When the weather is hot, you go to a lake or an ocean. When you are nears lake or an ocean, you feel cool. Why? The sun makes the ear& hot, but it cannot make the water very hot. Although the air over the earth becomes hot, the air over the water keeps cool. The hot air over the earth goes up. Then the cool air over the water moves in and takes the place of the hot air. When you are near a lake or an ocean, you feel the cool air. When it moves in, you feel the wind. And the wind makes you cool. Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions, ff you ask, "Why is the ocean full of salt?", scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks (裂开). Rain falls into the cracks .The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean?" The ocean does not get more salty every year. Scientists are not sure about the answer to the question. We know a lot　about our world. But there are still many answers that we don't have, and we are curious(好奇的).

1. Now scientists know_______

A. what makes people feel cool near a lake or an ocean in summer

B. everything about the ocean

C. why the ocean doesn't get more salty

D. what happens to the salt in the ocean

2. In this passage the word "cracks" means _______in Chinese.

A. 山谷       B.裂缝       C. 地壳     D. 岩浆

3. Which of the following is not true?

  A. The sun makes the earth hot.

  B. The sun cannot make the water very hot.

  C. The wind makes you tout.

  D. The hot air over the water moves in and takes the place of the cold air

4. People are always curious about the world because______

A. they know nothing about it      

B. they know little about it

C. there are many answers they do not have     

D. both. A and B

5. The main idea of this passage is that ______

A. the salt in the ocean comes from rocks

B. scientists can explain (解释) everything we want to know

C. people feel cool when they are near a lake or an ocean

D. scientists can explain many things, but not everything

 

The air pollution was so bad in Harbin, in China, on October 21,2013 that the city had to close roads and schools, and cancel* hundreds of flights from its airport.

News reports said the smog (a mixture of smoke and fog) was so thick that people couldn’t see more than 10 or 20 metres in front of them.

It is also said that people could not even see the person standing next to them. The city’s website said: “You can’t see your own fingers in front of you.”

The local people said there was a “burning” smell in the air. Many people covered their noses and mouths with scarves or masks*.

The pollution was caused on several factors* including: farmers burning off old corn stalks* and crop stubble*; coal*-fired heating systems; and low winds that allowed the smoke to remain over the city.

The smog had been building up for several days. It became worse when the city turned on the public heating system, which uses coal to heat millions of homes and offices in the city.

Harbin has a population of more than 10 million people. It lies in northeastern China, where cold winter weather can last up to six months. The main fuel* there is coal, because it is cheaper than other types of fuel.

Air pollution from burning coal can cause health problems like heart disease. During the smog crisis* in Harbin, the number of people taken to the hospital with breathing problems was 30% higher than usual.

The city government is trying to reduce its use of coal by adding more insulation* and better roofs and windows to buildings to reduce heating needs. It has also used cleaner fuel for cars and factories.

1.The roads and schools in Harbin had to be closed on October 21, 2013 because of  ____

A. the heavy rain   B. the strong wind  C. the serious smog  D.  the terrible snow        

2.There are many reasons for the air pollution EXCEPT____________.

A. farmers burn off old corn stalks and crop stubble                   

B. people use coal to heat millions of homes and offices

C. The smoke remains over the city   because of low winds

D. Many buses and cars use cleaner fuel and so do factories.

3. What is the government trying to do when the air pollution get worse?

A. To offer cars new fuel.                          

B. To give people more masks.

C. To reduce its use of coal.               

D. To ask people to stay at home.

4.What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. The serious air pollution in China   

B. Coal-fired heating systems

C. The population crisis in Harbin      

D. The reasons for heart disease

 

Antarctica is the highest continent on Earth，with the coldest temperatures anti the most wind．People have never wanted to live there because it is so cold．The（A）_________ temperature once was －89.2℃! But now scientists from all over the world come to study the ice．They want to（B）learn more about the Earth's history．

Some scientists live on Antarctica for part of the year．But they don't usually stay there for more than six months．Why? There are six months of light and six months of darkness .

Antarctica usually has a good deal of fine weather（C）_________any wind at all．The strong winds are usually only in seine parts of it. It is also interesting to learn that it isn't very wet there（D）There is very little snow or rain．It snows on the ice Ill winter，but at other times Antarctica is dry，just like the Sahara Desert

    In winter the sea around Antarctica （E）changes into ice for thousands of kilometers．But scientists tell us that（F）地球在变暖．So in future，there may be less ice ill the Antarctic sea When that happens．our weather will never be the same again．

1．分别在A和C的空白处各填入一个适当的词：

2．写出可以替换划线部分B和E的同义词或近义词：

3．将划线部分D改写成__________  __________ snow or rain alot．

4．将划线部分F译成英语

5．写出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词语：

No one can change the weather. Nobody can control the weather. But if we read correctly the signs around us, we can tell what the more important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting.
For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. That many people feel their joints(关节) hurt is a sign of wet weather. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then the following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come.
Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
【小题1】Which of the following can be used here to replace(取代) the underlined phrase “on the way”?

A．away	B．gone
C．disappearing	D．coming

【小题2】When you see the stars twinkle clearly at night, the weather will be_________.

A．warm	B．rainy
C．clear and fine	D．cold

【小题3】Which of the following signs can tell the weather will probably be rainy?

A．A rainbow appears in the morning.

B．Some birds fly high.

C．The stars twinkle clearly at night.

D．Fogs appear in the morning just above a river.

【小题4】Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A．Nobody can control the weather.

B．If the sunset is red in colour, then the next day will be fine.

C．If many people feel their joints hurt, it may be a sign of wet weather.

D．People only use their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.

【小题5】Which of the following sentences can suitable according to the passage?

A．活到老，学到老。	B．朝霞不出门，晚霞行千里。
C．早起的鸟儿捉虫多.	D．一日之计在于晨。