In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．

When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies（星系）．

According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment（设备）．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．

Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．

When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles（圈） until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles（海龟） need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．

Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that． They are still learning more．

In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．

Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．

1．Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?

A． Because there are fewer and fewer stars．

B． Because human health has been affected．

C． Because too much light is a waste of energy．

D． Because some of the wildlife can be harmed．

2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned（提到）in this passage?

A． The problems that light pollution has caused．

B． The reason why humans use too much light．

C． The ways that light pollution can be reduced．

D． The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before．

3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A． There are about 2,500 stars in the sky．

B． Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution．

C． Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness．

D． Something has been done to reduce light pollution．

Driving a car at a high speed along a highway seems to be fun. You need only to follow the bright traffic signs beside the highways and it will take you to where you wish. But to a London taxi driver, driving is not an easy job. A taxi driver has to have not only skills but also a good knowledge of the city of London, from the smaller road to the most popular bar around. He has to be at service of all kinds of passengers at all times.
A certain London taxi driver told of his job as follows.
During the night it is quite usual for him to stop two or three times for some refreshments (提神). He said, “I never drink when I’m working --- I would lose my license.”
He usually goes home between 2 and 3 o’clock in the night. There are times he has to stay longer and try to make more runs. He said, “That’s the worst thing about working for yourself. If you don’t make any money, no one is going to give it to you.”
London taxi drivers not only “take” but also “give”. Every summer hundreds of children from London will go for a day at the sea --- by taxi! Their rides are paid by the taxi drivers, and these all go to the “London Taxi for Underprivileged Children”. At the sea, they are met by the mayor (市长), and a lunch party is also held in honor of the taxi drivers and the children. After a happy day running around the sea beaches and visiting the markets, the children go home again --- by taxi, and free of charge (支出), of course!
【小题1】From the first paragraph, we can see that________.

A．highways are developing very fast and there are more and more taxis.

B．it is easy to get to any place of the country now

C．it is fun to travel everywhere in a car

D．the writer wants to tell us that a London taxi driver has many difficulties in his driving

【小题2】It is not easy to be a taxi driver in London because ________.

A．he has to know all the places in the city and serve all kinds of passengers at all the time

B．there is much traffic in London and people there like traveling by taxi

C．he has to follow the bright traffic sighs

D．although he works hard he earns little money

【小题3】The underlined phrase “Underprivileged Children” in the last paragraph is about the children ________.
A. who have little knowledge              B. whose families are poor
C. who will go to sea                     C. who like taking a taxi
【小题4】What is the passage about?

A．Traffic in London.	B．London taxi for children
C．Taxi divers’ job in London.	D．Drivers disliking taxis in London

Driving a car at a high speed along a highway seems to be fun. You need only to follow the bright traffic signs beside the highways and it will take you to where you wish. But to a London taxi driver, driving is not an easy job. A taxi driver has to have not only skills but also a good knowledge of the city of London, from the smaller road to the most popular bar around. He has to be at service of all kinds of passengers at all times.

A certain London taxi driver told of his job as follows.

During the night it is quite usual for him to stop two or three times for some refreshments (提神). He said, “I never drink when I’m working --- I would lose my license.”

He usually goes home between 2 and 3 o’clock in the night. There are times he has to stay longer and try to make more runs. He said, “That’s the worst thing about working for yourself. If you don’t make any money, no one is going to give it to you.”

London taxi drivers not only “take” but also “give”. Every summer hundreds of children from London will go for a day at the sea --- by taxi! Their rides are paid by the taxi drivers, and these all go to the “London Taxi for Underprivileged Children”. At the sea, they are met by the mayor (市长), and a lunch party is also held in honor of the taxi drivers and the children. After a happy day running around the sea beaches and visiting the markets, the children go home again --- by taxi, and free of charge (支出), of course!

1.From the first paragraph, we can see that________.

A．highways are developing very fast and there are more and more taxis.

B．it is easy to get to any place of the country now

C．it is fun to travel everywhere in a car

D．the writer wants to tell us that a London taxi driver has many difficulties in his driving

2.It is not easy to be a taxi driver in London because ________.

A．he has to know all the places in the city and serve all kinds of passengers at all the time

B．there is much traffic in London and people there like traveling by taxi

C．he has to follow the bright traffic sighs

D．although he works hard he earns little money

3.The underlined phrase “Underprivileged Children” in the last paragraph is about the children ________.

A. who have little knowledge              B. whose families are poor

C. who will go to sea                     C. who like taking a taxi

4.What is the passage about?

A．Traffic in London.                       B．London taxi for children

C．Taxi divers’ job in London.               D．Drivers disliking taxis in London