Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares—bad dreams that frighten us.

Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud published a book called “The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams” in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn’t believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people’s brains while they are sleeping.

Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).

Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.

请根据短文内容，选择最佳答案, 将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）

1. Dreams _________.   

A. are remembered by everyone

B. express all that we think in our mind

C. include few senses and things we touch

D. are sometimes nightmares that repeat and frighten us

2. A book on dreaming was published by _________.

A. Sigmund Freud        B. Robert Stickgold      C. Carl Jung   D. the writer

3. In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.

A. believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face

B. think dreams always hide someone’s feelings about sex or aggression

C. study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas

D. have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want

4. From the passage, we know that _________.

A. Jung thought that dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are sleeping

B. Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people’s hidden feelings

C. scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains

D. other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions

5.Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?

A. The Explanations of Dreams         B. The Ways of Dreams

C. The Solutions to Dreams            D. The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming

 

 

We use the Internet for many things: business, shopping, writing letters, talking to people, finding information, and so on. In recent years, a new kind of English has grown on the Internet. There’s no real word for it yet, so we’ll call it e-talk. People don’t like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases (短语) into a few letters called acronyms(首字母缩略词). Acronyms are often used in chat rooms.
Some of them are:
BTW(by the way)     BRB (be right back)
LOL (laughing out loud) IMO (in my opinion)
People also use many abbreviations. They are shortened forms of words. Some common abbreviations are:
info (information)    puter (computer)    pic (picture)      sec (second)
We usually don’t see people when we communicate on the Net, so people have new ways to show feelings. Most people use their keyboards to draw “feeling”, such as:
: ) (happy)     :-( (sad) ;    : P (joking)   : O (surprised)
These days, many forums have picture feelings. For example:
happy          sad         angry        cool
There are even whole new words, like ‘newbie’ (someone who is new on a chat board or forum). When you write something bad about someone else, it’s called ‘flaming’ the person.
It takes time to get used to e-talk. Also, different groups in the Net have their own special ways of communicating. Newbies sometimes have to ask other people what they mean. As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change.
【小题1】 Why do people type acronyms?

A．To show their feelings.

B．To make jokes.

C．Because people can type them quickly.

D．In this way, newbies won’t understand them.

【小题2】What does “My puter is not working well. :-( ” mean?

A．The person is happy about getting a new computer.

B．The person has to go away from their computer.

C．The person is angry at somebody.

D．The person is sad that his computer is having problems.

【小题3】If someone is angry, what may he type?

A．

B．

C．LOL

D．BRB

【小题4】E-talk will probably_________.

A．keep changing

B．stay the same

C．be used by people on the telephone

D．be easy for newbies to understand

【小题5】People can do the following through the Internet except _________.
A. doing shopping                B. writing diaries
C. eating foods                   C. playing games

Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people worried about getting older. Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old.

The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress. They also found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five.The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.

The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.

Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.

1.When will people become happier and experience less worry?

A. 18 years old     B. 80 years old     C. 50 years old    D. 25 years old

2.What does the underlined word“emotions”mean in Paragragh Two?

A. 体力           B. 情感          C. 智力         D. 目标

3.Who has the most sadness, stress and worry?

A. a fifty-year-old man             B. a fifty-year-old woman

C. a twenty-five-year-old woman       D. a twenty-five-year-old man

4.According to the last paragraph, why may people be happier at an older age?

A. They are more thankful for what they have

B. They have better control of their emotions

C. They spend less time thinking about their bad experiences

D. All of the above.

 

We all know that food makes us grow every day, but sometimes it can make us happy when we feel bad. Food such as sea fish, bananas, pumpkins and chicken can help us be happy. How can they affect (影响)our feelings?
People living by the sea look much happier than other people, because the fresh sea air helps them clear their minds and they eat a lot of sea fish. Bananas have much Vitamin B6. Having more bananas can help us make a quick decision, and become more confident(自信). Eating pumpkins can also help people get into a good feeling because it’s rich in Vitamin B6 and iron(铁).
Are you in a bad mood(情绪)? If you are, don’t sit alone. Go to eat such happy food with your friends. Maybe you’ll feel better.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。（5分）
【小题1】Food gives us energy and sometimes _________.

A．it can affect our feelings	B．it can make us feel sad
C．it can make us become fat	D．it can make us healthier

【小题2】Why do people living by the sea look happier?

A．Because they can often go boating.

B．Because they can often swim in the sea.

C．Because they have fresh air and eat sea fish.

D．Because they often drink sea water.

【小题3】What food can make us more confident?

A．Sea fish.

B．Chicken.

C．Apples.

D．Bananas.

【小题4】The underlined word “Vitamin” means “_______” in Chinese.

A．维生素

B．矿物质

C．小麦

D．二氧化碳

【小题5】Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Chicken is bad for us.

B．Vitamin B6 and iron can make us happier.

C．Eating a lot of fish can make us unhealthy.

D．Clean air can help us become more confident.