题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Directions：Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society's demands．Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power generation, for navigation(航行), and to prevent flooding．
River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river engineering works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the construction of dams．
An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the l9'th century, when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened．One of the most dramatically changed was the Tisza River, a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary．The controlling of the Tisza, designed to reduce flooding and make land for agriculture, included cutting off more than 100 meanders(河曲), shortening the river's length by nearly 400 kilometers．
One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them．The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide, and at the beginning of the 21st century, there were about 800, 000 dams globally, some towering more than 200 meters in height．
Despite their successes, many dams also cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful．Some particularly deep reservoirs(水库)can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water．Downstream of a reservoir, the river is certainly influenced in many ways：water volume, speed and quality are all affected, leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals．
In the late 1960's, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a forest of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lots.
Skyscrapers are also consumers and wasters of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscrapers office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts--enough to supply the entire city of Albany,
Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss ( or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical brick wall filled with insulation (绝缘) board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare(眩目的光) as well as heat gain.
However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.
Skyscrapers put a strain on a city's sanitation facilities(卫生设备),too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone produce 2.25 million gallons of wastes each year-as much a city the size of
Skyscrapers also affect television reception, block bird flyways and air traffic, In Boston in the late 1960's, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common. Still ,people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built them-personal pride and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of space to rent.
36. The main purpose of the passage is to __
A. compare skyscrapers with other modern structures
B. describe some architectural designs of skyscrapers
C. describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment
D. encourage using bricks in the construction of skyscrapers
37. According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of skyscrapers that have mirrored walls?
A. The surrounding air is heated.
B. Construction time is increased.
C. The windows must be cleaned daily.
D. Extra air-conditioning equipment is needed.
38. According to the passage, in the late 1960's some residents of
A. The noise from their construction.
B. The high cost of renting an office.
C. The harmful effects on the city's grass.
D. The removal of trees from building sites.
39. The author raises problems that would most concern which of the following groups?
A. Pilots B. Electricians.
C. Environmentalists. D. Construction workers
When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers.
For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges, she’s been named national teacher of the year.
Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator, but Peterson is “just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.”
Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music.
When students were reading S.E. Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a 30-minute play with scenes from the book. Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race, equality and social justice, the themes of the book. Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book.
The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils. It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors.
As national teacher of the year, Peterson will spend the more year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education.
Not surpassingly. She is a big believe in the white of acts education. She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as act or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day.
The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means __________.
A．discouraging B．interesting C．creative D．unbearable
When Peterson began her teaching career, ____________.
A．music was a focus of learning in most schools
B．theenvironment was favorable to music teaching
C．the school backed teaching facilities for music
D．immemorial support for music programs was unavailable
What is the most important reason that Peterson won the award?
A．She concerned herself with current social problems.
B．She motivated students to learn music with her creativity.
C．She has aught music at the elementary school for 22 years.
D．She make great efforts to amuse students’ interest in literature.
Which of the following is an example of Peterson’s way of teaching music?
A．She wrote plays on themes of race, equality and social justice.
B．She made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching.
C．She organized classroom discussions of Broadway tunes.
D．She helped students compose songs by themselves.
In Peterson’s opinion, ____________.
A．art music and PE classes are all important
B．more subjects should be offered to students
C．students should be nativated to attend art classes
D．arts education is more important than other subjects
It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A．Peterson’s honor was a surprise for the local people
B．Peterson’s art classes attracted students back to school
C．Peterson aroused the local residents’ passion for music
D．Peterson will change her profession next year
Thousands of people began pouring into Pennsylvania from other states．They wanted to buy lottery tickets．The tickets cost only ﹩0．9 each．But that small spending could bring them a reward of ﹩90 million．That was the second largest lottery jackpot（积累奖金）in history．
More than 87 million tickets were bought for the Pennsylvania lottery drawing．Those who bought tickets had to choose seven numbers from 1 to 80．The chance of winning was one in 9．6 million．But that little chance certainly didn’t affect ticket sales．In the last few days before the drawing, tickets were selling at the unbelievable rate of 500 per second．
Experts say many people buy lottery tickets because they just want to have a piece of the action．Others say the lottery is a stock market for poor people．It allows them to dream about wealth they’ll probably never have．
But many people believe lotteries are no better than legalized（合法化的） gambling．Some critics note that most people who play are poor and may not be able to afford the tickets．There are also many addicts who take the game seriously．They may pour their life savings into lottery tickets．Some clubs have been formed to help them kick the habit．
Politicians like lotteries because they provide money that would otherwise have to come from new taxes．The profits from lotteries are usually used to pay for education or programs for senior citizens．But critics say this arrangement just allows states to legalize vice（恶习）, under the name of social progress．No matter whether you regard state lotteries right or not, you cannot refuse to accept their extreme popularity with many Americans．
The main idea of the passage is that ．
A．lotteries are of great benefit to everyone who buys them
B．playing a lottery is just like investing in the stock market
C．a lot of people buy lottery tickets, but lotteries cause disagreement
D．lotteries are just legalized vice
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Politicians like lotteries because they don’t have to pay extra tax．
B．The popularity of lotteries in America actually is social progress．
C．Some critics don’t like lotteries because many poor people waste their money on them．
D．People love the lottery because it is a stock market．
In just one hour in the last few days, the Pennsylvania lottery sold tickets totaling ．
A．$1.62million B．﹩90million C．﹩9.6million D．﹩87million
People who are addicted to playing lotteries should ．
A．join a club B．kick the habitw.
C．win the Pennsylvania D．save every cent
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