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Driving in China

　　I have been driving cars since I reached the pedals(踏板)．In Canada you 　　1　　 16 to get a driver's license．I 　　2　　 myself to be a very good driver．

　　I visited China 20 years ago．I with my wife was in Shanghai to give a paper at a conference．We 　　3　　 the number of bicycles on the roads and the few cars．In Canada almost each family has one car, but it was 　　4　　 that most Chinese depended on bicycles．

　　I 　　5　　 Shanghai and to other Chinese cities many times since then and have watched the fast changes on the roads．There are far fewer bicycles now but 　　6　　 cars．The roads are crowded, the government has been forced to limit the number of days some cars can 　　7　　 and the traffic jams are almost constant(经常的)．So are the accidents．On a recent visit I saw four or five 　　8　　 within a two-week period．

　　To get a driver's license in Canada, you must drive, with an examiner, on real roads and in real traffic．However, in China you learn on a closed course, 　　9　　 real traffic, get a license and only then are able to drive under real roads．

　　Driving in Canada and driving in China 　　10　　 two different experiences．In Canada there are traffic jams but they aren't so bad．We have more traffic lights; we obey them and drivers are usually 　　11　　 , allowing other cars to cut in front of them knowing it won't make much difference．In China, if you stop 　　12　　 another car cut in front of you will probably be there for a long time because once one car gets in, dozens of 　　13　　 will follow．

　　I would rather 　　14　　 the bus than drive my car in downtown Shanghai and Beijing．Because it's 　　15　　 and stronger than most things that might run into it．

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阅读理解

　　Wives, children and parents left behind in the countryside by migrant workers need special assistance, a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference said yesterday．

　　Adult males moving to work in cities, is causing a challenge to the traditional function of bringing up children and supporting the elderly, said Shen Shuji, who is also an official with the All-China Women’s Federation．

　　Shen recommended certain measures, including a special policy to guarantee educational opportunities for such children, accelerating(加速)the establishment of pension(养老金)and medical care systems in rural areas, and encouraging enterprises and non-governmental organizations to help such families．

　　The rights and welfare of migrant workers themselves have called much attention in recent years．The government has made policies to protect their rights．

　　The number of children aged between 6 and 16 in this situation is more than 20 million nationwide, accounting for more than half of the country’s total．Some of the children have both their parents in cities and have to be taken care of by grandparents or other family relatives．

　　Without enough care from parents, many of them become problem children, Shen said．Wives left at home by their husband have to face hard work, loneliness and a lack of a sense of security．In many cases long-term separation ends up with divorce．

　　There is still no pension system in China’s countryside．Traditionally, the elderly in rural areas are supported by their children with low incomes．

　　But the exodus of their children has left many old people in a difficult situation．They have to continue to work in farms while taking care of their grandchildren, Shen said．

　　The country should gradually scrap(消除)the decades-old bi-polar system separating rural and urban areas, which prevent farmers from enjoying the equal rights．

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