阅读下面的文字，完成小题
去秋人还，蒙赐书及所撰先大父墓碑铭，反复观诵，感与惭并。
夫铭志之著于世，义近于史，而亦有与史异者。盖史之于善恶无所不书；而铭者，盖古之人有功德、材行、志义之美者，惧后世之不知，则必铭而见之。或纳于庙，或存于墓，一也。苟其人之恶，则与铭乎何有？此其所以与史异也。其辞之作，所以使死者无有所憾，生者得致其严。而善人喜于见传，则勇于自立；恶人无有所记，则以愧而惧。至于通材达识，义烈节士，嘉言善状，皆见于篇，则足为后法。警劝之道，非近乎史，其将安近？
及世之衰，人之子孙者，一欲褒扬其亲而不本乎理。故虽恶人，皆务勒铭以夸后世。立言者既莫之拒而不为，又以其子孙之所请也，书其恶焉，则人情之所不得，于是乎铭始不实。后之作铭者，当观其人。苟托之非人，则书之非公与是，则不足以行世而传后。故千百年来，公卿大夫至于里巷之士，莫不有铭，而传者盖少。其故非他，托之非人，书之非公与是故也。
然则孰为其人，而能尽公与是欤？非畜道德而能文章者，无以为也。盖有道德者之于恶人，则不受而铭之，于众人则能辨焉。而人之行，有情善而迹非，有意奸而外淑，有善恶相悬而不可以实指，有实大于名，有名侈于实。犹之用人，非畜道德者恶作辨之不惑，议之不徇？不惑不徇，则公且是矣。而其辞之不工，则世犹不传。于是又在其文章兼胜焉。故曰：非畜道德而能文章者，无以为也。岂非然哉？
然畜道德而能文章者，虽或并世而有，亦或数十年、或一二百年而有之。其传之难又如此，其遇之难又如此。若先生之道德文章，固所谓数百年而有者也。先祖之言行卓卓幸遇而得铭其公与是其传世行后无疑也而世之学者每观传记所书古人之事至其所可感则往往衋然不知涕之流落也，况其子孙也哉？况巩也哉！其追晞祖德，而思所以传之之由，则知先生推一赐于巩而及其三世。其感与报，宜若何而图之？抑又思若巩之浅薄滞拙，而先生进之；先祖之屯蹶否塞以死，而先生显之，则世之魁闳豪杰不世出之士，其谁不愿进于门？潜遁幽抑之士，其谁不有望于世？
既拜赐之辱，且敢进其所以然。所谕世族之次，敢不承教而加详焉。愧甚不宣。巩再拜。
----选自曾巩《寄欧阳舍人（欧阳修）书》
【小题1】对下列划线词解释不正确的一组是                      （   ）

A．生者得致其严 　　严：严肃

B．警劝之道 　　　　道：作用

C．议之不徇 　　　　徇：徇私，袒护

D．所谕世族之次 　　次：排列

【小题2】下列各组句子中划线词的用法和意义相同的一项是      （   ）

A．则足为后法则告诉不许

B．惧后世之不知臣之壮也，犹不如人

C．有意奸而外淑圣人不凝滞于物，而能与世推移

D．先祖之屯蹶否塞以死死犹为厉鬼以击贼

【小题3】下面各项对文章的内容理解不正确的一项是             （   ）

A．铭志能够著称后世，它的意义与“史”相接近，但是它的内容却与“史”有所不同。

B．文中，作者就碑文写作提出了看法，一是撰写碑文要态度公正，二是撰写碑文要慎选作者。

C．文章既论述了铭志的作用，也由衷赞扬了欧阳修为他祖父所作铭志的“公与是”。

D．这篇文章虽是感谢信，但又不仅仅止于感谢，文章还重点述说了“史”的社会意义，也表达了对道德文章兼胜的赞许与追求。

【小题4】用“/”给文中画波浪线的部分断句。（3分）
先 祖 之 言 行 卓 卓 幸 遇 而 得 铭 其 公 与 是 其 传 世 行 后 无 疑 也而 世 之 学 者 每 观 传 记 所 书 古 人 之 事 至 其 所 可 感 则 往 往 衋 然不 知 涕 之 流 落 也
【小题5】将文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（7分）
(1) 苟其人之恶，则与铭乎何有？（3分）
(2) 则知先生推一赐于巩而及其三世。其感与报，宜若何而图之？（4分）

完形填空

　　Accidents can happen indoors. Many young children get ___1___ when playing in their homes. How do these accidents happen?

　　A housewife is a busy person. She ___2___ to do most of the work in the home. Sometimes she is busy. She puts a pot of water on a table. A child can reach it and pushes down the pot. The hot water hurts him. Then the child has to be ___3___ to hospital at once.

　　An things that can ___4___ are dangerous. Sharp knives and scissors should be put away out of reach of children. Small children should not be ___5___ to play with them.

　　Electricity（电）is always ___6___. Electricity can be used for heating and cooking, but it can also kill us! You should never touch any electric heater or wire ff it is turned on.

　　Medicine makes us better when we are ill. But if we take ___7___ medicine, it can make us ill or kill us. Sometimes grown-up people are careless. They leave medicine in places ___8___ children can reach it. They find it and eat it. Then they get very ill. Perhaps they die.

　　The skins of bananas, oranges and other fruit are very slippery. You should not throw them on the ground. If you ___9___, someone may step on them and fall down. They may break a leg or an arm.

　　To stop accidents, please be ___l0___ in everything you do.

(1) A．hit	B．hurt	C．stolen
(2) A．is	B．will	C．has
(3) A．take	B．bring	C．taken
(4) A．use	B．be used	C．used
(5) A．stopped	B．allowed	C．prevented
(6) A．safe	B．enough	C．dangerous
(7) A．right	B．wrong	C．new
(8) A．which	B．who	C．where
(9) A．are	B．do	C．like
(10) A．careful	B．carefully	C．care

完形填空

　　Paul is my __1__ brother. I don't know him well. __2__ we had only met once in the past fifteen years.

　　I met Paul __3__ family party. He was a young man __4__. Behind his beard（胡子）was a happy __5__. He talked on and on __6__ his life. He lived __7__ a small house in the mountains. There was no heat __8__ electricity（电）. He grew his __9__ food. When he needed some money, he worked at different jobs __10__. Paul spoke happily about living close to nature.

(1) A．wife	B．wifes'	C．wife's		D．wife of
(2) A．The fact	B．Facts	C．In fact		D．Fact
(3) A．on	B．in	C．at		D．for
(4) A．with long hair		B．with a long hair
C．with long hairs		D．with longer hair
(5) A．smiling	B．smile	C．smiled	D．smiles
(6) A．about	B．for	C．on	D．in
(7) A．at	B．into	C．in	D．on
(8) A．and	B．or	C．either	D．neither
(9) A．one	B．own	C．himself	D．only
(10) A．in few week		B．for few week
C．for a few weeks		D．in a few weeks

　　A history teacher was talking to his class about the ancient Romans（古罗马人）.“They were very strong people,”he said.“They always wanted to have strong bodies, so they played a lot of games.”

　　“Did they like swimming.”One of the girls asked.“That makes people's bodies strong.” She was very good at swimming.“Oh yes, some of them swam a lot.” The teacher answered. Then he told them a story about one famous Roman.

　　“There was a big, wide river in the middle of Rome.”he said,“and this man swam across the river three times every day before breakfast.”

　　The girl laughed when she heard this. “Why are you laughing?” the teacher asked her angrily,“Have I said anything funny?”

　　“Well, sir.”the girl answered, “Why didn't he swim across the river four times, to get back his clothes again?”

Choose the best answer.

(1) A history teacher was talking to his class about__________.

[　　]

A．the ancient Romans	B．The old game
C．swimming	D．the river in Rome

(2) Ancient Romans always wanted__________．

[　　]

A．to swim a lot	B．to skate a lot
C．to have strong bodies	D．to laugh a lot

(3) There was a big, wide river __________ Rome.

[　　]

A．in the middle of	B．in the west of
C．in the east of	D．in front of

(4) Who was the teacher talking about when he said, “Some of them. swam a lot”?

[　　]

A．One famous Roman.	B．The girl in his class.
C．A strong people.	D．The teacher himself.

(5) Why did the girl laugh?

A．Because the Roman swam before breakfast.

B．Because the Roman did not finish swimming near his clothes.

C．Because the teacher was angry.

D．Because the Roman liked swimming so much.