】阅读《塑料瓶装水真的干净吗》完成下面题目（7分）
①出门在外，口渴的时候我们都习惯买一瓶水喝，瓶装水给我们的印象是干净和方便，尤其是高档瓶装水都会标榜自己“出身清白”，“从未受到过人类污染”。例如,“王岛云雨”产自澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛,那里号称拥有世界上“最干净的空气”,雨水自然清洁无比；“公元前1万年”产自号称“地球上最古老的水源”——加拿大卑诗省沿岸的冰川，水质更是纯正无比。然而，科学家指出，塑料瓶装水也有可能“不干净”。
②英国化学研究人员威廉·肖迪克表示，装饮用水的塑料瓶生产过程就有污染隐患，因为在制造瓶子的过程中，会使用含有锑元素的化合物作催化剂，随着塑料瓶的成型，锑元素也进入了塑料中。塑料瓶可能会持续向瓶中的水溶解重金属元素锑,这种元素长期积聚在体内可能危害健康。威廉·肖迪克对当地的15种热销瓶装水进行化学检验，结果发现天然地下水中的锑含量是万亿分之一，而刚出厂的瓶装水的锑含量平均为万亿分之一百六十。时间越长，塑料瓶中的锑元素在水中的溶解量越大，这个过程就像泡茶一样。出厂3个月后，瓶装水中的锑元素的含量竟然增加了一倍。然而，现在市场上大多数瓶装水包装上注明的保质期大多是24个月。另外，温度越高，锑元素在水中的溶解量越大，而人们对瓶装水需求量较大的季节是温度高的夏天。肖迪克表示，虽然摄入极少量的锑元素不会导致人生病，但是大量摄入则会诱发呕吐，甚至可能致命。
③美国哈佛大学的研究人员米歇尔等人发现，不少塑料瓶在加工过程中会加入名为“双酚A”（BPA）的化学物质。这种化学物质与出生缺陷、发育问题、心脏病和糖尿病患病风险高有关联。专家对它可能对人体健康造成的影响表示担忧，而一些国家已将该物质正式列为有毒物质。
④此外，荷兰研究者发现，瓶装矿泉水经常被细菌和真菌污染，污染的瓶装矿泉水对健康个体致病的危险可能有限，但对于免疫功能低下的病人和婴儿，则有更高的感染危险。
⑤英国“水与环境管理协会”的执行主席尼克·里夫斯还表示，瓶装水对环境的污染也不容忽视。全世界每年用于制造塑料瓶的塑料为270万吨，这些塑料的原料大多是从石油中提取的，仅在美国，制造这些塑料瓶就要消耗150万桶石油，这些石油可以供10万辆汽车使用一年。86%的塑料水瓶最后都变成了垃圾，需要400年至1000年才能降解。这些塑料垃圾在燃烧时会产生有毒气体和含有重金属的灰烬。
（摘自2011年5月《知识就是力量》，略有删改）
A.随着温度增高，时间增加，塑料瓶中的锑元素在水中溶解量会越大。
B.重金属元素锑一旦被人体摄入，就会诱发呕吐，甚至可能致命。
C.全世界每年用于制造塑料瓶的塑料为270万吨，这些塑料的原料大多是从石油中提取的。
D.专家认为，在塑料瓶加工过程中所加入的名为“双酚A”（BPA）的化学物质可能对人体健康造成影响。
【小题1】下列句中划线词语能否删去？为什么（4分）
(1)出厂3个月后，瓶装水中的锑元素的含量竟然增加了一倍。
(2)瓶装矿泉水经常被细菌和真菌污染，污染的瓶装矿泉水对健康个体致病的危险可能有限，

中国人失掉自信力了吗
鲁迅
　　①从公开的文字上看起来：两年以前，我们总自夸着“地大物博”，是事实；不久就不
再自夸了，只希望着国联，也是事实；现在是既不夸自己，也不信国联，改为一味求神拜佛，
怀古伤今了——却也是事实。
②于是有人慨叹曰：中国人失掉自信力了。
③如果单据这一点现象而论，自信其实是早就失掉了的。先前信“地”，信“物”，后来
信“国联”，都没有相信过“自己”。假使这也算一种“信”，那也只能说中国人曾经有过“他
信力”，自从对国联失望之后，便把这他信力都失掉了。
④失掉了他信力，就会疑，一个转身，也许能够只相信了自己，倒是一条新生路，但不
幸的是逐渐玄虚起来了。信“地”和“物”，还是切实的东西，国联就渺茫，不过这还可以
令人不久就省悟到依赖它的不可靠。一到求神拜佛，可就玄虚之至了，有益或是有害，一时
就找不出分明的结果来，它可以令人更长久的麻醉着自己。
⑤中国人现在是在发展着“自欺力”。
⑥“自欺”也并非现在的新东西，现在只不过日见其明显，笼罩了一切罢了。然而，在
这笼罩之下，我们有并不失掉自信力的中国人在。
⑦我们从古以来，就有埋头苦干的人，有拚命硬干的人，有为民请命的人，有舍身求法
的人，……虽是等于为帝王将相作家谱的所谓“正史”，也往往掩不住他们的光耀，这就是
中国的脊梁。
⑧这一类的人们，就是现在也何尝少呢？他们有确信，不自欺；他们在前仆后继的战斗，
不过一面总在被摧残，被抹杀，消灭于黑暗中，不能为大家所知道罢了。说中国人失掉了自
信力，用以指一部分人则可，倘若加于全体，那简直是诬蔑。
⑨要论中国人，必须不被搽在表面的自欺欺人的脂粉所诓骗，却看看他的筋骨和脊梁。
自信力的有无，状元宰相的文章是不足为据的，要自己去看地底下。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　九月二十五日。
【小题1】．作者批驳的观点是什么？确立的观点又是什么？（４分）
【小题2】．文章由直接反驳转到间接反驳起过渡作用的是第几段？它在内容上是怎样承上启下的？请结合原文作答。（５分）
【小题3】．联系全文，对“埋头苦干的人”、“拼命硬干的人”、“为民请命的人”、“舍身求法的人”的共同特征概括错误的一项是（　　）（２分）

A．他们都是中国的脊梁。

B．他们有确信，不自欺。

C．他们前仆后继的战斗。

D．他们总不为大家所知道。

【小题4】．文章⑦—⑨段反复强调“中国的脊梁”，表达出作者怎样的思想感情？（４分）
【小题5】．今天的中国正在各个领域展现出国民的自信力，请依照例句按要求续写。（5分）例句：杨利伟，用自信的挥手代表了中国航天科技的高度；
续写：　　　　，                                                          ；
　　　　，                                                          。
他们都                                 。

Tea, coffee and cocoa are three major drinks all over the world. Tea is drunk by the largest number of people in the world. Tea, as well as silk and porcelain, began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago and has been an important Chinese export since then.

Tea has a history of over 4 , 000 years and China is the home of tea. In ancient China, tea was used as a kind of medicine, while nowadays people drink tea daily.

Longjing, Pu'er, Wulong and Tieguanyin are all famous tea. Thanks to the mild climate and rich soil in Fujian, Zhejiang and Yunnan, tea is produced mainly in these provinces.

The word for tea in different languages came from Chinese, like "cha'i" in Russian. And the Japanese character for tea is written exactly the same as it is in Chinese.

Over the past centuries, Chinese people have developed their unique tea culture, which includes tea planting, tea-leaf picking, tea making, tea drinking and so on. Tea is also popular in some sayings, like "A friendship between gentlemen is like a cup of tea." In dances, songs, poems and novels, tea is often mentioned. loo.

根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。(10分)

(       ) 63. How many drinks are mentioned in this passage?

A. Three.   B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.

(       ) 64. Tea is produced mainly in Fujian, Zhejiang and Yunnan because__________.

A. they are all big provinces

B. they are all close to the sea

C. there are quite a lot of mountains there

D. the climate ia mild and the soil is rich there

(       ) .65. The underlined sentence “ A friendship between gentlemen is like a cup of tea. " in the last paragraph means_________.

A. 一个朋友就是一杯茶

B. 君子之交淡如水

C. 看到朋友就会想起茶

D. 绅士才能够喝茶

(       ) 66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Tea, cocoa and silk are important Chinese exports.

B. Tea has more than 1, 000 years of history.

C. Japan is the home of tea.

D. In ancient China, people used tea as a kind of medicine.

(       ) 67. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. China's Tea Culture B. A Saying of Tea

C. Drinks in the World D. Tea and Coffee

 

Tea, coffee and cocoa are three major drinks all over the world. Tea is drunk by the largest number of people in the world. Tea, as well as silk and porcelain, began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago and has been an important Chinese export since then.
Tea has a history of over 4 , 000 years and China is the home of tea. In ancient China, tea was used as a kind of medicine, while nowadays people drink tea daily.
Longjing, Pu'er, Wulong and Tieguanyin are all famous tea. Thanks to the mild climate and rich soil in Fujian, Zhejiang and Yunnan, tea is produced mainly in these provinces.
The word for tea in different languages came from Chinese, like "cha'i" in Russian. And the Japanese character for tea is written exactly the same as it is in Chinese.
Over the past centuries, Chinese people have developed their unique tea culture, which includes tea planting, tea-leaf picking, tea making, tea drinking and so on. Tea is also popular in some sayings, like "A friendship between gentlemen is like a cup of tea." In dances, songs, poems and novels, tea is often mentioned. loo.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。(10分)
【小题1】 How many drinks are mentioned in this passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

【小题2】Tea is produced mainly in Fujian, Zhejiang and Yunnan because__________.

A．they are all big provinces

B．they are all close to the sea

C．there are quite a lot of mountains there

D．the climate ia mild and the soil is rich there

【小题3】The underlined sentence “ A friendship between gentlemen is like a cup of tea. " in the last paragraph means_________.

A．一个朋友就是一杯茶

B．君子之交淡如水

C．看到朋友就会想起茶

D．绅士才能够喝茶

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Tea, cocoa and silk are important Chinese exports.

B．Tea has more than 1, 000 years of history.

C．Japan is the home of tea.

D．In ancient China, people used tea as a kind of medicine.

【小题5】Which is the best title for the passage?

A．China's Tea Culture	B．A Saying of Tea
C．Drinks in the World	D．Tea and Coffee