A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease following operation．They found that people who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi’s “The Four Seasons” did much better on language ability tests than without music．

　　“Facts suggest that exercise improve the leaning ability of people with heart disease,” said the psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study．“And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding．We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added．

　　The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after working out with or without the music．But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise．Scientists have proved that music can be good for health, education and well-being．It helps reduce stress, sadness and nervousness, encourage relaxation or sleep; wakes up the body and improve memory and thought．

　　In medical fields, music is used widely for patients who have had head hurts before and after operation．“The Four Seasons” was used because of its moderate tempo(舒缓的节拍)and positive results in earlier research．“ Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system(神经系统)and these changes may have a direct result on learning ability,” Emery said．

　　Scientists have been studying the results of music on understanding since the early 1950s．By 1990, psychologists were using Mozart’s music, especially his violin pieces, to help children with speech disorders．Mozart’s was chosen because his music is not over-exciting and has clear structures．A study showed students who listened to Mozart went to score higher marks in an intelligence test．With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music．But now you have good reasons to argue with them．

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(阅读理解)

Which is better, Radio or Television?

About fifty years ago, when television first came out, people thought that radio was no longer useful. Television has both sounds（声音） and pictures. It is much more real and interesting to watch television than to listen to the radio.

However, fifty years later radio is still very popular and it will be here for a long time. One reason is that we don’t need to see pictures when we listen to the music on the radio. In fact, listening with your eyes closed is the best way to listen to a piece of music. You can think yourself on a sandy beach or up high on a mountain. In other words, you can create (make) your own pictures.

Moreover, while listening to the radio, you don’t have to take your eyes off your work. For example, you can listen to the radio and drive at the same time. Or you can read a book and listen to the radio. Televlsion, on the other hand, doesn’t have this advantage（优势）.

A radio is much smaller than a television. You can take a radio anywhere and turn it on anytime you want. In a quiet place you can use headphones to listen to the news or music on the radio. In this way（用这种方式） you won't disturb（打扰） anybody. Moreover, a radio is much cheaper than a television. For less than \$20 you can buy a small radio and have fun with it.

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