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L1PITOR

ABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good'’ cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors， including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.

WHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR： ．People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise ·  Adults and children over l0 Who should NOT take LIPITOR： ．Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby. ．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. ·  People with liver(肝脏)problems

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people： ．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure ．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it． Call your doctor right away if you have： ．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired ．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing ·  Stomach pain Some common side effects of LIPITOR are： ·  Muscle pain ·  Upset stomach ·  Changes in some blood tests

 

HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR DO： ．Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. ．Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. ．Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. ．If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time. Don’t： ．Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. ．Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.

小题1:Taking Lipitor is helpful for _________ .

A．breast-feeding women

B．women who are pregnant

C．adults having heart disease

D．teenagers with liver problems．

小题2:If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should __________,

A．change the amount of your next dose	B．eat more when taking your next dose
C．have a dose as soon as you remember	D．take the next dose at your regular time

小题3:Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?

A．Face swelling.	B．Upset stomach.
C．Kidney failure.	D．Muscle weakness.

小题4:What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To teach patients ways for quick recovery.

B．To present a report on a scientific research.

C．To show the importance of a good lifestyle.

D．To give information about a kind of medicine.

Short people, studies have shown , are more likely to have a stroke , suffer from high blood pressures and heart disease and be bullied in school .
Now, researchers report that short people—at least in the past—were also more likely to die at a younger age than their taller peers.
Their study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology (流行病学) and Community Health , found that short bones have something to do with short life for more than 1,000 years. The conclusion was based on 490 sets of adult skeletal(骨架) remains from an archaeological(考古学的) site in northeastern England , YC dating from the 9th century to about 1850 .
About 55% of men and 73% of women died before the age of 45, and 39% of men and 56% of women died before age 30. The risk of death before age 30 declined as bone length increased.
“This study provides evidence from an archaeological sample that long bone length is connected with age at death—those with smaller bones tend to die younger,” according to Dr. D.J. Gunnell of the university of Bristol  in the UK and colleagues .
While it is not clear why short stature(身材) might be linked to earlier death , the researchers point out that height is an indicator of childhood nutrition, which may have long-lasting effect on health .
“Mechanism (身体结构) for height-mortality(死亡) associations in the past may differ from those today , for example , short stature may have increased the risk of death in childbirth and this may explain the higher risk of premature(未成熟的) mortality in women,” Gunnell and colleagues write .
“However, short bones, it would appear, have always been a marker of a short life,” the authors conclude.
小题1:The title of the passage should be        .

A．Short people and their taller peers

B．Men and women

C．Short stature and short life

D．Long life and short life

小题2:“An indicator” in Paragraph 6 means        .

A．a study

B．a marker

C．a risk

D．an age

小题3:Which of the following statements is Not true according to the passage?

A．People with smaller bones were more likely to die younger.

B．Women were more likely to die at a young age.

C．Short-stature women bear higher risk of death in giving birth to babies.

D．Most people were more likely to die at the age of 30 in the past.

小题4:Short stature may be caused by        .

A．less childhood nutrition	B．heart disease
C．some illnesses	D．high blood pressure

小题5:The topic in this passage is probably connected with

A．space medicine	B．sports medicine
C．social medicine	D．industrial medicine

Salt plays an important role in our daily diet. Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict -how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The result: Thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year．
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams,or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University. Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodiu(钠), which is how foods may list their salt content．
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative.The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves. McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. Parents given the counts chose an average of one hundred two fewer calories when asked what they would order for their children. Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves.
Study leader Pooja Tandon says even small calorie reductions on a regular basis can prevent weight gain over time.The study was published in the journal Pediatrics．
小题1:Which of the following benefits does less salt diet in the passage NOT cover?

A．The decrease of strokes	B．The prevention of weight gain
C．Fewer heart attacks	D．The drop in medical care cost

小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s

B．the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone

C．the less salt one eats, the healthier he will be

D．all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt

小题3:The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to_______.

A．inform people of the harm that salt does to health

B．attract the public attention to the problem

C．require fast food places to list salt information

D．put pressure on food companies and restaurants

小题4:The underlined sentence "Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves." implies that _______.

A．Parents pay less attention to the amount of calories in their diet.

B．Parents set a good example to their children in daily diet.

C．Parents take less salt than before while taking meals.

D．Most parents are on a diet for their health.

小题5:Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

A．Relationship between Salt and Health

B．Less Salt Can Mean Being More Healthy

C．A Survey on People's Regular Diet

D．Mayor Michael Bloomberg and His Health Project

Everyone needs water and a diet ___小题1:___healthy foods. These foods should __小题2:___some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.
People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods___小题3:__change into energy. Our bodies use different __小题4:___of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里).The more __小题5:___we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are _小题6:___you are using energy ---about 65calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is __小题7:__up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On _小题8:___Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as___小题9:__as 650 calories an hour.
The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is __小题10:___in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many___小题11:___countries in the world. That is __小题12:___lots of people in China have white teeth.
People in the western world do no eat ___小题13:__healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and don’t take __小题14:___exercise.Because of this, they _小题15:___weight very easily. In order to __小题16:___with the quick pace(步伐)of their life and work , they eat a lot of fast food . They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisp, chocolates, butter and ice cream and so on, ___小题17:__are called __小题18:__food by some epicureans (美食家).The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid __小题19:___fat and __小题20:___it is advisable (明智的)to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.

小题21:

A．above B．Of C．at D．over

小题22:

A．include B．hold C．contain D．make up

小题23:

A．which B．what C．Where D．it

小题24:

A．numbers B．amounts C．plenty D．deal

小题25:

A．exercise B．lesson C．sport D．games

小题26:

A．waken B．running C．working D．asleep

小题27:

A．running B．adding C．burning D．wasting

小题28:

A．Children B．Work C．Sports D．Teacher

小题29:

A．much B．many C．few D．little

小题30:

A．poor B．low C．rich D．plenty

小题31:

A．more B．other C．rest D．others

小题32:A why         B. because  C. because of  D. since
小题33:A so          B. very     C. much       D. such

小题34:

A．a number of B．too much C．masses of D．enough

小题35:

A．lose weight B．put on C．die D．stay healthy

小题36:

A．keep up B．carry on C．keep on D．go on

小题37:

A．as B．these C．which D．they

小题38:

A．bad B．disease C．healthy D．junk

小题39:

A．to get B．becoming C．to become D．get

小题40:

A．keep thin B．keep fit C．stay calm D．fall ill

As an English saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemical in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?  

A．Laughter can make people breathe deeper

B．Laughter can make you become old quickly.

C．Laughter helps to reduce pain.

D．Laughter, just like physical exercise, is good for our body.

小题2:The underlined word “diminishes” in the third paragraph means “_________”.  

A．delays

B．prevents

C．increases

D．reduces

小题3:Why do doctors hold laughter clinics? 

A．Because they want to earn more money.

B．Because they think they will help the patients recover from illnesses.

C．Because they want to improve their patients’ health.

D．Because they want their patients to laugh more.

小题4:According to the author, we should __________ in our life. 

A．laugh as much as possible	B．watch more funny films
C．smile all the time	D．spend time in the laughter clinics

小题5:What would be the best title for this passage?  

A．Both laughter and physical exercise are good for health.

B．Laughter clinics can help patients improve their condition.

C．Laughter can reduce the effect of pain.

D．Laughter is the best medicine.

By May，after three months，I had lost22pounds and reached my goal of 115 pounds．My friends would say “Alice，you look great！”or“How did you lose so much weight？”Those compliments made me feel good and confident．
Soon I dropped to110 pounds．A few of my friends told me that I needed to stop dieting，because I was starting to look sick. They brought me a present—— a bag of chocolates，which I later gave to my sister．My mother would come to my room，with tears in her eyes，and have long chats about how harmful this diet was and begged me to stop．My dad would leave worried messages on my cell phone at school，telling me that it would do serious harm to my body．
By mid-June，when school was coming to an end，I was down to an only alive state of 95 pounds．All of a sudden，I knew I had to do something．I guessed the number itself scared me．I recalled my doctor．He told me about a girl who was 95 pounds and was at the risk of dying．I knew I was putting my life at risk，but for what？ To make those who love me worried？ Was it worthwhile to be thin？
Now I realize that models in magazines，TV and movies are not realistic．The price to pay for the“perfect body”is living with a dangerous and sometimes deadly eating disorder．And there are more important things to think about than how thin you are．
小题1:The underlined word“compliments”in Paragraph I probably means_____.

A．questions

B．praise

C．understanding

D．experiences

小题2:Why did the author's mother come to her room in tears？

A．Because the mother was worried about her daughter's health．

B．Because the mother thought her daughter was brave enough．

C．Because the mother was sorry to have helped her daughter go on a diet．

D．Because the mother was deeply moved by her daughter's friends．

小题3:The author decided to stop dieting_______．

A．after her parents persuaded her out of it

B．when her weight dropped to 95 pounds

C．after she reached her goal of losing weight

D．after her friends told her to stop dieting

小题4:From the text we learn that _________.

A．there are no models with a perfect body in real life

B．it is too expensive for people to lose weight

C．you will be healthy as long as you stop dieting

D．an unhealthy diet can lead to serious health problems

All over the world people enjoy sports．Sports help to keep people healthy，happy and help them to live longer．
Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer．
Games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities．The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life；they use them in their sports，too．
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them．Football，for example，has spread around the world．Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers．
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years，like running or jumping．Chinese boxing，for example，has a very long history．But basketball and volleyball are rather new．Neither one is a hundred years old yet．People are inventing new sports or games all the time．
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other but after a game they often become good friends．Sports help to train a person's character(性格)．One learns to fight hard but fight fair，to win without pride and to lose with grace(体面)
小题1:The writer didn't tell us in this passage that________．

A．basketball was invented in America

B．sports change with the season

C．games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities

D．football is played all over the world

小题2:People all over the world enjoy sports because_______.

A．sports are interesting

B．sports help to keep people healthy，happy and to live longer

C．sports help to train one’s character

D．all of the above

小题3:From this passage we can see that _____．

A．sports and games are unimportant things that people do

B．sports and games should be treated(对待)only as amusement(娱乐活动)

C．sports and games are only useful to the old

D．none of the above is true

Overweight has been a great concern for some people. In an attempt to keep normal weight, people have    48    tried various methods. Nevertheless, not all the ways are    49  when it comes to health. For weight loss, many people   50    the high-protein, low-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)diets. However, such diets might have   51  harmful long-term effects on the colon (结肠), a small study indicates.
On average, the study found when the men were on the high-protein diets, they had higher levels of substances known as N-nitrous compounds that have been  52    cancer. And when they were on the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, they had lowered amounts of fiber-originated compounds thought to be protective against    53   .
The findings   54  that people should be aware of consuming too much protein and too little fiber over a long period. In general, experts   55  that adults get about 28 grams of fiber per day though—it’s not known whether that’s enough for someone on a high-protein weight-loss diet.

小题1:	A．successfully B．painfully C．occasionally D．immediately

小题2:	A．helpless B．cheap C．useless D．beneficial

小题3:	A．make up B．come across C．turn to D．get on

小题4:	A．potentially B．additionally C．frequently D．definitely

小题5:	A．taken from B．linked to C．held up D．based on

小题6:	A．health B．diet C．cancer D．protein

小题7:	A．hope B．accept C．suggest D．doubt

小题8:	A．recommend B．offer C．demand D．agree

As we get older, most of us worry about grey hair, wrinkles and maintaining a youthful body. But people often don’t realize the voice needs looking after. Here, Mr. Rubin, a voice expert, reveals how to keep your voice youthful.
Drink more fluid and avoid spicy food
You need water for the vocal cords(声带) to vibrate(振动) well. The body must be kept hydrated enough to make the vocal cords operate well. Drinking 1.5 liters of water a day at intervals of 15 minutes is very important. Mr. Rubin advises avoiding foods with an annoying effect on the stomach, such as onions, chili, fizzy drinks and chocolate.
Rest the throat and talk regularly
The vocal cords can be scared if you use your voice during a bad cough. If you have a case of laryngitis(喉炎) with a cold, you should rest your voice for a day or two, and seek medical advice.
Simply staying sociable and using your voice is very important. “As older people get less mobile, they can become socially isolated and speak less.” says Mr. Rubin. “The elderly need to communicate with people more. By using the vocal cords, they enable the ageing process to slow down. ”
Improve your posture
Good posture is essential to keeping the voice young, so we’d better stand properly. Exercise helps you take deeper breaths as it means there is better airflow through the voice box, producing a stronger tone.
Sing in the shower
This is one of the best ways to preserve your voice, as it keeps the larynx muscles strong while the steam lubricates(使润滑) the voice box. “Singing is gymnastics for the voice,” says Mr. Rubin. Joining a choir is one of the best ways to preserve a youthful tone.
小题1:Mr. Rubin gives us advice on ________.

A．ways to keep us from aging

B．ways to talk with other people

C．ways to keep our voice youthful

D．prevention of diseases caused by talking too much

小题2:Which of the following statements is TRUE in the opinion of Mr. Rubin?

A．We should stand properly to keep our voice youthful.

B．Professional singers’ voices tend to age quickly.

C．The steam can do great harm to the voice.

D．Taking more onions can keep us healthy.

小题3:To protect the voice, the old people should       .

A．get less mobile	B．communicate with others more
C．avoid using the voice	D．lie in bed more

小题4:What can we learn from the text?

A．Most people have realized the importance of protecting voice.

B．It’s hard to keep the vocal cords strong through exercise.

C．Singing in the shower is among the best ways to keep our voice youthful.

D．Shouting now and then benefits our vocal cords.

Researchers in the United States have developed the first wirelessly controlled device that can supply a drug directly into the body. A small chip is implanted (植入) under the skin. It contains the medicine, which it releases at preset times. The developers say the device could improve the lives of millions of people who take medicine for long-term illnesses. A company called Microchips began developing the device about fifteen years ago. Last month, the company released the results of its first successful tests in humans. The tests took place in Denmark with seven women with osteoporosis（骨质疏松症）.
Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and break easily. The disorder is common among older people especially women. Many patients have to give themselves daily injection（注射）of medicine. One type of treatment requires injections for two years. The patients stop taking the medicine because of the pain and stress of the injections. As a result, only twenty-five percent of the patients will go through the entire twenty-four months of treatment.
The microchip is a few centimeters long. It has small sections and each section holds a single dose（单次剂量）of medicine. The device has to be programmed with the times to release the drug. Doctors will be able to reprogram the device from a computer or even a cell phone.
For osteoporosis, the physician will program the device, and the device has the ability to release a dose at a given time, every single day. For other diseases, where the physician may want to change the dosing schedule, they will have the ability to wirelessly reprogram that dosing schedule.
The seven women in the study were ages of sixty-five to seventy. The researchers say the implants were just as effective as daily injections. And they say the medicine amounts were more exact than patients often give themselves.
小题1:The best title for the passage should be ______.

A．A New Company Called Microchips

B．A New Way to Take Medicine Every Day

C．Good News for Women with Osteoporosis

D．Taking Medicine, with Microchip under Skin

小题2:What does the underlined word “released” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Announced.

B．Planned.

C．Got rid of.

D．Caught hold of.

小题3:We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ______.

A．older people especially men easily develop steoporosis

B．bones’ becoming weak and breaking easily causes steoporosis

C．a quarter of the patients will go through the entire two years of treatment

D．pain and stress of the injections lead all patients to stop taking medicine

小题4:What advantages does the microchip have?
a. effective implants  
b. less exact medicine amounts
c. purposely—changed dosing schedule
d. only one centimeter long and having small sections
e. improving the lives of millions of people

A．a, b, c

B．c, d, e

C．a, c, e

D．b, c, d

小题5:In which column of a newspaper could we find this passage?

A．Arts.

B．Jobs.

C．Sports.

D．Medicine.