While most high school students spend most of their time worrying about who likes who, and different relationships between their classmates, I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports.
When I was young, my mother encouraged me to develop and keep friendship with boys in order to build strong relationships. But she told me not to risk a good friendship with a boy with the title of boyfriend. It’ s indeed a wise choice to stay friends with those of the opposite sex. In my opinion, even though some high school relationship might continue after graduation, the probability of them lasting much longer is so slim that there really is not a point to it.
Firstly you have to think about such a question— whether it is possible to hurt both of you, or even hurt both of your future husbands or wives. My second point is that you still can date if you hope marriage could possibly follow. Except this, there really is not any other reason for dating. Some students desire relationships for a chance to be romantic. While these are nice to have, there are many more important things at this point in our lives.
The titles of boyfriend and girlfriend put too much stress on a relationship between high school students. Just staying as common friends may be the best choice for us. I strongly recommend we should deal with it in an appropriate way and follow our teachers’ advice if necessary.
小题1:The author writes this passage probably for        to read.

A．high school students	B．school teachers
C．parents and teachers	D．married couples

小题2: Between sexes, the relationship of being good friends might be        than that of being boy/girl-friends.

A．weaker

B．safer

C．slimmer

D．stronger

小题3:How does the writer like the idea of dating among the students?

A．Dating is a nice chance for students to be romantic.

B．Studying is far more important than dating in school.

C．In high school dating can surely lead to future marriage.

D．Dating in high school is sure to hurt your future family.

小题4:The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph might refer to       .

A．the title of boyfriend or girlfriend at school

B．advice given by both teachers and parents

C．the pressure from school lessons and sports

D．the relationship between students of opposite sexes

Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.
Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese. Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience，researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音调)．
One of the study’s authors，Nina Kraus，said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”．This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs，Dr.Kraus said. She said music training might also help children with language problems.
Mandarin(普通话)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码) of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do. This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages，pitch plays a central role. A single­syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.
For this study，the researchers looked at 20 non­Chinese speaking volunteers，half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.
As they were shown a movie，the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word “mi” in three of its meanings：squint，bewilder and rice. The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds.
The lead author of the study，Patrick C．M.Wong，said it might work both ways. It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.
小题1:When learning Chinese，a foreigner will find ________.

A．he has a difficult time learning music at the same time

B．he has an easier time learning music at the same time

C．it is hard to master the tones required to speak and understand

D．it is easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch

小题2:Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?

A．Because there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.

B．Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.

C．Because music training might help people with language study.

D．Because people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.

小题3:The underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “____”．

A．created	B．spelled
C．seemed	D．pronounced

小题4:What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Mandarin Speakers Are Smarter than English Speakers

B．Skilled Ear for Music May Help Language Study

C．Pitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese Learning

D．Schools Need to Develop Music Programs

Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools．But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake．Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective．The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively．
The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words．It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading．Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers．
However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”  in beginning reading．In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method．He said – and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed – that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics, is far superior．
Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words．Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned．Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step．
小题1:The author indicts the look-say reading approach because ________．

A．it overlooks decoding

B．Rudolf Flesch agrees with him

C．he says it is boring

D．many schools continue to use this method

小题2:One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _________．

A．look-say is simpler

B．Phonics takes longer to learn

C．look-say is easier to teach

D．phonics gives readers access to far more words

小题3:The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3, Line 1） most probably means _________．

A．talk about shortly	B．start or cause
C．compare with	D．oppose

Most American students go to traditional public schools. There are about 88,000 public schools all over the US. Some students attend about 3000 independent public schools called charter schools.
Charter schools are self-governing. Private companies operate some charter schools. They are similar in some ways to traditional public schools. They receive tax money just as other public schools do. Charter schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning. These governments provide the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate.
Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach. Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them. Class size is usually smaller than in traditional public schools.
The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are failing to educate students. But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools. One teachers’ union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional schools and charter schools.
The American Federation of Teachers criticized the government’s delay in releasing the results of the study, which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Union education experts say the study shows that charter school students performed worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools.
Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more problems than students in traditional schools. Other education experts say the study results should make charter school officials demand improved student progress.
小题1:If a private company wants to operate a charter school, it must                    .

A．try new methods of teaching	B．prove its management ability
C．obey the local and state laws	D．get the government’s permission

小题2:Charter schools are independent because                       .

A．they make greater progress	B．their class size is smaller
C．they enjoy more freedom	D．they oppose traditional ways

小题3:What’s the government’s attitude toward charter schools?

A．Doubtful.

B．Supportive.

C．Subjective.

D．Optimistic.

小题4:What can we learn from the text?

A．More students choose to attend charter schools.

B．Charter schools are better than traditional schools.

C．Students in charter schools are well educated.

D．People have different opinions about charter schools.

小题5:It can be inferred from the text that                       .

A．charter schools are part of the education system

B．one-on-one attention should be paid to students

C．the number of charter schools will be limited

D．charter schools are all privately financed

From a very early age, some children show better self-control than others. Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child’s low self-control can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.
Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. They observed the level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents, teachers, even the kids themselves, scored the youngsters on measures like “acting before thinking” and “Persistence in reaching goals.”
The study led  by Moffitt of Duke University and colleagues followed 1,000 children from birth to age 32 in Dunedin, New Zealand.
“The children who had the lowest self-control when they were age three to ten, later on had the most health problems in their 30s,” Moffitt said，“and they had the worst financial situation. They were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.” Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed, and weren’t just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.
Moffitt said it’s still unclear why some children have better self-control than others, though she said other researchers have found that it’s mostly a learned behavior, with relatively little genetic influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families because children with good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents. But the good news, Moffitt said, is that self-control can be taught by parents, and through school curricula that have been shown to be effective.
小题1:From the first two paragraphs we learn that                      .

A．the research has been carried out for five years

B．self-control in kids tends to determine their future

C．self-control was assessed by children’s intelligence

D．children’s self-control is almost the same at early age

小题2:Children with low self-control are more likely to                        .

A．become wealthy in later life	B．get good school performance
C．have better financial planning	D．adopt negative behaviors

小题3:According to Moffitt，                       .

A．only good genetic factors can shape their lives in the future

B．scientists know well why some children have better self-control

C．self-control in childhood has nothing to do with criminal activity

D．willpower as a child really influences people’s chances of adulthood

小题4:What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Self-control cannot be taught in schools.

B．The study is restricted within few participants.

C．It’s never too late to deal with self-control problems.

D．Good parenting can improve self-control and life success.

小题5:Which of the following might be the best title of the  passage？

A．Child’s self-control predicts future health and success

B．Kids are encouraged to take risks at an early age

C．Children’s development cannot be changed by teachers

D．How to teach the kids a bit of self-control in schools

Ever wondered how one person could save the planet from the effects of climate change?
A British-made computer game on trial release on Monday creates different ways of doing just that．
“Fate of the World”puts the Earth’s future in players’ hands, placing them in charge of an international environmental body which could save the world from the effects of rising greenhouse gas emissions（排放）or let it destroyed by more emissions．
Through different scenes, players can explore options such as geoengineering（地球工程） and alternative energy sources to save the planet from rising temperatures, decreasing natural resources and a growing population over the next 200 years．
An improved version of the game will be followed by a three-month feedback period from players, with final release due in February next year．
Created by Oxford-based games developer Red Redemption, the game is different from other mainstream action games mainly by using data from real climate models and advice from scientists and economists．
“Science data is often inaccessible and we are trying to put players in a position of power and connected with the issues,” Gobion Rowlands, Red Redemption’s founder and chairman said．
This year, a series of apparent errors in climate science and the failure of UN talks to reach an international deal to cut greenhouse gas emissions appeared to weaken the public’s interest in climate change．
However, games centered on sustainability（持续性）and human rights have been growing in popularity and are welcomed by green groups as a way of raising awareness．
Using climate change as inspiration for entertainment shows the issue has affected global culture, which can only be a good thing．Friends of the Earth’s head of climate Mike Childs said.“We need creative industries to work with these big issues as the results can be extremely powerful and can help us to understand what a sustainable future looks and feels like,”he added．
小题1:“Fate of the World” in the passage refers to                      ．

A．a book on computer games	B．a company developing computer games
C．a computer game on climate change	D．a player in charge of computer games

小题2:What makes the climate computer game different from the other games?

A．It uses data from real climate models and advice from experts．

B．It is the only computer game about climate．

C．It can save the planet from the effect of climate change．

D．It aims to affect the global culture．

小题3:It can be concluded from the passage that                        ．

A．games on sustainability and human rights are very popular among young players

B．the game increases players’ awareness of environmental protection

C．only computer experts can play the new climate computer game

D．after a three-month feedback period from players, the new game is on sale now

小题4:Which of the following can NOT the players experience while playing the new game?

A．Challenging the climate change in an unreal world

B．Understanding what a sustainable future looks and feels like

C．Enjoying the power to decide the earth’s fate

D．Predicting what will happen in 200 years

小题5:In which column of a newspaper can you probably read this article?

A．Weather & Climate	B．Science & Technology
C．Life & Entertainment	D．Sports & Culture

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules. Be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest you may lose your friends’ trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money on your clothes of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interest. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later every one needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practise honesty, generosity, and understanding.
小题1:Some friendships don’t last very long because ____.

A．there are too many people who want to make friends.

B．those who never give others friendships receive no friendship from others.

C．those who give others friendship receive friendship from others.

D．they don’t know friendship is something serious.

小题2:According to the passage honesty is _____.

A．something good	B．the base of friendship
C．as important as money	D．more important than anything else

小题3:The underlined word “generosity” means ___.

A．大度

B．节约

C．吝啬

D．和气

小题4:Which of the following isn’t mentioned (提及)in the passage?

A．Always tell your friend the truth.

B．Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.

C．Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.

D．A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.

Although many butterflies remain to be decreasing in the long run, last year three quarters of endangered species saw an increase in number, including some rare species.
Experts said the improvement in the butterflies’ fortunes was likely to be the result of effective action on protection, such as leaving open wetland in woods where flowers can grow, and better weather in 2010 after three damaging wet summers.
Dr Tom Brereton said butterflies are extremely sensitive to changes in the weather. Last year saw a warm summer for successful feeding, which helped a number of butterflies in some way.
He even said climate change could be benefiting some butterfly species but many other butterfly species suffer from it. For example, the mountain ringlet suffers as it needs cold climates. And at the same time, the change is too rapid for most to get used to.
In the long run butterfly numbers have continued to drop, with three quarters of the nearly 60 species found in Britain seeing numbers fall in recent decades and nearly half of them seriously threatened.
The Lulworth skipper, one of the UK’s rarest butterflies, had its worst year since 1976, and there are people worrying that changing the environment to benefit other species may be harming this kind of butterfly. Wild flowers have been grown in some places to help other butterflies but the Lulworth skipper needs long grass and wild areas. Meadow browns, the country’s most common species, also had the worst year on record. Some other kinds of butterflies also had a bad year.
However, in the short term many butterflies saw an increase in number in 2010 compared to 2009 levels.
…
小题1:Which was a reason for the increase in the number of the butterflies last year?

A．The protection of humans.	B．A wet summer.
C．Changes in the butterflies’ habits.	D．The decrease in wetland in woods.

小题2:We can learn from Dr Tom Brereton’s words that       .

A．the mountain ringlet can quickly adapt to climate change

B．butterflies can help slow down climate change

C．climate change can be both beneficial and harmful to butterflies

D．other kinds of animals also suffer from climate change

小题3:What is most likely to be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．Why some butterflies decreased in number in 2010.

B．How to protect butterflies in the coming winter.

C．Effects of climate change on butterflies.

D．Examples of butterflies that have increased in number.

小题4:What is the passage mainly about?

A．Some butterflies in Britain have had a good year.

B．Butterflies in Britain have different habits.

C．Butterflies are well protected in Britain.

D．Butterflies are disappearing from Britain.

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
小题1:Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?

A．To express his doubts.	B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce points for discussion.	D．To describe the conditions on Earth.

小题2:What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?

A．Humans are nature-born to do so.	B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.	D．Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.

小题3:The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______.

A．survival chances	B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits	D．physical possessions

小题4:What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?

A．O ur genetic makeup.	B．Resources on the earth..
C．The adaptive ability of humans.	D．By-products in space exploration.

小题5:Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?

A．Space exploration has created many wonders.

B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.

C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology

D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly  36  to your physical and  37   health.
"People who forgive  38  less depression, anger and stress and more hopefulness," says Frederic Luskin, Ph.D.,  39  of Forgive for Good. "So it can help  40  on the .wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and  41  people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the forgiveness? Try  42  these steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse (缓解) your  43  and try a simple stress-management technique.
"Take a couple of breaths and think of  44  that gives you pleasure: a  45  scene in nature, someone you love," Luskin says.
Don’t  46  an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no  47  of apologizing," Luskin says. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same  48  . So if you wait for people to apologize ,you could be waiting a(n)  49  long time. "Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean  50  to the person who upsets you.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your  51  gives power to the person who caused you pain. " 52  of focusing on your hurt feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness  53  you," Luskin says.
Try to see things from the other person’s perspective (立场；视角). If you empathize (有同感) with that person, you may  54  that he or she was acting out of ignorance, fear even love.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better  55  and better sleep patterns. Don’t forget to forgive yourself. "For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge," Luskin says.
"But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. "

小题1:	A．beneficial B．harmful C．helpless D．suitable

小题2:	A．chemical B．wealthy C．technical D．mental

小题3:	A．own B．show C．direct D．prove

小题4:	A．author B．owner C．professor D．publisher

小题5:	A．insist B．save C．wait D．depend

小题6:	A．require B．wish C．invite D．allow

小题7:	A．forgiving B．turning C．following D．counting

小题8:	A．sadness B．anger C．hunger D．energy

小题9:	A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything

小题10:

A．thoughtful B．dull C．beautiful D．still

小题11:

A．call for B．hunt for C．bid for D．wait for

小题12:

A．invention B．invitation C．intention D．attention

小题13:

A．way B．means C．method D．approach

小题14:

A．helpfully B．carefully C．patiently D．awfully

小题15:

A．giving in B．giving away C．giving up D．giving out

小题16:

A．wound B．hurt C．cut D．damage

小题17:

A．Because B．In honour C．Instead D．In search

小题18:

A．around B．above C．beneath D．below

小题19:

A．forget B．realize C．announce D．doubt

小题20:

A．housing B．salary C．safety D．appetite