Comets(彗星) are parts of our solar system. Like the planets, they go around the sun.
But comets are not made of solid rocks like planets. A comet is a ball of dust, stones, and ice. Many people call comets dirty snowballs.
The “snowball” may be only a few miles across. But when the sun heats the “snowball,” much of it is changed to gases. The gases spread out and form the comet’s head, which may be thousands of miles across.
A comet moves fast in its trip around the sun. But when we see it, the comet does not seem to move. That’s because it is so far away. The moon moves fast, but when you look at it, you can’t see any motion(运动). That’s because the moon is far away.
Each year astronomers(天文学家) discover new comets. Some of them are seen only once. They make one trip around the sun and then go away out into space. The sun’s gravity cannot hold them.
Other comets, like Halley, keep returning. They have been captured by the sun. Halley’s earliest visit was probably 3,000 years ago. It may keep returning for another 3,000 years.
But every time a comet goes around the sun, the comet loses part of itself. Gases and dust are pulled out of the comet. That’s why Halley is now dimmer（暗淡的） than it used to be. Next time it visits us, in 2062, it may be even dimmer. Each visit it may get dimmer and dimmer, until it finally disappears.
【小题1】What is this passage mostly about?

阅读材料，然后根据有关内容完成下面的表格。

I started a QQ group named GZ(Guangzhou) English Club two weeks ago. It has 30 members now. We need some more friends who are glad to chat in English. If you are interested in the group and want to be a member of it, please learn and follow these rules.

1. It is an English chat place. Everyone in our group must speak English to communicate with each other. If you speak Chinese, nobody else will chat with you.

2. We often have parties. If there is a party, you’d better come. It’s good for you. You can practice speaking English at the party. And at the same time you can make friends.

3. If you live in Guangzhou, you can join our group. That’s because it is easy for us to enjoy parties.

4. Chatting in English does not mean English is the most important. I think Chinese is our mother language and it is the most important.

Wait for you, my dear friends!

Comets(彗星) are parts of our solar system. Like the planets, they go around the sun.

But comets are not made of solid rocks like planets. A comet is a ball of dust, stones, and ice. Many people call comets dirty snowballs.

The “snowball” may be only a few miles across. But when the sun heats the “snowball,” much of it is changed to gases. The gases spread out and form the comet’s head, which may be thousands of miles across.

A comet moves fast in its trip around the sun. But when we see it, the comet does not seem to move. That’s because it is so far away. The moon moves fast, but when you look at it, you can’t see any motion(运动). That’s because the moon is far away.

Each year astronomers(天文学家) discover new comets. Some of them are seen only once. They make one trip around the sun and then go away out into space. The sun’s gravity cannot hold them.

Other comets, like Halley, keep returning. They have been captured by the sun. Halley’s earliest visit was probably 3,000 years ago. It may keep returning for another 3,000 years.

But every time a comet goes around the sun, the comet loses part of itself. Gases and dust are pulled out of the comet. That’s why Halley is now dimmer（暗淡的） than it used to be. Next time it visits us, in 2062, it may be even dimmer. Each visit it may get dimmer and dimmer, until it finally disappears.

1.What is this passage mostly about?

2.How does the writer help the reader understand what a comet looks like?

3.What is the most likely reason the writer wrote this passage?

　　Everybody in the world has one name at least. And to each person his name is important because it is his own.

　　Remember how you don't like it very much if people can't remember your name, or pronounce it wrong? Remember how you like to see it printed in the newspaper or even on the blackboard at school? That's because it is your own and only you can have it.

　　Of course, names aren't important in themselves. There are no “good” names or “bad” names. But they are useful in our life. You don't have to go around shouting!

　　“Hey, You!”or “Hello. Girl-with-the-red-hair.”or “Thank you, Man-who-lives-at-the-end-of-the-street.” Wouldn't it be foolish?

　　A person's name means something. For example. John or Nathan means “present”. James or Jacob means “he follows after.” Frank means “free”. Charles has “strong” in meaning. Thomas is a word for “twin”. Girls'names mean something, too. If you know a Mary or a Miriam, her name means “star of the sea.” Helen means “light”. Rebecca, “very beautiful”. Rhoda is a “rose”.

　　Now first names are all we need when we've at home. For it isn't very often that two sisters or two brothers have the same first name. But it's different when you go out to play or go to school. You may have a lot of Johns and Davids and Sues. You could get all mixed up and not know who was who. That's why last names started. And last names are really nicknames(绰号).

　　It happened like this: There was a certain Richard. Since his father's name was James, he was called “Richard, son of James.” And later just Richard Jameson.

　　The place where they lived gave some people their last names. For example, Mr Short was talking about Joseph.

　　“Which Joseph?” someone might ask.

　　“Why, the Joseph who lives in the field.”

　　And right then that Joseph had a last name: Joseph Field. You can think of many more last names that started that way.

1．You like your name ________.

[　　]

A．because people can't remember it

B．because it is important

C．when others give the wrong pronunciation

D．when it is printed in the newspaper or written ca the blackboard

2．Names are ________.

[　　]

A．important in themselves

B．useful in our life

C．good or bad

D．foolish

3．Sometimes a person's name means something, for example, ________.

[　　]

A．John is “strong”

B．Mary means “star of the sea”

C．Charles is a “present”

D．Helen is a word of “happiness”

4．Last names started because ________.

[　　]

A．two brothers or two sisters have the same first names

B．you often go out to play or go to school

C．if you aren't at home, you may meet a lot of Johns, Davids or Sues

D．you don't know everybody outside

5．How does a last name come from?

[　　]

A．The Joseph lives in the field. He is called Joseph Field.

B．His father is called Jameson so his son becomes Jameson.

C．The place where Mr Short lives often gives people the same name.

D．People like to give others nickname.