第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）

                               Sitting too much is now listed with smoking and junk food as a bad habit that increases your risk of heart disease.

New Australian research shows that half-an-hour in the gym will not make up for the waist-expanding damage caused by spending the rest of the day sitting.

But the good news is that doing chores (家务杂事) in the house or gently walking around the office while on the phone might be enough to keep you fit.

The study joins the growing body of evidence suggesting too much sitting might undo the benefits of exercise.

The study measured the intensity (强度) of physical activities in 168 subjects over seven days. It found that, regardless of how much exercise they did or their total sitting time, those who took more breaks from sitting had lower risk of thick waists and lower levels of blood lipids (脂质).

“Higher levels of blood lipids have been linked to a heightened risk of heart disease,” principal researcher Genevieve Healy of the University of Queensland said. “What the study shows is that there are benefits in just getting up regularly and interrupting your sitting time.”

Researchers behind the Stand Up Australia project have written to the Rudd Government requesting $3.5 million for a two-year study into how long sitting affects health and productivity of workers. The study would also develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time on the job.

The latest study builds on work that is shifting the health promotion focus from purposeful exercise, such as running, to lower intensity activities throughout the day.

The Australian research has been backed up by US studies.

“To hold a body that weighs 77 kilograms upright takes a fair amount of energy from muscles,” said Professor Marc Hamilton from the University of Missouri. “There is a large amount of energy associated with standing every day that cannot be easily replaced by 30 to 60 minutes in the gym.”

56.The study shows that            .

A. exercising for 30 minutes in the gym is good after sitting too long

B. walking is the best physical activity after sitting too long

C. sitting too long in the office causes the waist to expand

D. having breaks from sitting is good for your health

57.What’s the aim of the Stand Up Australia project?

A. To develop and test strategies for reducing working time.

B. To study the reasons for the longer sitting time in the office.

C. To develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time at work.

D. To study the factors influencing productivity of workers.

58.The purpose of the last paragraph is to        .

A. provide a scientific basis for the benefits of standing up

B. compare the effect of standing with exercising in the gym

C. report the new research findings of Professor Marc Hamilton

D. figure out the amount of energy associated with daily standing

59.The health promotion focus used to be on         .

A. purposeful exercise                        B. running

C. lower intensity activities              D. long sitting

60.What’s the best title for the text?

 A. Exercise in the Gym Is Out                  B. Your Office Chair Is Killing You

 C. A Cause of Heart Disease          D. Good News for Workers

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）

                               Sitting too much is now listed with smoking and junk food as a bad habit that increases your risk of heart disease.

New Australian research shows that half-an-hour in the gym will not make up for the waist-expanding damage caused by spending the rest of the day sitting.

But the good news is that doing chores (家务杂事) in the house or gently walking around the office while on the phone might be enough to keep you fit.

The study joins the growing body of evidence suggesting too much sitting might undo the benefits of exercise.

The study measured the intensity (强度) of physical activities in 168 subjects over seven days. It found that, regardless of how much exercise they did or their total sitting time, those who took more breaks from sitting had lower risk of thick waists and lower levels of blood lipids (脂质).

“Higher levels of blood lipids have been linked to a heightened risk of heart disease,” principal researcher Genevieve Healy of the University of Queensland said. “What the study shows is that there are benefits in just getting up regularly and interrupting your sitting time.”

Researchers behind the Stand Up Australia project have written to the Rudd Government requesting $3.5 million for a two-year study into how long sitting affects health and productivity of workers. The study would also develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time on the job.

The latest study builds on work that is shifting the health promotion focus from purposeful exercise, such as running, to lower intensity activities throughout the day.

The Australian research has been backed up by US studies.

“To hold a body that weighs 77 kilograms upright takes a fair amount of energy from muscles,” said Professor Marc Hamilton from the University of Missouri. “There is a large amount of energy associated with standing every day that cannot be easily replaced by 30 to 60 minutes in the gym.”

56.The study shows that            .

A. exercising for 30 minutes in the gym is good after sitting too long

B. walking is the best physical activity after sitting too long

C. sitting too long in the office causes the waist to expand

D. having breaks from sitting is good for your health

57.What’s the aim of the Stand Up Australia project?

A. To develop and test strategies for reducing working time.

B. To study the reasons for the longer sitting time in the office.

C. To develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time at work.

D. To study the factors influencing productivity of workers.

58.The purpose of the last paragraph is to        .

A. provide a scientific basis for the benefits of standing up

B. compare the effect of standing with exercising in the gym

C. report the new research findings of Professor Marc Hamilton

D. figure out the amount of energy associated with daily standing

59.The health promotion focus used to be on         .

A. purposeful exercise                 B. running

C. lower intensity activities          D. long sitting

60.What’s the best title for the text?

 A. Exercise in the Gym Is Out           B. Your Office Chair Is Killing You

 C. A Cause of Heart Disease        D. Good News for Workers

The fourth round of heavy smog to hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.

Pan Shiyi, a celebrity, said he is planning to propose a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents (应答者) , welcomed his proposal.

They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（雾霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide enough protection, so some people have turned to gas masks.

The causes of the frightening smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame too much emissions (排放) and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is enough wind to clear it away. Some critics blamed China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of high-polluting gas fuel.

Meanwhile, some Beijingers have moved their brainstorming discussion to computers. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter limit to industrial and engine gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.

Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.

1.Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?

A. To know the public’s opinions on pollution

B. To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather

C. To call on people to support his proposal

D. To collect supporting evidence for his proposal

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A. People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.

B. Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.

C. Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.

D. Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.

3.Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to ______.

A. suggest Beijing should learn from other countries

B. let people know many places have this problem

C. tell people the situation in Britain is worse

D. call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act

4. What’s the best title for this passage？

A. The Use of Gas masks and Engines

B. Beijingers Call for Clean Air Act

C. Effective Protection for Blue Sky

D. The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog

The fourth round of heavy smog to hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory（呼吸的） illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a celebrity real estate developer said he is planning to propose (提案) a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents（应答者）, welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo, China's Twitter.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（雾霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection, so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators（呼吸器）.
The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard, high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
【小题1】What can we learn from the passage?