For most people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question, “What clothes are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: 
“She was wearing a fashionable coat. His shirt was really a fashionable color.”
But of course there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages.
Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different from one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1860.
Today fashions change very quickly. Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspaper, radios, telephones and television send information from one country to another in a few hours. New fashions mean that people will buy new things, so you see there is money in fashion.
【小题1】 From this passage we know that “fashion” means ______.

A．clothes	B．many things
C．most of the popular things	D．everything

【小题2】Today fashions change very quickly because _______.

A．people read newspaper every day

B．radios send information from one country to another

C．new things that people like are often shown on TV

D．people quickly learn what is happening in the world

【小题3】“There is money in fashion” means ______.

A．clothes are expensive	B．money comes from fashion
C．people like new things	D．fashions make big money

【小题4】 The best title for the passage is ______.

A．Fashions	B．Fashion mean clothes
C．Fashion means money	D．A fashionable

A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes.
The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up(延误) to take his medicine. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger’s ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.
In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word..
When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passenger’s booklet. She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.
Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it, “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse you twelve sincere smiles?”
That’s right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person?
【小题1】Ten minutes later, the passenger didn’t get the water, because _______.

A．the plane didn’t take off.

B．the air hostess was kept busy and forgot it.

C．it’s not allowed to take medicine during the flight.

D．there aren’t enough water on the plane.

【小题2】The underlined word “it” in Paragrouph 4 refers to the _______.

A．medicine

B．water

C．cup

D．booklet

【小题3】At the end of the story, we knew the passenger was _______ with the air hostess.

A．satisfied

B．unhappy

C．angry

D．bored

For hundreds Of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
【小题1】 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?

A．Weather.	B．Actions of others.
C．Personality.	D．Age.

【小题2】Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?

A．It is a kind of artificial chemical.

B．It makes us worried by affecting our brains.

C．It is needed by us all to keep fit.

D．It is in the sunlight.

【小题3】 What can we infer (推断) from the passage?

A．We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather.

B．We will be happy when we are caught in the rain.

C．All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter.

D．The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be.

【小题4】What may be the best title for this passage?

A．Why Do We Feel Sad?

B．The Weather Influences People’s Emotions

C．People Need More Vitamin D

D．We Can Hardly Change the Weather

A boy who was cleaning shoes in the street said to a young man, “Let me clean your shoes.” The young man said, “No, thank you.” “You may pay(支付) me only one dollar for them.” Said the boy. But the young man refused(拒绝) again.
And then the boy told the young man that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man            agreed to his, and soon one of his shoes became as clean as a new one. The man gave the other shoe to the boy, but the boy refused to clean it because he wanted the man to pay two dollars for his work. The young man refused to pay anything and went away.
But the dirty shoe looked so bad that he couldn’t walk away. He had to turn back and gave the boy two dollars. In a very short time the other shoe became clean.
【小题1】At first the young man refused to let the boy clean his shoes, because        

A．he was very busy	B．he didn’t want to pay
C．he didn’t have enough money	D．he had cleaned his shoes

【小题2】The young man agreed to let the boy clean his shoes, because the boy said he would ask for         

A．one dollar

B．two dollars

C．four dollars

D．nothing

【小题3】The boy refused to clean the other shoe because         

A．it was very dirty	B．it was difficult to clean
C．the young man paid only one dollar	D．he wanted the young man to pay him

【小题4】According to the passage, we know the boy        .

A．He is very foolish.

B．He is very selfish.

C．He is very clever.

D．He is very sad.