“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1985, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lighining-bug(萤火虫)。But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Althoug fan became the usual term. sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseballbugs, and the like.

Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

         We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”

1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that ___________.

A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C.the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D.both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2.What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Explanation.           B. Finding.                   C. Origin.            D. Fault.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with__________.

A. the misunderstanding of the word bug

B. the development of the word bug

C. the public views of the word bug

D. the special characteristics of the word bug

Women with an hourglass figure have brains to go with their curves (曲线), scientists claim. Going in at the waist is said to be a sign of intelligence which leads to brighter children, too. Women such as Nigella Lawson with a big difference between their waist and hip measurements scored singificantly better in tests than those with thinner, straighter frames. Researchers concluded that it was not necessary for a woman to be skinny―what mattered is that her waist should be smaller than her hips. A ratio of 3:5 was found to be ideal.

The study, by the Universities of Pittsburgh and Califrnia, involved 16,000 women and girls.

According to the scientists, the results are no mere quirk of nature. They claim that the fat around curvy hips and thighs (大腿) holds higher levels of -3 fatty acids which are essential for the growth of the brain during pregnancy(怀孕). The fat which collects around the waist, however, is more likely to contain -6 fatty acids, which are less suited to brain growth.

Reporting in the journal Evolution an Human Behaviour, the researchers found that the children of curvy mothers are more likely to do well in cognitive tests than others. They claim that this could help explain why the children of teenage mothers―who might not yet be physically mature enough to have developed real curves―tend to do less well in school.

As well as boosting (提升) brainpower, －3 fatty acids found in oily fish are considered to be of huge health benefit.

Althoug the study analysed women’s bodies only, －3 fatty acids are also stored in men’s hips. However, it is not known whether men with wide hips benefit from the same brainpower boost.

72．Which shows the possible shape of an hourglass?

                A.                        B.                     C.                           D.

73．Suppose the following measurements are taken from four women. Which of them is more likely to have bright children?

A. Waist：60cm；Hip：100cm           B. Waist：60cm；Hip：80cm

C. Waist：55cm；Hip：60cm            D. Waist：120cm；Hip：110cm

74．The underlined sentence“the results are no mere quirk of nature”possibly

 tells us the results      .

A. can be explained scientifically          B. are strange and hard to explain

C. have just come about by chance      D. are very interesting

75．According to the researchers, teenage mothers tend to have less bright children because      .

A. they aren’t so good at childcare      

B. they usually have less fat than mature women

C. they aren’t physically strong enough      

D. their waist and hip measurements differ less

“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1985, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lighining-bug(萤火虫)。But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Althoug fan became the usual term. sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseballbugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”

1. 1.

   We learn from Paragraph 1 that ___________

   1. A.
      Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug
   2. B.
      George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
   3. C.
      the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century
   4. D.
      both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
2. 2.

   What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?

   1. A.
      Explanation
   2. B.
      Finding
   3. C.
      Origin
   4. D.
      Fault
3. 3.

   The passage is mainly concerned with__________

   1. A.
      the misunderstanding of the word bug
   2. B.
      the development of the word bug
   3. C.
      the public views of the word bug
   4. D.
      the special characteristics of the word bug