Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in a little town in France. As he grew up, he loved to paint. He loved to look at the world around him. When he went to college in Paris, he showed interest in looking through a microscope. A microscope makes things look a lot bigger; it lets you see things you can’t see just with your eyes. Looking through a microscope, Pasteur found a living world in a drop of water. He saw and drew pictures of the small living things －he called them “microbes” or “germs”－that crowded in a drop of water.

    One day a winemaker came into the lab, hoping that someone could help him with his problem. “Sometimes my wine tastes delicious, but sometimes it turns sour（酸的）,” he said to Pasteur. “Can you help me find out why?”

    Pasteur put some drops of the wine under the microscope. He noticed that the sour wine had some unusual germs. If he killed these germs, maybe he could keep the wine from turning sour. He experimented （试验）with different ways to kill the germs. In the end he found heating （加热）the wine seemed to work best. The winemaker tried it, and every bottle of wine tasted good.

    Pasteur’s idea worked for other people, too. When farmers heated milk, it didn’t sour so quickly. When breweries （啤酒师）heated beer, it tasted better. People called the process （过程）“pasteurization” － heating a liquid to kill bad germs. Aren’t you glad that the milk you drink has been pasteurized?

  1. What does the passage mainly tell us?

    A. What life Louis Pasteur lived.

    B. How to make milk clean.

    C. How pasteurization was invented.

    D. What to do with wine.

  2. The underlined （划线）words in the passage mean _______.

    A. small parts water is made up of

    B. dirty things around us

    C. bodies of small living things

    D. living things that can’t be seen

  3. What do you think Louis Pasteur was like from the passage?

    A. Clever, helpful and hard-working.

    B. Quiet, helpful, and kind-hearted.

    C. Brave, careful and hard-working.

    D. Clever, serious and kind-hearted.

  4. Which of the following sentences is true?

    A. Where something is wrong, there are germs.

    B. Louis Pasteur is the inventor of microscopes.

    C. Everybody knows what the word PASTEURIZED means.

    D. Pasteurization is a good way to keep food from going bad.

Much meaning can be carried, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he notices that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.

The same in daily life! If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward others’ stare（盯着）with you that way. Eyes do speak, right?

Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite or even rude. But things are different when it comes to stare at the opposite sex. If a man look at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away from his looking, his purpose is obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her.

However, the normal eye contact for two people during a conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what his friend is speaking, to tell him that he is interested.

If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to control you, you will feel uncomfortable. We usually find a poor liar（说谎者）looking too long at the victim, because he believes that it is a sign of honest communication to look straight in the eye. Totally wrong!

In fact, continuous eye contact only happens between lovers, who will enjoy looking at each other gently for a long time, to show feelings that words cannot express. Obviously, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the proper situation.