It is sometimes said that the English are polite people. This can make life difficult for foreigners. Suppose a foreign boy asks an English girl to go out with him and she says, “If I finish my work, I'll meet you in the cafe at 7 o'clock.” Is she saying “yes” or “no” to his invitation?

　　In grammatical terms, she is using the conditional structure. By using the conditional, speakers of English can avoid giving a “yes” or “no” answer to a question. It enables people to be diplomatic. If the girl doesn't want to go out with the boy, she won't turn up at the cafe. She will let him understand she is still working. If she wants to go out with him, but doesn't want to appear too easy to catch, she has achieved that with her reply. But in this case, as she uses the first conditional which shows probability, she is quite likely to turn up at the cafe. Being polite can make life very difficult!

　　The conditional is often used by people in the news－politicians, for example－who wish to avoid speaking out their ideas. This is very important if they are on their way to discuss an agreement. No one wants to give away his or her points before he or she starts. A government spokesman might say to a group of workers, “If we could pay you more, we would.” The use of the conditional here makes room for argument although the speaker is using the second conditional form, which shows improbability. So it is unlikely the workers will get their rise.

　　“If” is a small word, which appears often in the English language. It can show politeness, reported speech and conditionals such as the First－probability－if I can come to your party, I will; the Second－improbability－if I saw you tomorrow, I'd give you the book; and the Third－impossibility (meaning it is too late to change something that has happened)－if you have told me, I would have helped you.

　　注：conditional structure表示条件的句式，avoid避免，diplomatic婉转的，achieve达到，politician政客

1．The using of the conditional can make a speech ________.

[　　]

2．Which of the following is TURE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Language used in the news should make room to argue.

B．Usually English girls are not easy to catch.

C．English people never speak out their ideas in public.

D．The word “if” can show different meanings.

3．In the passage, “If we could pay you more, we would.” probably means ________.

[　　]

A．the workers will make more money

B．the spokesman doesn't give any promise

C．the spokesman keeps his word

D．the workers' problems aren't difficult

4．This passage is mainly talking about ________.

[　　]

A．the conditional in communication

B．how to invite a girl in Britain

C．British people and their life

D．some language points in daily English

阅读理解：

　　　　Tom is an American boy. His father wants to go to China for a visit. Tom asks him, "Are you going to China by plane, by train or 　　by sheep, Father?" "What?" Father asks. The boy says it again. "Oh! How can I get to China by sheep? No! Never!" Father answers."Why not, Father?" the boy asks." My boy, I cannot even go to China 　　on a horse. I'll go to China by ship, not by a sheep. The letter"i" in the word 'ship' should be read[i], not[i:].You must pay moreattention to your pronunciation." （发音）

　　判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”，不符合的用“F”表示。

　　1. Tom lives in America. 

　　　　　　　　　　 （　　）

　　2. Tom's father will go to China to study there.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （　　）

　　3. Tom's father says he will go to China by ship.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （　　）

　　4. Tom asks his father how he will go to China.

　　（　　）

　　5. Tom's pronunciation is very good. 

　　　　 （　　）

-　The　teachers　in　that　school　speak　either　English　or　French,　or　even　_____.

    -　That’s　so　cool!

    A.　all　B.both　C.　neither　D.　none

 

 Laboratory　work　is　your　chance　to　learn　science　firsthand.　It　can　be　fun　but　you　must　be　careful　to　prevent　injury.　Listen　closely　when　your　teacher　reads　and　explains　the　rules　before　your　first　lab　lesson.
LABORATORYRULES
Throughout　the　lesson
·Do　not　enter　the　science　lab　without　the　teacher’s　permission.·No　food　or　drinks　are　to　be　alowed　in　the　science　lab.
Before　the　Experiment
·Read　al　instructions　carefuly　before　every　experiment.
·Prepare　al　apparatus（仪器）and　arrange　them　so　that　you　wil　not　knock　them　over　while　doing　the　experiment.
During　the　Experiment
·If　you　are　unsure　of　how　to　use　any　apparatus　or　how　to　operate,　ask　your　teacher　for　help.·Never　smel　or　taste　chemicals　unless　your　teacher　gives　permission.
After　the　Experiment
·Wash　al　apparatus　after　use　and　return　them　to　the　places　where　they　were.
·Throw　waste　materials　in　proper　waste　baskets.　　　　First　Aid　　　　
·Report　al　accidents　to　your　teacher　immediately.
·If　you　spil（ 溅 出 ）any　chemicals　onto　your　body　or　clothing,　wash　with　plenty　of　water　and　report　to　your　teacher.
【小题1】　Your　teacher　wil　probably　tel　you　the　rules　above　_____　the　first　lab　lesson.

A．before

B．since

C．during

D．after

【小题2】　Before　every　experiment,　you　should　_____.

A．taste　the　chemicals　first

B．clean　al　the　apparatus

C．read　al　instructions　carefuly

D．report　al　the　accidents　to　the　teacher

【小题3】　When　you　are　not　sure　how　to　use　al　apparatus,　_____.
A.　try　them　on　your　own
B.　read　the　rules　carefuly
C.　ask　your　teacher　for　help
d.　put　them　back
【小题4】　It　is　clear　that　you　can　_____.

A．bring　food　into　the　lab
B．enter　the　lab　anytime
C．smel　chemicals　as　you　like	D．learn　science　directly　in　the　lab

【小题5】　If　you　get　chemicals　on　the　clothing,　you　can　find　ways　to　solve　it　in　the　part　_____.

A．Before　the　Experiment

B．First　Aid

C．During　the　Experiment

D．After　the　Experiment