The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem .

In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence (疏忽).

Researchers have pointed out that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can result from the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be clear. The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotion under control.

Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not only caused by drivers. Street walkers regularly go against traffic rules, they are to blame in most vehicle walker accidents , and many cyclists even believe that they don’t obey the basic rules of the road.

Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture (制造业) and through regular road-worthiness inspections (车辆上路安检). In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road.

The following is mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents except        .

A. careless bicycle riders      B. people walking in the street

C. irresponsible drivers        D. irresponsible manufacturers of automobiles

Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph 3?

A. To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.

B. To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.

C. To show some of the inaccurate statements by researchers.

D. To show the hidden tensions in the course of driving

What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?

A. To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.

B. To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

C. To discuss traffic problems and suggest possible solutions.

D. To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.

Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems?

A. Doubtful yet still longing for.   B. Happy and rather confident.

C. Surprised and very pleased.      D. Disappointed and not concerned.

The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem .

In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence (疏忽).

Researchers have pointed out that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can result from the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be clear. The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotion under control.

Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not only caused by drivers. Street walkers regularly go against traffic rules, they are to blame in most vehicle walker accidents , and many cyclists even believe that they don’t obey the basic rules of the road.

Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture (制造业) and through regular road-worthiness inspections (车辆上路安检). In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road.

1.The following is mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents except        .

A. careless bicycle riders        B. people walking in the street

C. irresponsible drivers D. irresponsible manufacturers of automobiles

2.Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph 3?

A. To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.

B. To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.

C. To show some of the inaccurate statements by researchers.

D. To show the hidden tensions in the course of driving

3.What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?

A. To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.

B. To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

C. To discuss traffic problems and suggest possible solutions.

D. To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.

4.Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems?

A. Doubtful yet still longing for.       B. Happy and rather confident.

C. Surprised and very pleased.         D. Disappointed and not concerned.

      The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the killing on the road may be regarded as a social problem.

       In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people---- just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a general truth both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence .

       Researchers have estimated  that as many as 80 percent of all automobile  accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort（歪曲） drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise clear. The experts warn that it is necessary for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s  emotions under control.

       Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers, Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents, and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the mad.

       Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been both at the point of manufacture and through periodic mad-worthiness inspection. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the mad.

71．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?

A．To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention

B．To improve understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

C．To discuss traffic problems and propose solutions.

D．To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving

72．According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because ____.

A．autos have become most destruction to mankind

B．people usually pay little attention to law and morality

C．civilization brings much harm to people

D．the lack of virtue（德行）is becoming more serious

73．Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?

A．To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents

B．To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.

C．To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.

D．To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.

74．Who are not mentioned as being responsible of the road accidents?

     A．Careless bicycle-riders.                    B．Mindless people walking in the street.

   C．Irresponsible drivers.                       D．Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.

75．Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problem?

   A．Doubtful yet still longing for             B．Happy and rather confident

    C．Surprised and very pleased.              D．Disappointed and deeply worried

The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the killing on the road may be regarded as a social problem.

       In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people – just ordinary people acting carelessness, you might say. But it is a general truth both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse then one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence（疏忽）.

       Researchers have estimated（估计）that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed（归结于）to the psychological condition of the drivers. Emotional upsets can distort（歪曲）drivers’ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise clear. The experts warn that it is necessary for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control. Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate（违反）traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents, and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.

       Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addiction, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road.

1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?

       A．To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.

       B．To improve understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

       C．To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.

       D．To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.

2．According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as ____.

       A．the destruction（毁灭）to mankind       B．a general truth

       C．a social problem                                  D．the legal right

3．Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?

       A．Careless bicycle-riders.                     B．Mindless people walking in the street.

       C．Irresponsible drivers                       D．Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.

4．Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems?

       A．Doubtful yet still longing for.                 B．Happy and rather confident.

       C．Surprised and very pleased.            D．Disappointed and deeply worried.

E

The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented . Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others . So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem .

In fact , the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly , you might say . But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others . A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence (疏忽).

Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver . Emotional upsets can distort drivers’ reactions , slow their judgment , and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident . The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotion under control .

Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers . Street walkers regularly violate (违反) traffic regulations , they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents , and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road .

Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years . Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture (制造业) and through periodic road-worthiness inspections . In addition , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures , the accident rate has decreased . But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave . The only real and lasting solution , say the experts , is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration . Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road .

1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage ?

       A．To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention .

       B．To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers .

       C．To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions .

       D．To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving .

2．Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three ?

       A．To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents .

       B．To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy .

       C．To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers .

       D．To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving

3．The following is mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents except       .

       A．careless bicycle riders     B．mindless people walking in the street

       C．irresponsible drivers       D．irresponsible manufacturers of automobiles

4．Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems ?

       A．Doubtful yet still longing for .       B．Happy and rather confident .

       C．Surprised and very pleased .   D．Disappointed and deeply worried .

E
The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented . Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others . So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem .
In fact , the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly , you might say . But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others . A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence (疏忽).
Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver . Emotional upsets can distort drivers’ reactions , slow their judgment , and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident . The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotion under control .
Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers . Street walkers regularly violate (违反) traffic regulations , they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents , and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road .
Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years . Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture (制造业) and through periodic road-worthiness inspections . In addition , speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures , the accident rate has decreased . But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave . The only real and lasting solution , say the experts , is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration . Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road .
1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage ?
A．To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention .
B．To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers .
C．To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions .
D．To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving .
2．Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three ?
A．To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents .
B．To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy .
C．To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers .
D．To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving
3．The following is mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents except       .
A．careless bicycle riders     B．mindless people walking in the street
C．irresponsible drivers       D．irresponsible manufacturers of automobiles
4．Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude toward a future without traffic accident problems ?
A．Doubtful yet still longing for .       B．Happy and rather confident .
C．Surprised and very pleased .   D．Disappointed and deeply worried .

阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

   The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented．Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others．So the killing on the road may be regarded as a social problem．

   In fact’the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people，just ordinary people acting carelessly，you might say But carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others．A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence（疏忽）．

   Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents are caused due to the psychological condition of the driver．Emotional upsets can s1ow drivers judgment and reactions，and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident．The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make all effort to keep one’s emotions under conlro1．

   Yet drivers are not the only people to blame for road accidents．Street walkers regularly break traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they need not follow the basic rules of the road.

    [写作内容]

    1．以约30词概括短文的要点；

    2．然后以约120个词就“如何减少交通事故”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点；

    a）交通事故造成的生命财产的损失；

b）人们应该如何避免交通事故；

    c）举例说明政府已采取了什么有效措施来减少交通事故的发生。

    [写作要求]

    1．可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得

直接引用原文中的句子；

    2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

    [评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯.

第二节：读写任务（满分25分）
阅读下短文，然后按照要求，写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the killing on the road may be regarded as a social problem.
In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people, just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence(疏忽).
Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents are caused due to the psychological(心理的) condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can slow drivers’ judgment and reactions, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make an effort to keep one’s emotions under control.
Yet drivers are not the only people to blame for road accidents. Street walkers regularly break traffic regulations, they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they need not follow the basic rules of the road.
[写作内容]
概括短文的内容要点，该部分约30词；
就“如何减少交通事故”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容
要点，该部分约120词；
交通事故造成的生命财产的损失；
人们应做出什么努力来减少交通事故的发生；
政府应采取什么措施来减少交通事故的发生。
[写作要求]
1．题目自定
2．你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的
内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。
[评分标准] 概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合适性以及篇章的连贯性。