To many Americans，Labor Day marks the end of the summer，a day off from work and school，and one last chance to relax．But Labor Day is much more than just a day off . It represents a very important victory for laborers everywhere．The holiday is a celebration of the social and economic achievements of American workers．
More than a century ago，workers were forced to deal with harsh conditions．They were paid very little, and they often worked 10-to l2-hour days．Men, women and even small children were forced to work even when they were sick．Tired of long hours and dangerous conditions，workers began organizing themselves into labor unions．On top of fighting for higher pay and shorter workdays，they also fought for the rights of children．The workers wanted employers to place limits on the age of their workers so that small children were not overworked or hurt in factories．
A New York City carpenter named Peter McGuire is credited for coming up with the idea for Labor Day．In 1872，after working many hours under poor conditions, McGuire rallied 100,000 workers to go on strike．The workers marched through the streets of New York City，demanding a better work environment．McGuire spent a decade fighting for workers’ rights．In 1882，he proposed the idea to create a special holiday for workers．On Tuesday，September 5，1882．more than 10,000 workers hit the streets of New York City for the first ever Labor Day parade．Two years later the celebration was moved to the first Monday in September．And in 1894，Congress passed a law making Labor Day a national holiday．
Americans celebrated the first Labor Day holiday with a parade，picnics and fireworks．Today，many people hit the road to enjoy the last of their summer vacation．Others enjoy the long weekend with picnics，backyard barbecues or just rest and relaxation．However you spend Labor Day，remember that the holiday is a time to pay tribute (致敬)to the workers who have made America what it is today．
【小题1】What do we know from Paragraph 1 ?

A．surprised	B．thankful
C．dissatisfied	D．superior

To many Americans，Labor Day marks the end of the summer，a day off from work and school，and one last chance to relax．But Labor Day is much more than just a day off . It represents a very important victory for laborers everywhere．The holiday is a celebration of the social and economic achievements of American workers．

  More than a century ago，workers were forced to deal with harsh conditions．They were paid very little, and they often worked 10-to l2-hour days．Men, women and even small children were forced to work even when they were sick．Tired of long hours and dangerous conditions，workers began organizing themselves into labor unions．On top of fighting for higher pay and shorter workdays，they also fought for the rights of children．The workers wanted employers to place limits on the age of their workers so that small children were not overworked or hurt in factories．

  A New York City carpenter named Peter McGuire is credited for coming up with the idea for Labor Day．In 1872，after working many hours under poor conditions, McGuire rallied 100,000 workers to go on strike．The workers marched through the streets of New York City，demanding a better work environment．McGuire spent a decade fighting for workers’ rights．In 1882，he proposed the idea to create a special holiday for workers．On Tuesday，September 5，1882．more than 10,000 workers hit the streets of New York City for the first ever Labor Day parade．Two years later the celebration was moved to the first Monday in September．And in 1894，Congress passed a law making Labor Day a national holiday．

  Americans celebrated the first Labor Day holiday with a parade，picnics and fireworks．Today，many people hit the road to enjoy the last of their summer vacation．Others enjoy the long weekend with picnics，backyard barbecues or just rest and relaxation．However you spend Labor Day，remember that the holiday is a time to pay tribute (致敬)to the workers who have made America what it is today．

1.What do we know from Paragraph 1 ?

    A．Americans have more than a day off on Labor Day．

    B．Many countries in the world celebrate Labor Day．

    C．Labor Day has a deep meaning for American laborers．

    D．Labor Day shows the social and economic power of America．

2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

    A．American workers’ fighting against their employers．

    B．The bad life that American workers 1ed．

    C．How American employers treated their workers．

    D．The life that American workers ever expected．

3.The underlined word “rallied” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by“___________”．

A．persuaded    B．supported    C．rewarded    D．gathered

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

    A．There were about 100,000 workers in New York City in 1872．

    B．Labor Day became a national holiday in 1884．

    C．In 1872 Labor Day was first put forward by McGuire．

    D．The first ever Labor Day parade was held in 1882．

5.According to the author，while spending Labor Day，Americans should feel _________ ．

    A．surprised      B．thankful

    C．dissatisfied     D．superior

To many Americans，Labor Day(劳动节) marks the end of the summer，a day off from work and school，and one last chance to relax．But Labor Day is much more than just a day off . It represents a very important victory for laborers everywhere．The holiday is a celebration of the social and economic achievements of American workers．
More than a century ago workers were forced to deal with harsh conditions．They were paid very little and they often worked 10-to l2-hour days．Men, women and even small children were forced to work even when they were sick．Tired of long hours and dangerous conditions，workers began organizing themselves into labor unions．On top of fighting for higher pay and shorter workdays，they also fought for the rights of children．The workers wanted employers to place limits on the age of their workers so that small children were not overworked or hurt in factories．
A New York City carpenter named Peter McGuire is credited(获得赞誉) for coming up with the idea for Labor Day．In 1872，after working many hours under poor conditions, McGuire rallied 100,000 workers to go on strike．The workers marched through the streets of New York City，demanding a better work environment．McGuire spent a decade fighting for workers’ rights．In 1882，he proposed（提议）the idea to create a special holiday for workers．On Tuesday，September 5，1882, more than 10,000 workers hit the streets of New York City for the first ever Labor Day parade．Two years later the celebration was moved to the first Monday in September．And in 1894，Congress passed a law making Labor Day a national holiday．Americans celebrated the first Labor Day holiday with a parade，picnics and fireworks．
Today，many people hit the road to enjoy the last of their summer vacation．Others enjoy the long weekend with picnics，backyard barbecues or just rest and relaxation．However you spend Labor Day，remember that the holiday is a time to pay tribute (致敬)to the workers who have made America what it is today．

1. 1.

   What do we know from Paragraph 1?

   1. A.
      Americans have more than a day off on Labor Day．
   2. B.
      Many countries in the world celebrate Labor Day．
   3. C.
      Labor Day has a deep meaning for American laborers．
   4. D.
      Labor Day shows the social and economic power of America．
2. 2.

   The underlined word “rallied” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by“___________”．

   1. A.
      persuaded
   2. B.
      supported
   3. C.
      warned
   4. D.
      gathered
3. 3.

   Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

   1. A.
      There were about 100,000 workers in New York City in 1872．
   2. B.
      Labor Day became a national holiday in 1884．
   3. C.
      The idea for Labor Day was first put forward by McGuire in 1872．
   4. D.
      The first ever Labor Day parade was held in 1882．
4. 4.

   According to the author，while spending Labor Day，Americans should feel ___ ．

   1. A.
      surprised
   2. B.
      thankful
   3. C.
      dissatisfied
   4. D.
      terrified

If your child does well on a test，of course，you’re going to praise or her-but if you focus too often on achievements， children may not get the right message．Why?

An experiment by psychologist Carol Dweck at Columbia University in New York shows what happens when kids are praised for their efforts，and what happens when they’re praised for their intelligence．

Dweck got a group of ten―year一olds to do a series of puzzles easy enough so that all could do them well．Then they were told either，“You must be smart at this，”or，“You must have worked really hard．”

In the following tests，the kids praised for their efforts chose to do a harder set of puzzles．when give a task two years beyond their grade levels ,they worked hard and enjoyed the challenge , even when they didn't succeed. And in a final test at the same level as the first ,their scores improved by 25 percent. And the “smart” kids? They refused to try the harder puzzles, choosing the one that guaranteed them good scores. When they did work in the “too hard” tests , they became discouraged and upset. And when retested with the original puzzles, their scores declined by 20 percent.

Dweck’s conclusion：“When we praise kids for their intelligence，we tell them：  ‘Look smart，don’t risk making mistakes．’“By contrast，“emphasizing effort gives children an inspiring factor that they can control．”

41．The passage is written mainly for

A．children                                                  B．parents and teachers

C．professors                                              D．parents and children

42．Which of the statements may 1east support Mr．Dweck’s idea when you give praise to your student who does well on a test?

A. You must have taken a lot of efforts.

B．You’re smart and second to none．

C．You’re diligent in challenges．

D．Your hard work contributes to your achievements.

43．What does the author intend to tell readers?

A．Rewald your kids and students whenever they make progress.

B．Different praises will all benefit your students．

C．Praise your students as much as you can．

D．Focusing on kids’ efforts will improve their intelligence．

44．How did Mr．Dweck reach his conclusion?

A. With the help of his assistants.

B. By experiment and comparison．

C. Through interviews and questionnaires．

D．By cooperating with some teachers.