Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the job’s wages, its holidays and its other benefits.
Job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.
Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing by contrast, is not designed to address the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities.
As would be expected, most job sharers are women. A survey carried out in 1988 by Britain’s Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence.
The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.
【小题1】In what way is work sharing different from job sharing?

A．Work sharing requires more working hours.

B．Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.

C．Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.

D．Work sharing depends on the employer’s decision.

【小题2】According to paragraph4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional part-time work mainly because______.

A．they sought higher social status

B．they were over ideal working ages

C．they had difficulty finding full-time jobs

D．they had to take care of both work and family

【小题3】In job sharing the partners should ______.

A．enjoy equal social status

B．have similar work experience

C．keep in touch with each other

D．know each other very well

MEGADIM, Israel (AP)-The worst forest fire in Israel's history on Thursday destroyed one of the country's few forested areas, killing at least 36 guards on their way to rescue prisoners there, destroying homes and forcing the evacuation (疏散) of thousands. The fire ran through the Carmel forest in Israel's Galilee, reaching the coastal city of Haifa, jumping from place to place in the forest. The fire broke out around midday and quickly spread and was still burning out of control as midnight approached. Investigators (调查者) supposed that the fire could have been set accidentally, or it might have been a criminal act, but pretty much ruled out (排除) some sort of attack by a Palestinian group. “This is a huge disaster，” Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said. “The government is using all means to control the fire.” He said some countries such as Cyprus, Italy, Russia and Greece agreed to provide backup. Most of the dead were Prison Service guards racing through the fire toward a prison to evacuate the prisoners, most of them Palestinians. A tree fell across the road, blocking their bus. Some guards were burned alive inside, while others died as they tried to escape. Fourteen bodies were found near the burnt bus 10 hours after the fire started. The fire heavily damaged one of Israel's few large forests, made up of natural growth and planted areas, a favorite place for camping and a home for dozens of species of wildlife. Forestry workers tried to evacuate animals from the fire. The forest recovered slowly from a fire in 1989, but experts said Thursday's big fire was many times worse.
【小题1】Some Prison Service guards died when they tried to ________.

A．control the running prisoners	B．put out the fierce forest fire
C．get away from the burning bus	D．save the guards trapped in the fire ．

【小题2】According to the investigators, which of the following might be the cause of the fire?

A．Prisoners set the fire purposely.	B．The fire broke out all by itself.
C．A Palestinian group did it.	D．The fire was started by accident.

【小题3】We learn from the text that ________.

A．all of the dead were Prison Service guards

B．the forest once suffered a fire in the 1980s

C．the animals didn't suffer from the fire

D．the fire caused 50 deaths altogether ．

【小题4】The text is mainly about ________.

A．the worst forest fire in Israel's history

B．the actual cause of the worst ever forest fire

C．the damage caused by the forest fire

D．the government's efforts in controlling the fire

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

 

Most people have some regret that they just can’t seem to get rid of. But holding on to regret about the past that can’t be changed can have a bad impact on the possibility of a happy future. Regret is a waste of time, emotion and energy. To make sure that your life is a successful one, you need to take action to live in a way that you have no regret holding you back.

Some people make very big decisions with very little consideration at all, and as a result they often regret their decisions. Before choosing a college major, getting married or accepting a job, you must carefully consider all conditions and make a conscious decision rather than a careless one. Big decisions aren’t the only ones that require forethought, though. Before you become angry and say something you will regret later, think about what you’re going to say.

Some of things will be easy to do and some will be hard, but keep your eyes on the prize of living a successful life without regret, and you’ll find that achieving your goals might be easier than you think. But don’t just daydream about those goals — make an actual list, written down in black and white, and refer to it now and then to see what you have left to do.

When you’re feeling happy and full of energy, taking care of yourself isn’t a problem. But in those days when you feel like crawling beneath the bed and never coming out again, you still must take care of yourself. You can do what you want and don’t get angry with yourself about your shortcomings. On the contrary, you just admit them and try to change them and move on. Improving your mental health is just as important as taking care of yourself physically.

Keep those who are important to you very close and be sure to let them know how important they are to you. Family, friends, co-workers and people who are as close as your families are your lifelines that you can depend on whenever you need them to help you remember what’s important in life. You should make sure of repairing your relationships with your friends if something bad happens.

Last but not least, learn to give yourself some relaxation（放松） and not to waste your time regretting things you cannot change. Treat those things properly and move on. Life is hard, but it is precious. Don’t waste time regretting the past, or your future will get here before you know it.

 

Title	Living without regret
Theme	Regret is a normal part of life. What you should do is to take action to make your life a 1.__________ without regret.
2.__________ for getting rid of regret	▲Regret about the past can greatly 3.__________ your possible happy future. ▲Regret wastes time, emotion and energy.
4.__________	5.__________ twice before you act.	Take everything into 6.__________ consideration before making decisions or saying something.
List the things you want to do.	▲Focus your eyes on the things which will bring you happiness. ▲Put your7.__________ into practice.
Take care of yourself.	Make sure that you are in good8.__________ both physically and mentally.
Keep close relationships.	Keep close to those who are 9.__________ to you.
Don’t care about small things.	Don’t regret things that cannot be 10.__________ and treasure the present-day life.

 

 

 

Ⅱ 语言知识及应用 (共两节。满分35分)

第一节 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Being probably the most complex female character in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Ophelia deserves special attention because she is treated as a substitute for Stowe’s intended audience. Ophelia    __21_ what Mrs. Stowe, the author, considered a widespread Northern problem: the white person who opposes slavery but feels __22_ prejudice and hatred in the presence of a black slave. Ophelia hates slavery, but she considers it almost _23__ for blacks, against whom she harbors a deep-seated prejudice. And she doesn’t want them to touch her. Stowe stresses that much of Ophelia’s prejudice _24__ from unfamiliarity and ignorance rather than from actual _25__ Because Ophelia has seldom spent time along with __26_, she finds them uncomfortably alien (不相容) to her.

But Ophelia seems to be one of the only characters in the novel whose character _27__ as the story progresses. Once St. Clare puts Topsy in her care, Ophelia is forced to be in _28__ with a slave. At first she begins to teach Topsy __29_ out of duty. But Stowe suggests that duty alone will not root out slavery and that those against slavery must act out of love. Eva’s death leads to  Ophelia’s change, and she comes to love Topsy as an actual human being and not just a slave. She   _30__ her racial prejudice and offers herself as a model to Stowe’s Northern readers.

21. A. reflects  B. supposes     C. suspects      D. provides

22. A. various  B. arbitrary      C. racial   D. awful

23. A. impossible     B. necessary    C. unfair   D. important

24. A. suffers              B. differs  C. releases       D. results

25. A. practice       B. performance        C. experience  D. application

26. A. slaves    B. readers        C. Stowe  D. characters

27. A. increases       B. disappears  C. refreshes     D. develops

28. A. trouble  B. danger          C. contact         D. comparison

29. A. hardly    B. merely C. specially       D. properly

30. A. hides      B. overcomes  C. reserves       D. prohibits