【题目】我国某边防站(海拔4900米)的驻防官兵在艰苦的条件下,为改善生活试种蔬菜。他们先盖起简易阳光房,但种的蔬菜仍不能生长。后来,他们又在简易阳光房中搭架,架上盆栽,终于有了收获。回答下列各题。
【1】盖简易阳光房改造的自然条件主要是( )
A.热量 B.水分 C.土壤 D.光照
【2】在简易阳光房中再搭架盆栽,蔬菜才能生长,解决的问题是 ( )
A.蒸发量大 B.多虫害
C.地温低 D.太阳辐射强
【答案】
【1】A
【2】C
【解析】
试题分析:
【1】简易阳光房对太阳短波辐射几乎是透明体,大部分太阳辐射能够透过简易阳光房使房内增温,但是,简易阳光房,对增温后房内放出的长波辐射却是隔热的,所以达到增温的作用。这是农业生产中改造自然因素最成功的范例。所以,简易阳光房改造的自然条件主要是热量。答案选A项。
【2】在海拔4900米的地方地面温度比较低,虽然,用简易阳光房使温度提高许多,但是,由于大地具有热量交换,地面的温度还是不能适应作物的生长,而在简易阳光房中搭架用盆栽,和地面隔开,盆由于不直接和地面接触,热量交换少,所以就解决了地温低的问题,并且能够最大限度地利用垂直方向的光照。解题时这些道理不一定能够想得这样清楚,最好是用排除法,从材料中所给条件:“先盖起简易阳光房,但种的蔬菜仍不能生长”显然蔬菜仍不能生长,不会因为是蒸发量大小、多虫害、太阳辐射强,因此就只剩下“地温低”一个正确答案。答案选C项。
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书面表达
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