到当时的速度和冲击力。生活中，我常常发现一些善良、正直的人受到伤害，很长时间我想不通这是为什么。看见这棵被撞断的树后，我想通了，善良而正直的人与善良而正直的树有同样的遭遇，因为善良，他们都手无寸铁，虽然他们不会伤害别人，但别人却有可能欺负他们，而且由于善良者不善反击，那些欺负他们的人更可能有恃无恐，恶人反倒无人敢惹。因为正直，他们都不会弯曲和躲闪。伤害来临，会受伤更重。
我每天都会看见树，看见树的时候常常眼睛发潮，总是充满伤感。城市里的树就像进城的农民工，无依无靠。它们受尽委屈，却毫无怨言，受尽伤害，却充满宽容。树最终会原谅这一切，它必须在城里活下去。与世无争的树，笑看忙碌的人类，不知它们能看懂不？走在大街上，我看到所有的东西几乎都与钱有关，商店、饭店、银行、汽车、人流、叫卖声，只有树与利益无关。树只与阳光和土地发生联系。也许正因为树不产生效益，所以它们很多时候生活在人们的视线之外，人们漠视树，与漠视空气一样严重。其实树在城市完全是为人民服务的。树给人的很多，人给树的很少．但是似乎并没有多少人真正对树心存感激。如果城市没有树，只有柏油马路、钢筋水泥、高楼大厦，那么城市将会是多么地坚硬和干枯。正是树摇曳的身姿、葱笼的绿意．给了我们温柔、诗意、生动和美。
树一辈子站在一个地方，一动不动，不言不语，一世沉默。你如果与一棵树交上朋友，它会永远站在那里等你。
【小题1】为什么说“树是城里的客人”，文章在一开始就点明“树是城市的客人”有什么作用？（6分）
【小题2】结合上下文，解释下列句子的含义（4分）
①现在的树与一千年前的树没有什么区别，但现在的人与一千年前的人已大不一样。
②这个城市的人真伟大。
【小题3】作者说“我每天都会看见树，看见树的时候常常眼睛发潮，总是充满伤感”，原因是什么？（6分）
【小题4】有人说，本文表面上是写城里的树，实质上却是写进城务工的农民。对此，你的看法如何？请阐述理由。（6分）