根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项
Weight loss is a hard topic. Lots of people aren’t satisfied with their present weight, but most people aren’t sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic(现实的) for you .  小题1:  
So what should you do about your weight control?
  小题2:   The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a  doctor  or  dietitian （营养学家 ).
  小题3:   If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started.
  小题4:   People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measures usually gain back all of the pounds they lost, because they haven’t permanently(永久地) changed their habits. Therefore, the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain for a lifetime.
Small changes are a lot easier to stick with (坚持做) than large ones. Try reducing the size of what you eat.    小题5:   Once you have that down, start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life.
It’s a good idea to maintain a healthy weight because it’s just that: healthy.

A．Try giving up regular soda for a week.

B．Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you’re full.

C．Weight management is about long-term success.

D．Besides, no magical diet will make you look like someone else.

E．Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you.
F．Changing from whole to nonfat or low-fat milk is also a good idea.
G．They will compare your weight with healthy standards and help you set goals

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. ___小题1:___
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sickness. ___小题2:___ So they are called “disease of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noticed that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. __小题3:___ However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of day.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy product, and they made very little use of grains.
___小题4:___ We eat six times more salt than our ancestors(祖先). We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
___小题5:___ But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way as our ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

A．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.

B．People today probably don’t want to live the way people thousands of years ago did.

C．Ancient people also lived in large groups.

D．But today, we eat a lot of these.

E. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise.
F. In that case, they would live much healthier.
G. People today probably live the same life as people thousands of years ago did.

Nancy Volk operated a sidewalk cafe in Anoka, Minnesota to support her family.
Dan Heins, one of the cafe’s regular customers, had a  36 : kidney dialysis（肾透析） from 6 to 10 a.m on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, after   37  at the cafe. The 56-year-old owner of the small cafe, Nancy   38  that Heins' diabetes(糖尿病)was 39  for his kidney failure and the cut-off of his leg. And Dan knew that Nancy, a single mother with three daughters, worked two other jobs to  40 the cafe open and meet her housing loans.
One morning as he ordered his breakfast, he 41  he would be on kidney dialysis the rest of his life if he didn't receive a(n)  42 . Nancy didn't hesitate, simply saying “I’ll donate”. A normal  43  volunteered to give him an organ? It seemed   44 to Dan, and Nancy had to spend a few weeks   45  him she was serious. The day before Thanksgiving in 2009, the results of the medical tests came in: She was a  46 .
While they were  47  the transplant, Dan’s other leg was cut off and Nancy’s financial 48  grew from bad to worse.
Nancy decided to close the cafe last September much  49  she loved it. At the same time, her home was going into   50 . Dan's insurance would  51  her surgery costs, but she was worried too much that she wouldn't be able to work the part-time jobs for six weeks.
Steve Ohlsen, another customer of the cafe,   52  a donation box near the register. In less than one month, people gave Nancy several thousand dollars—enough to ensure   53  on her home while she recovered.
Nancy and Dan had their 54  in September. Four months later,Dan is  55 dialysis, and Nancy has sent thank-you notes to her supporters.

小题1:	A．way B．service C．route D．routine

小题2:	A．breakfast B．supper C．lunch D．dinner

小题3:	A．guessed B．knew C．imagined D．concluded

小题4:	A．serious B．impossible C．responsible D．important

小题5:	A．keep B．run C．cause D．want

小题6:	A．shouted B．murmured C．smiled D．informed

小题7:	A．operation B．surgery C．transplant D．transfer

小题8:	A．friend B．relation C．shopkeeper D．student

小题9:	A．exciting B．unreal C．unusual D．moving

小题10:

A．cheating B．convincing C．informing D．involving

小题11:

A．match B．partner C．companion D．mate

小题12:

A．searching for B．waiting for C．looking into D．taking in

小题13:

A．position B．profession C．situation D．condition

小题14:

A．although B．while C．though D．when

小题15:

A．trouble B．business C．service D．luck

小题16:

A．offer B．provide C．give D．cover

小题17:

A．made B．laid C．placed D．set

小题18:

A．payments B．expenses C．repairs D．fees

小题19:

A．personalities B．supporters C．surgeries D．lives

小题20:

A．off B．down C．up D．to

All people need to sleep. Sleep is a necessary process that promotes proper body functioning and can improve the quality of your life. Not only is the quantity of sleep important, but also the quality of sleep.
Your bedroom should be shaped to your taste and to allow you to sleep in a peaceful environment. One of the biggest mistakes people make in their sleep is to use their bedroom for activities other than sleep. If your bedroom also functions as a command station for your life and work, the likelihood of your sleeping being poor is rather high. Bedrooms should be designed, decorated and used for mainly sleep. TVs, computers and other things should not be in your bedroom if at all possible.
Establishing regular sleeping and waking times can help improve the quality of your sleep especially for those suffering from sleeplessness. Avoid hot food, caffeine, sugar and alcohol at least 4 to 6 hours before your sleep time. Develop a regular exercise program. Proper exercise and nutrition will help improve sleeping patterns. However, avoid exercising 2 hours before sleeping, since this may stimulate your body and make sleeping more difficult.
Establish a pre-bedtime rule that will help focus you on sleep. You can try meditation（沉思）,reading or deep breathing and relaxation. Your bedtime rule should be yours. Do not worry about it fitting into a specific category. Do what is the best for you.
Things such as room temperature, noise and light levels and even your bed mattress can have a lot of effect on the quality of sleep that you experience. Block out distracting noises and lights. You are in your bedroom to sleep and not be distracted by environmental interferences（干扰）.
小题1: According to the author, ________.

A．the bedroom has many functions than expected

B．the bedroom is better used for sleep

C．computers can make people sleep fast

D．amusements are forbidden in the bedroom by law

小题2:If you have sleep problems, __________.

A．a well- designed bedroom is important to you

B．you’d better have steady sleeping and waking time

C．cold food and sugar are good for you

D．you need proper exercise and nutrition

小题3:The following sentences are true EXCEPT ______.

A．Alcohol can produce troubled sleep.

B．Anytime taking exercises does good to sleep

C．What nourishes the body can improve sleeping patterns

D．taking a deep breath can calm you down

小题4:The main idea of the last paragraph is _______.

A．a good sleep environment contributes to good sleep.

B．blinding lights can make for a good sleep.

C．bed mattress plays a key part in sleep.

D．distracted people are sleepless.

Forgiving someone who has hurt you or let you down is never an easy thing. Several new studies, however, say that it could have a lot of health benefits. When you think of forgiveness, you probably don’t think of it as being a health or medical problem. Studies from Stanford University, on the other hand, show that something like anger can change your well-being.
When cartoon book characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colours and often gain special power. In the real world, anger is less obvious and may be more dangerous. That’s why Professor Fred Luskin, founder of the Stanford Forgiveness Project and author of Forgive for Good, says holding on to anger and hatred can harm your physical and mental health. Two new studies seem to show the same idea.
The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less stress, less back pain, and less depression. They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure, and fewer problems on sleeping.
So it doesn’t matter if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Techniques such as deep breath or thought can help. Or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else.
Forgiveness does not mean that you simply accept what happened and say it’s OK. Instead, it’s a way of making peace with yourself about what happened in the past.
小题1: The author of the passage tries to make his viewpoint clear ______.

A．by raising his own examples	B．based on his own experience
C．by mentioning some studies	D．by mentioning some typical patients

小题2: The example of the cartoon book characters is taken in the passage to______.

A．support the viewpoint that anger and hatred harm physical and mental health

B．introduce a famous expert

C．let the reader know the different colours of cartoon faces

D．show how to control one’s temper

小题3:The underlined phrase“holding on to”in this passage possibly means“______”.

A．removing

B．keeping up

C．getting rid of

D．learning about

小题4: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?

A．People who are able to forgive feel less stress.

B．People who are able to forgive feel less depression.

C．People who are able to forgive have fewer problems on sleeping.

D．People who are able to forgive feel less tired.

小题5:The best title for this passage is probably _______.

A．Forgiveness	B．Forgiveness Is Good for Health
C．A Secret to Keeping Health	D．Anger Is Bad for Health

Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The result: thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings.
Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten, at the University of California, was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium, which is how foods may list their salt content.
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows how that idea can influence what parents order for their children.
Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. The other half got menus without the calorie information.
小题1: How many heart attacks will occur in the US every year？ 

A．nearly 800,000.	B．24,000.
C．100,000.	D．92,000.

小题2:We can learn from the passage that         .  

A．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s

B．the American Heart Association suggest less than 3 grams of salt every day

C．a reduction in salt in the diet helps lower blood pressure

D．all the heart diseases result from eating more salt

小题3:The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to         . 

A．advise Americans to eat less salt

B．put pressure on food companies and restaurants

C．require fast food places to list calorie information

D．attract the public attention to the problem

小题4:All the following are related to the salt in diet except         .  

A．strokes	B．heart attacks
C．blood pressures	D．stomach diseases

小题5:The best title of the passage of the passage is         . 

A．Less salt can mean more life

B．Prevent heart attacks and deaths

C．The National Salt Reduction Initiative

D．Americans should eat less salt

Pregnancy(妊娠) and childbirth kill more than 536,000 women a year. More than half of the cases happened in Africa, according to the World Health Organization. In fact, most of the deaths are preventable with basic medical care.
The five leading causes are bleeding, infection, high blood pressure, long­time labor and bad abortions (流产). Mothers' deaths from such causes were largely reduced nearly a century ago in developed countries.
Experts say that what kill many women are “the three delays”— the woman's delay in deciding to go to the hospital, the time she loses traveling there and the hospital's delay in starting treatment. Only about 15 percent of births have dangerous complications(并发症)．
Women lack education and information about birth control. Husbands and in­laws, may decide where a woman gives birth and insist that she stay at home to save money. However, there is no single solution to a problem with so many factors—shortages of doctors, nurses, drugs, equipment, roads and transportation—though hospital officials are trying many things now.
One stopgap measure to solve the problem for the present has been to train assistant medical officers, to perform certain operations. Some African countries are now struggling to train more assistants and midwives (接生婆) , and provide places for pregnant women to stay near hospitals.
But there is a long way to go. Only 20 percent of women in the continent give birth at the hospital. More than 50 percent stay at home to give birth, and the rest go to local clinics that cannot handle emergencies.
小题1:Which is not included in the five leading causes of women's deaths during pregnancy and childbirth?

A．Infection.	B．High blood pressure.
C．Traveling long distances.	D．Bleeding.

小题2:The underlined word “stopgap” probably means “________ ”in the passage.

A．final

B．temporary

C．effective

D．instant

小题3:What can we learn from this passage?

A．The governments of African countries have to take more effective measures to save pregnant women.

B．Developed countries should help African countries reduce mothers'deaths.

C．The husbands in poor countries should take responsibility for their wives'deaths.

D．Most problems that cause women's deaths during pregnancy and childbirth can be treated or prevented.

小题4:What is the author's attitude towards the future of preventing women's deaths during pregnancy and childbirth?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Objective.

D．Subjective.

Beginning in October, more than 13,000 McDonald’s (麦当劳)restaurants in America will use a new variety of cooking oil. McDonald’ s aims to make its French fries (油炸食品) and other fried foods healthier.
The change will not affect the taste or the number of calories in the food. But by changing the cooking oil, McDonald’s says, it hopes to cut by nearly half the amount of trans fatty acids (转换脂肪酸) in French fries and reduce the amount of saturated fats(饱和脂肪) by 16 percent. Scientists believe that trans fatty acids and saturated fats raise cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and increase the risk of heart disease.
McDonald’s new step is important because McDonald’s is an industry leader and other fast-food chains and food processors may follow the lead.
For McDonald’s ,the action comes at a time when Americans are becoming more and more concerned about; obesity (肥胖) and are increasing pressure on food companies to offer healthy and nutritious (有营养的) food to consumers.
After three years of study, McDonald’s officials say they are switching oil that is lower in saturated fats and trans fatty acids. McDonald’s says the change will not cause higher price for consumers.
Though there is some change, scientists say that the amount of trans fat in foods at McDonald’s and at other fast-food companies is still important.
小题1:More than 13,000 McDonald’s restaurants in America will use a new kind of cooking oil to ______________.

A．lower the costs of the products

B．maker its food taste hatter than ever before

C．cure (治愈) the heart disease

D．do good to the health of consumers

小题2:The underlined ward "switching" here has the same meaning as "   _______ ".

A．turning on

B．turning off

C．changing

D．studying

小题3:The main idea of the passage is    __________ .

A．McDonald’s is a pioneer in food products

B．McDonald’s is enlarging its restaurants in the world

C．fried foods can’t keep up with the development of modem society

D．McDonald’s is to use new cooking oil

小题4:When a new kind of cooking oil is used in McDonald’s,     ________ 

A．the prices of McDonald’s foods will be a tot higher

B．consumers will find the taste of McDonald’s foods different

C．many other food companies will do what McDonald’s does

D．obesity will disappear in American society sooner or later

A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(对…的反应) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd
(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
小题1: A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.

A．people feel happy and energetic in the sun

B．sunshine protects people against heart disease

C．vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy

D．vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process

小题2:From Brent Richards, we know that _____.

A．sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D

B．the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process

C．vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals

D．the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age

小题3:What can we infer from the passage?
A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.
小题4: What is the best title of the passage?

A．Secret of Staying Young

B．Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing

C．Sunlight and Vitamin D

D．Sunlight and Health

You maybe surprised to learn that one of the best steps you can take to protect your health is to step outside and spend some time in the grass, dirt and water．
Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature , and now scientists are starting to catch up．According to research in recent years, just having a view of nature has been shown to improve hospital patients'  recovery and reduce illness rates among office workers．Also, exposure （曝露）to wildlife, horseback riding, hiking, camping and farms can be helpful for a variety of health conditions in adults and children．
Much of this type of research is focusing on children, and in fact an entire movement has quickly developed to connect kids with the healing power of nature．
Obesity （肥胖）．Rates of childhood obesity have grown sharply in recent years, and this is partly because of reduced outdoor activity time．Increasing the time students spend learning about nature, both in and outside the classroom, would help solve this problem．Such lessons are often more attractive for students and often lead them to become more active outside．
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） （注意力缺失症）．Exposure to ordinary natural settings （环境） in the course of common after-school and weekend activities may be effective in reducing attention deficit symptoms in children．Participation in green activities —such as nature walks—helped ADHD patients from a wide range of backgrounds to stay focused and complete tasks．
Stress．Access to nature, even houseplants, can help children cope with stress．
Depression  and  seasonal  emotional  disorder．Major  depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially outdoors, can help ease symptoms．For your average case of winter blues, experts suggest spending time outside every day and, if possible, taking the family to a sunny vacation spot in mid-winter．
Experts emphasize that you needn' t go to wilderness preserves to enjoy nature' s benefits—simply walking in a city park or growing in a rooftop garden can make a difference．
小题1:It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that____．

A．ancient people were not familiar with the healing power of nature．

B．modern people are not familiar with the healing power of nature．

C．the healing power of nature works better on children．

D．the healing power of nature works better on office workers．

小题2:According to Para．4, lessons about nature_____．

A．should engage parents in them

B．should take place outdoors

C．are used widely at schools

D．are liked by students

小题3:Exposure to green areas in neighborhoods can_____．

A．improve children' s skills at learning

B．help reduce ADHD symptoms

C．treat major depression

D．cure winter blues

小题4:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．You can only enjoy nature's benefits in the wilderness．

B．A common natural setting is beneficial to your health．

C．A city park and a rooftop garden have different benefits．

D．Too many people in the wilderness will reduce the benefits of nature．