4.sweep up打扫；横扫

[短语归纳]

sweep aside放[堆]到一边, 不予理会

sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走

sweep off扫清; 吹走; 大量清除

sweep out扫掉; 清除

sweep over将...一扫而光

[练习]选择短语并用恰当的形式填空。

1) After the party, the house needed ____________.

2) The leaves were _________ into the air by the strong wind.

A. sweep off　 B. sweep over　 C. sweep up　 D. sweep out

Keys: 1.sweeping up 2. swept up

3.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见....../ 瞥见……

[重点用法]

get／have(a)sight of　 看见，发现

at(the)sight of 一看见

at first sight　 乍一见　　

out of sight　 不被看见，在视线之外　　

out of sight of　 在……看不见的地方

in／within sight　 被见到，在视线内

in／within sight of在……看得见的地方

[练习] 汉译英

1)　　　 他一直挥手直至火车消失在视线中.

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2)　　　 尽管忙于家务，那个母亲也能让孩子不走出她的视线。

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3)　　　 一看到这幅画,教授就被深深地吸引住了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1)He waved until the train was out of sight. 2)Though busy with housework, the mother still can keep her child in sight. 3)At the sight of the painting, the professor was attracted deeply.

2.be similar to 与……相似

[典例]

1) His views are similar to mine.他的观点与我的很相似.

2) They are similar to each other in appearance.他们在长相上非常相似。

[相似短语归纳]

be familiar to …对某人来说是熟悉的

be familiar with 某人对…很熟悉

in a similar way以与...相似的方式

[练习] 汉译英

1)　　　 如果我们总是以相似的方法去思考,我们几乎不能跳出这个圈子。

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2)　　　 在经济发展方面,印度和中国很相似。

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Key: 1) We can hardly escape the circle if we still think in a similar way. 2) India is very similar to China in the development of economy.

1. take up　 从事；占(时间、空间、注意力、等)；继续

　[典例]

1)This table takes up too much room．这张桌子太占地方。

2)She has taken up a job as a teacher．她当上老师了。

3)This chapter takes up where the last one off．　 本章继续上一章的内容。

[短语归纳]

take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：

take over接管：获得对…的控制或管理

take apart拆开：分开后将…分成许多部分

take for把…视作：误认为

take …for granted认为……是理所当然

take down写下,记下

take back收回(诺言);

[练习]根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子或翻译句子。　　

1)To keep healthy，Professor Johnson __________(从事；开始做)cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired．　　

2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _______(从事，占据)most of her day．

3) 你以为我是个傻瓜吗?

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4) 不要把沉默误认为是同意。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1)took up 2)takes up 3) Do you take me for a fool? 4)Don't take silence for approval.

8.　　　　 assist vt.／vi．帮助；援助订．参与，出席

[重点用法]

assist sb． in/with sth．辅助(某人)某事

assist sb．in doing sth．　 辅助(某人)做某事

assist sb．to do sth．　 辅助(某人)做某事

assist with　 帮助(照料，做)；在……上给予帮助

[典例]

1)I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity．

有机会我愿随时帮你。

2)I'm afraid I can't assist you，you have to go and see the manager．

我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。

3)The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free．

有空时校长帮忙做了很多事。

4)You will be required to assist Mrs．Smith in preparing a report．

你将要帮助史密斯夫人准备一份报告。

[练习] 　根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。　　

1)The young nurse was very nervous when she ________ in her first operation．　　

2)A team of nurses __________ the doctor ________ performing me operation．

3)She employed a woman to _____ her _____ the housework．　　

4)Good glasses will ________ you _________ read．　

Keys: 1)was assisting 2)assisted; in 3) assist; with 4)assist; to

Ⅳ重点词组　 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

7.　　　　 require v.需要；要求；命令

[重点用法]　　

require+ n./ pron. /doing sth./ to do sth．/that-clause

[典例]

1) This suggestion will require careful thought. 这建议需要仔细考虑。　　

2) To carry out this plan would require increasing our staff by 50%．　　

执行这-计划需要增加50%的人员。　　

[练习]用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。 　　

1)His health requires that he _____(go)to bed early．　　

2)The floor requires _______ (wash)．　　

Keys: 1) (should) go　 2)washing

6.　　　　 lack vt.缺乏；没有　 n.缺乏；短缺的东西

[重点用法]

lack sth.(wisdom／common sense／money缺乏智慧／常识/金钱)

be lacking in (courage／determination to do...) 缺乏做某事的勇气／决心

a／the lack of…　 ……的缺乏

for lack of　 因缺乏……

have no lack of 不缺乏

[典例]

1) You will not be lacking in support from me. 你将得到我的帮助

2) I lacked for nothing. 我不需要任何东西

[练习]用lack的适当形式填空。　 　

1)Though _________(1ack)money，his parents managed to send him to university．　　

2)He completely _______ conscience．

3)She is ________ in responsibility.

4) ______ of rest makes her look tired.

Keys: 1)lacking 2)lacked 3) lacking 4)Lack

5.　　　　 previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的

[重点用法]

previous to 在……之前

[典例]

1)He did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好。

2)His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的尝试成功了。

3)Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter.

在会议召开之前,我们讨论了这个问题.

[练习] 汉译英

1)你以前有过这种工作经验吗？

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)来这里之前,我为你准备了文件.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1)Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job? 2)Previous to coming here, I prepared all the documents for you.

4.　　　　 remind v.提醒；使想起

[典例]

1) The picture reminds me of my college days．这张照片使我想起了大学里的日子。

2) Remind me to write to father．请提醒我给父亲写信。

3) Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。

[重点用法]

remind sb．of sth．=remind sb．about... 提醒某人某事；

remind sb．that也可以表示“提醒某人做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。

[考例]单项填空

　What you said just now_____ me of that American professor.

A. mentioned　 B. informed　 C. reminded　 D. memorized

[解析]remind sb. of sth.使/让某人想起某事；informed sb. of sth.通知某人事情。A,D都无此结构。答案：C。

[练习]根据句子的意思在横线里填入适当的词。　　

1)Please remind yourself often ______ your weak points，shortcomings and mistakes．　　

2)Please remind him _______________(post)the letters.

Keys: 1) of 2) to post

3.　　　　 impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念

[典例]

1) Your performance gave me a strong impression．你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。

2) What I said made no impression on him．我的话对他不起作用。

[重点用法]

impress v.留下印象

impress sth．on／upon one's mind 把……牢记在心上

have an impression of sth．／doing sth．that…

make an impression on sb．　 给某人留下印象

make no impression on 对……无影响／效果

give sb．a favorable impression给某人以好印象

an impression of sb's foot某人的脚印

[练习] 汉译英

1)　　　　 我隐约记得我们以前曾经见过面

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2)　　　　 你对他的印象如何? (他给你的印象怎样?)

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3)　　　　 我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。

Keys: 1)I have the impression that we have met once before. 2)What's your impression of him? 3)My father impressed on me the value of hard work.