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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
The word health can be used in a number of ways.In the past, health was only the absence of disease or illness.Today, though, health has a broader meaning.Health is the state of your well-being that includes how you feel physically, mentally, and socially.Wellness is another term that describes this broader view of health.You can understand the need for a broader definition(定义)if you think about how health in your life is different from health in your grandparents’ lives.
In 1900, the main causes of death were diseases that were spread by bacteria(细菌)and viruses(病毒).If you had lived then, the danger of your dying from pneumonia(肺炎)would have been three times greater than the danger of your dying from cancer.
The diseases that were most common in 1900 affected people of all ages.It is not surprising, then that around 1900, the emphasis(重点)of health was on freedom from illness.Today many of the diseases that were common in 1900 can be prevented or cured by improved medicines and methods of sanitation(卫生).Most diseases now are likely to occur late in life.You, as a teenager, will probably mot have to think about the same threats to your health as our grandparents did.
These improvements in health conditions mean that not only can you now enjoy a better life, but you also have a greater chance of having a longer life.Controlling diseases has increased the life expectancy in the Unites States.Generally, people born more recently have higher life expectancies.Since 1900, the life expectancy in the United States has increased by more than 27 years.It has increased from 47 years for those born in 1900 to 74 years in 1981.
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