Thirty-two people watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one's fellow man?

Not so, say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe（探查） the reasons why people didn't act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency(紧急情况).

　　Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma （昏迷） from diabetes（糖尿病）? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?

Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it steam pipes? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It's not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.

　　Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won't get the help he needs.

The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be tested. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the tests. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the testing room and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder.

Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.

In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn't. They do not feel any direct responsibility.

Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt the other person's trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.

1.The purpose of this passage is_________.

2.Which of the following is NOT true?

3. The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act in emergencies when__________.

4.The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that _________.

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Mary had her own special kind of joy, and she knew exactly how to spread it around. She lifted children from 　31　 into laughter, love, and belonging. Each time she found a new 　32　 for a child, she gave the family one of her little homemade paper roses. It had become a 　33　 for her, and the families didn't ever forget it.
One evening, Mary was 　34　a meeting for adoptive parents. One of the 　35　 fathers stood up to introduce himself. But before he spoke, he reached into his coat pocket and held up a 　36　, red paper rose.
“Twenty years ago today, I felt alone and 　37　. I didn't know the talents inside me or what was possible for me.
Then Mary 　38　 two wonderful people into my life. They taught me what it was like to feel 　39　. They not only loved me 　40　. They opened a world of 　41　 that I didn't know existed. My new parents told me, ‘Reach for your dreams!’
I did, and today I'm 　42　 to be giving that chance to a child who 　43　 just like me. My mother gave me this little rose. By now, all of you 　44　 where she got it so long ago.
Mary sent me a new rose just yesterday. And my new rose 　45　a new spring, a beautiful new 　46　 for my own little girl. It 　47　 me to show her what unconditional love is, and to teach her to reach for her own beautiful dreams.
Thank you, Mary, for the special little things like roses that 　48　 our lives together. And thank you for all you've done for me and so many families over the years!”
One brief even can send our spirits soaring or 　49　 us in quiet to ponder a new beginning.　50　 it is also the very small things, like Mary's roses, that tie together the meaningful things.
31.A. poverty                    B. loneliness              C. misery                   D. suffering
32.A. home               B. place             C. school             D. life
33.A. glory                B. favor              C. habit              D. tradition
34.A. organizing      B. planning                C. hosting             D. attending
35. A. new                 B. grateful                 C. kind               D. active
36. A. broken              B. faded                         C. treasured           D. dried
37.A. tasteless             B. powerless                C. priceless             D. worthless
38.A. directed             B. introduced             C. brought            D. accepted
39.A. loved            B. protected          C. cared             D. cheered
40.A. silently              B. continuously             C. unintentionally      D. unconditionally
41.A. necessities         B. possibilities                     C. beauties            D. riches
42.A. eager            B. willing                  C. proud             D. lucky
43.A. started out        B. came up                 C. turned out          D. grew up
44.A. understand         B. guess                     C. tell               D. know  
45.A. replaces           B. symbolizes               C. equals            D. creates
46.A. chance           B. mystery                    C. challenge           D. beginning
47.A. reminds              B. helps                        C. accompanies        D. drives
48.A. fix              B. close                C. tie                  D. gather
49.A. cause              B. push                        C. put                           D. leave
50.A. Yet               B. Besides                    C. Otherwise          D. Therefore

He drove after drinking alcohol, having a severe accident and had to get his arms removed．Since then, he has had to __31__ on his younger brother, who became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was totally unable to do __32__ else. As the two brothers grew up together, they had their own problems and would often __33__. Finally, his younger brother went away and lived __34__, leaving him heartbroken and at a loss what to do.

　　　 __35__, a misfortune befell（降临）a girl. One night she was preparing dinner when the kerosene light on the stove was overturned, __36__ in a fire which took her hands away. Having decidedly __37__ her sister’s willingness to help her, she determined to be thoroughly __38__. At school, she always studied hard．Most of all she learned to be self-reliant. “I am lucky. Though my __39__ are broken, my heart can still fly.” she wrote in her blog.

　　　 One day, the young man and the girl were both invited to a（n）__40__ programme. The boy told the television hostess about his __41__ future, whereas the girl was full of __42__ for her life. They were both asked to write something on a piece of paper with their __43__. The boy: My younger brother’s arms are my arms. The girl: Broken wings, flying heart.

　　　 They had both gone through the same ordeal（痛苦经历）, but their different __44__ determined the nature of their lives. As seems the case, __45__ disasters can strike our life at any time. How you handle the __46__ when faced with it is the true __47__ of your character. If you choose to __48__ or escape from the ordeal, it will follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the __49__ will turn out to be a fortune on which new __50__will arise.

31．A．live　　　　　　　　　　 B．stand　　　　　　　　　 C．rely　　　　　　　　　　 D．assist

33．A．quarrel　　　　　　　 B．share　　　　　　　　　 C．support　　　　　　　 D．dislike

34．A．happily　　　　　　　 B．lonely　　　　　　　　 C．separately　　　　　 D．disappointedly

35．A．Unfortunately　　　 B．Unexpectedly　　　 C．Similarly　　　　　　 D．Naturally[来

36．A．leading　　　　　　　 B．bringing　　　　　　　 C．causing　　　　　　　 D．resulting

37．A．turned to　　　　　　 B．turned down　　　 C．turned off　　　　　 D．turned against

38．A．alone　　　　　　　　　 B．free　　　　　　　　　　 C．independent　　　　 D．successful

39．A．arms　　　　　　　　　 B．wings　　　　　　　　 C．dreams　　　　　　　 D．promises

40．A．interview　　　　　　 B．radio　　　　　　　　　 C．sports　　　　　　　　 D．health

41．A．hopeful　　　　　　　 B．uncertain　　　　　　 C．bright　　　　　　　　 D．miserable

42．A．calmness　　　　　　 B．enthusiasm　　　　 C．patience　　　　　　 D．excitement

43．A．hands　　　　　　　　 B．strength　　　　　　　 C．toes　　　　　　　　　 D．mouths

44．A．characters　　　　　 B．desires　　　　　　　 C．opinions　　　　　　 D．attitudes

45．A．unexpected　　　　 B．passive　　　　　　　 C．rough　　　　　　　　 D．serious

46．A．emergency　　　　 B．misfortune　　　　　 C．difficulty　　　　　　 D．accident

47．A．test　　　　　　　　　　 B．reflection　　　　　　 C．display　　　　　　　 D．problem

48．A．ignore　　　　　　　　 B．resist　　　　　　　　　 C．complain　　　　　　 D．suffer

49．A．problem　　　　　　 B．result　　　　　　　　 C．failure　　　　　　　　 D．hardship

50．A．solutions　　　　　　 B．ways　　　　　　　　　 C．rewards　　　　　　 D．hopes

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Mary had her own special kind of joy, and she knew exactly how to spread it around. She lifted children from 　31　 into laughter, love, and belonging. Each time she found a new 　32　 for a child, she gave the family one of her little homemade paper roses. It had become a 　33　 for her, and the families didn't ever forget it.

One evening, Mary was 　34　 a meeting for adoptive parents. One of the 　35　 fathers stood up to introduce himself. But before he spoke, he reached into his coat pocket and held up a 　36　, red paper rose.

“Twenty years ago today, I felt alone and 　37　. I didn't know the talents inside me or what was possible for me.

Then Mary 　38　 two wonderful people into my life. They taught me what it was like to feel 　39　. They not only loved me 　40　. They opened a world of 　41　 that I didn't know existed. My new parents told me, ‘Reach for your dreams!’

I did, and today I'm 　42　 to be giving that chance to a child who 　43　 just like me. My mother gave me this little rose. By now, all of you 　44　 where she got it so long ago.

Mary sent me a new rose just yesterday. And my new rose 　45　 a new spring, a beautiful new 　46　 for my own little girl. It 　47　 me to show her what unconditional love is, and to teach her to reach for her own beautiful dreams.

Thank you, Mary, for the special little things like roses that 　48　 our lives together. And thank you for all you've done for me and so many families over the years!”

One brief even can send our spirits soaring or 　49　 us in quiet to ponder a new beginning.　50　 it is also the very small things, like Mary's roses, that tie together the meaningful things.

A. poverty                B. loneliness               C. misery                    D. suffering

A. home           B. place               C. school              D. life

A. glory            B. favor               C. habit               D. tradition

A. organizing        B. planning                 C. hosting              D. attending

A. new              B. grateful                  C. kind                D. active

A. broken          B. faded                    C. treasured            D. dried

A. tasteless         B. powerless                 C. priceless              D. worthless

A. directed         B. introduced               C. brought             D. accepted

A. loved           B. protected            C. cared              D. cheered

A. silently        B. continuously          C. unintentionally   D. unconditionally

A. necessities      B. possibilities                C. beauties             D. riches

A. eager          B. willing                     C. proud              D. lucky

A. started out      B. came up                   C. turned out           D. grew up

A. understand      B. guess                      C. tell               D. know  

A. replaces        B. symbolizes                C. equals            D. creates

A. chance         B. mystery               C. challenge            D. beginning

A. reminds            B. helps                        C. accompanies         D. drives

A. fix             B. close                 C. tie                   D. gather

A. cause            B. push                        C. put                            D. leave

A. Yet            B. Besides                    C. Otherwise           D. Therefore

At the age of 13，I visited a doctor with my parents. As I sat in the examining chair，the doctor looked into my 　31　.“She did inherit (继承) it，”he said with coldness.“You need to be prepared. There is no 　32　 for this disease.”
My father 　33　a gene which，in most cases，results in blindness. I’d inherited the gene. He gradually 　34　 his eyesight and so did I. At last we were both 　35　 blind—he was fifty-seven years old，　36　 I was only twenty-eight.
My world 　37　 as the darkness fell，　38　 the dreams my husband and I had for us and for our three little boys. But 　39　 I tried to find some hope and 　40　，my eyes were opened to a new realization.
My father had 　41　 me not just failing eyesight，but an example of 　42　 in the face of hardships as well. We were all living in Bolivia in 1964 when he decided to 　43　 the family to America. He worked tirelessly to 　44 the right of living in the US.
Alone in the States，he 　45　 his helplessness and lack of fluency in English. He managed to rent a small apartment，and nine months later，sent airline tickets for my mom，my brother and me.
Decades later，　46 an American citizen，I look back at what he'd shown me. He set an example proving that determination is important to success. His 　47　 taught me valuable lessons for my own path in the darkness.
I did the same as I stepped into a 　48　 world. I fulfilled (完成) my own 　49　 as a wife，mom，Sunday school teacher and Spanish interpreter. What I inherited from my father helped me to 50　 my life in a whole new light.