阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
针挑土（芳菲）
从湘西回来，和朋友们说起黑妮；说起在凤凰的偶遇，说起跟她去苗寨跑了一天，看她做的种种事，感慨得很；说想起一句记不全的俗语，“什么什么像针挑土，什么什么像水推沙”，黑妮就是在针挑土；黑妮！黑妮……
一说起黑妮，脑子里一边浮现她朴素清瘦的样子，不知为什么有隐隐的心疼。凤凰是她的故乡，但和我们这些外人在一起，倒是她有几分害羞腼腆。黑妮如今工作、居住在意大利，做湘西扶贫工作的时间不短了。最初是一帮一地助学，先后帮了几十个孩子。前些年申请到一笔经费，设计了“湘援游”这个项目。如今每年都会回来几趟，带来游人，带来捐款；关键是，耐心地、苦口婆心地，教苗族妇女如何保存她们优美的刺绣艺术。“负责任的旅游”，听黑妮说，这一旅游概念正在欧洲兴起，它强调旅行者对目的地生存和文化的责任，在旅游资费中，捐出一部分作为扶持当地可持续发展的基金。
黑妮就在其中做穿针引线的工作。
她在大山里找出苗族传统文化仍保持良好的村寨，从房屋构造、村寨形态、人伦礼仪……最后落实到妇女们的苗绣——这是可以直接带来经济效益的活计。传统苗绣缤纷五彩，灵动有情，但如今在慢慢地退化、消失，机器绣品在泛滥。黑妮，就要跟她们一遍遍地讲，什么是好，什么是不好，不要跟着外面转，要相信你们的祖母和母亲，看着眼前的山水，怀着美好的心愿，做自己创造性的苗绣。
那天，我们上午去的是老家寨，一路颠簸，开了一个多小时，我已经在揪着心开始晕车了。最后步行20分钟进寨。在山间步行其实是美好的，暖暖的冬阳，弯弯曲曲镶嵌在田野中的蛮石路，清新的空气，收割干净的田野……老家寨的妇女已得知黑妮要来，身着节日服装的她们已经聚集等候，先用快乐的迎客歌在院子里欢迎，然后进屋拿出各自的绣品，等黑妮来评判。
看样子情况不乐观。黑妮没有面露喜色，也没有愠色。她还是那么一字一句、认真地批评她们：“这个不好，一看就是跟机器学的。”“这个线不好，要用棉线。我们这次带了些来。”……
黑妮，你这是在做什么？我站在院子里看着这一幕情景，有点发懵。她从那么远跑来,又跑了这么久的山路,就是想通过几句温和的话塑造她们对美和丑的观念吗?堂屋壁板上贴满各种画片,是这个家的装饰墙,也好似所有外来影响的象征:正中一张有些陈旧的毛主席像,把一个更陈旧的大红双喜字贴去了一大半,左边是海南风光照,右边是明星李小龙的赤身拳照,两个胖娃娃图片,一幅小小的西洋画《泉》。
下午去另一个苗寨，又是近两小时车程。“这一个绣得比较好，就是村寨的形态不如老家寨，建了些新房。”黑妮对一个个目的地都很了解。等到回程，太阳已经有倦容了。
晚上我们在沱江边吉夫开的咖啡馆休息聊天。吉夫是湘援游志愿者，今天一路一直是他提着大包的棉线。黑妮的湘援游，就是靠这些当地的志愿者，不取一毫地付出，才运作起来。今天开车的“李万通”，也有自己的公司。
咖啡馆的壁挂上有一个插页，取下一看，是凤凰手绘地图，封面图案取自传统苗绣，那五彩灵动的喜鹊，我看得呆了一下，原来这样好。地图10元一份，买下可算对湘援游的支持，还可得一枚徽章作奖励。我想了想，红着脸买了四份，说回去送朋友。素静的黑妮眼睛亮了。老天！
这有什么用！我心里说。
有没有用，真不知道，但我忘不掉他们。我查了针挑土的俗语，原来是这样说的：“成家好似针挑土，败家好似水推沙”，“赚钱好似针挑土，花钱好似水推沙”，一下把我的心挑亮了！既然世世代代，要成就一件事都这样难，从来就这样难，那么，以难易成败来衡量黑妮们的行为，有什么意义呢？且写下这一短文，送上对她的祝福吧。
（有删改）
【小题1】“黑妮就在其中做穿针引线的工作”一句单独成段，联系全文，谈谈作者这样写的用意，以及你对这句话的理解。（6分）
【小题2】解释下列两句话在文中的含义。（4分）
(1) 等到回程，太阳已经有倦容了。
(2) 素静的黑妮眼睛亮了。
【小题3】文中反复出现的“针挑土”有哪些丰富的内涵？（6分）
【小题4】面对黑妮的“针挑土”行为，“我”表现出怎样复杂的情感态度？以“我”的见闻和感慨组织文章，有哪些作用？（6分）

>【题文】[二] （20分）
请等等落在身后的灵魂
麦 家
我曾养过两只狗。一只是朋友送的，德牧，名门血统，姿态高贵，仪表堂堂。我不敢慢待，每天都用上好的骨肉款待，有时还喂羊汤、牛奶。渐渐地，它除了精肉细骨一概不食，包括龙骨和猪皮。到后来，它学会了挑食精中之精，细中之细，超市买来的高价狗粮，它甚至懒得瞄上一眼，就像娇生惯养的小姐，或是满腹怨气的贵妇。而我分明从它慵懒冷漠的眼神里，看到了它深彻的不满和厚重的怨气。
另外一只是我在部队时养的狼狗。那时，我任务繁重，只能粗生粗养，想起了给他丢点剩饭菜，想不起就任他自生自灭，日子长了，我突然发现，我慢待的不是皱纹、芦苇或其他，我慢待的是真诚，真诚的朋友。这位朋友只需一碗粗粝的糙米饭，加上一点点肉末或油腥，就能令他开心、快乐，令他为我们的“友情”雀跃，神采奕奕，奔跑如风。
我讲他们的事，不是为了纪念，为了纪念不是这种写法；当然也不是为了板起脸做批判，那很无趣，甚至是傻。我只是想陈述一个道理，这个道理司马光讲过，他说由俭入奢易，由奢入俭难。说得很对，但还不够，远远不够。这不是司马光的问题，而是陈述的问题，是陈述的主旨和陈述本身。其出发点滥觞于我的情绪，一种红色的情绪，一种自找的情绪。
它叫做沮丧。
我时常感到沮丧，因为现在这个时代与我的愿望是有距离的，物质的过分泛滥（强势）和情感的过于复杂，歪曲、掩盖、抽离了太多东西，包括真理。我们至深的需要不过如冬日的阳光一般和煦、简单，但总有人，太多人，喜欢顶着烈日，化身飞蛾，投向华丽的火焰，以趋之若鹜或奋发图强。我的沮丧不是因为灭亡，相反，人们学会了极端地展览生存，却同样极端地遗忘了幸福之根本——何止是人，我的德牧就是这样在高标准的物质生活中学会了痛苦，而狼狗却在无声处，给了我莫大的温暖和幽远的感悟。
是的，幸福必须是单纯的，单纯一点，欲望就可以少一点。有句成语叫做欲壑难填，是无上智慧：欲望就是个永远无法满足的东西，如同多米诺骨牌，打开一扇门，紧接着其他的门跟着就打开了。而绝大部分欲望是无用的，只会让你的生活变得复杂，一复杂就会茫然。太多现代人少了思考，很多问题他们是不问的，生活节奏太快，没有时间去问。人们总是在不停地往前冲，以为前面有很多东西在等待我们，其实，很多东西是在我们身后。我们是应该停下来等一等被我们落在身后的灵魂。
该知道，满足欲望的最好方式就是关闭欲望之门。该知道，“本来无一物，何处惹尘埃”。（选自2010年7月23日《今晚报》）
【小题1】．说说题目“请等等落在身后的灵魂”的含义。（4分）
                                                               。
【小题2】．作者讲述德牧和狼狗故事的作用是什么？（4分）
                                                                                          
【小题3】．结合语境谈谈，为什么说“我的沮丧不是因为灭亡”，而是“人们学会了极端地展览生存，却同样极端地遗忘了幸福之根本”？（4分）
                                                                                           
【小题4】．文中划线的句子运用了          的论证方法，作者以此论证                
                           的道理。（4分）
【小题5】．读了本文，你是否同意作者的观点？请阐述理由。（4分）
                                                                   
                                                                   

阅读《甘露的秘密》，回答问题。（6分）
蚂蚁和蚜虫的关系简直可以说是亲密无间的，有时候，你会看到一群蚂蚁背着蚜虫川流不息地跑来跑去，那是蚂蚁在给蚜虫搬家。当蚜虫在一片植物上大肆蚕食，只剩下残茎败叶之后，蚂蚁就把这群祸害转移到另一处食物充足的地方去，使蚜虫能够饱食终日，好排泄出更多的蚜蜜来。在蚂蚁搬家的时候，也不会丢下为它提供美餐的好朋友不管。确定了新居之后，小蚂蚁就会把蚜虫一个一个搬到附近的植物上去。蚂蚁不仅是蚜虫的“卫士”，还是蚜虫的“保姆”。冬天临近了，雌蚜排出了一个个越冬卵。蚂蚁很担心这些卵会被冻坏，便不辞劳苦地把它一个个搬到外面晾晒，晒完后再搬回巢去。到了次年早春，蚜卵孵化了，这下又忙坏了小蚂蚁，它又主动承担了喂养小蚜虫的任务。直到春暖花开，蚂蚁又把小蚜虫一个个搬出洞来，放到植物上，让它去啃食鲜嫩的茎叶，以便自己从它的屁股后面捞取一点蚜蜜。（选自《中学生必读文库》）
【小题1】文中起过渡作用的句子是：（2分）
________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】蚂蚁是蚜虫的保姆，它作为保姆要为蚜虫做哪几件事？（3分）
________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】从全文看，捞取一词体现了作者对蚂蚁怎样的态度？（1分）
________________________________________________________________________

The Guidance Department （教导处）at Berryville High School has a staff of eleven teachers. Most of their work is done with the students. But the staff sees a lot of parents, too.
“Parents meetings make clear monthly diagram（图表）.”says Mildred Freman, head of the Guidance. “This diagram stays much the same from year to year. The busy months are October, March and May. ”
September, the beginning of a new school year, starts rather slowly. Few parents come in. Most of these want to talk about the schedules. October brings many problems caused by some students. Some parents are called in. Others come by themselves. Things quiet down in November. December is a quiet month. “It’s the holiday. ”Ms Foreman says, “People want to come in, I know, but they decide to wait until after New Year’s Day.”
Report cards go home just before Christmas holidays. Bad marks bring parents in as school opens again. This happens again in March, another report card month. May is always the year’s busiest month. That’s when parents begin to think that their children may be asked to stay in the same grade again. They come in to see if anything can be done before things are decided in June.
【小题1】The teachers in the Guidance Department usually ______.

A．do most of their work for the students

B．answer all the questions from parents

C．help other teachers get along with students and parents

D．only bring report cards to students and parents

【小题2】In December parents usually ______.

A．stay at home with their children for their holidays

B．wait for the teachers to bring report cards to their children

C．wouldn’t like to visit the teachers in the Guidance Department

D．let teachers have a good rest during their holidays

【小题3】Why do some parents come to school in March? Because ______.

A．they want to see their children’s teachers after Christmas holidays

B．they are called by the teachers of Guidance Department

C．bad marks have them do it

D．it’s the beginning of a new school year

【小题4】Which of the following is Right?

A．In June the school decides who will stay in the same grade again.

B．Almost all the parents come to meet Mildred Foreman every month.

C．April is also the second busiest month for the staff.

D．The parents help to do most of the work for the staff.

通过这几单元的学习，你的阅读能力一定有较大的提高。下面的阅读理解题也一定难不住你呀！试一试！

　　Jane is only four and doesn't go to school. Her grandpa was a teacher and now stays at home. He teaches the girl to read and write. The girl studies hard and learned a lot. She can count from one to one hundred, read some picture books and write the name of her family. Her parents are happy and often show it to others. People often praise (夸奖) her for it.

　　Once Mrs. Black took her daughter to a birthday party. The guests(客人) praised a rich woman's boy. Mrs. Black askad him a few questions, but all his answers were wrong. Jane began to laugh at him. The rich woman was angry. She told her friend, a teacher, to ask the girl some questions, but the girl answered all. The teacher was surprised and thought for a while. Then she asked, “There're three flies (苍蝇) on a table. How many will be left if I kill one?”

　　“One”, answered Jane.

　　“You're wrong,”called out the fat woman.“All of them fly away.”

　　“Don't you think a dead fly can fly, madam?” asked the little girl.

　　The guests began to laugh and the woman's face turned red.

(1)Jane can read and write because ________.

[　　]

A．her grandpa was a teacher

B．she wants to go to school

C．she likes to read the picture-books

D．she's a very clever girl

(2)The guests praised the boy that day because ________.

[　　]

A．he knew much

B．his mother was rich

C．he could answer their questions

D．they went to his birthday party

(3)________, the woman was angry.

[　　]

A．Her son couldn't answer the questions

B．Mrs. Black didn't think the boy clever

C．Jane looked down upon (看不起) her son

D．Jane didn't praise her son

(4)Which of the following is true? ________

[　　]

A．It was hard for Jane to answer all the teacher's question.

B．The woman asked Jane a few difficult questions.

C．The boy was cleverer than Jane.

D．The rich woman had to think Jane was clever.

(5)The woman's face turned red because ________.

[　　]

A．she thought her son was clever

B．the little girl laughed at her son

C．the teacher didn't help her

D．Jane's question got her into trouble