阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A traveler, after losing his way in the mountain, took refuge for the night in a cave. He saw at once that another had preceded him and was now warming himself before a fire of sticks and leaves. When the traveler entered, the other man said, “I'm an untouchable (member of the lowest caste in India). Be careful not to stumble and fall against me.”

　　The traveler sat on the other side of the fire watching his companion. He wondered what differences made one of them an honorable man and the other a homeless one. Not seeing any great physical difference between them, he thought perhaps the solution lay in another field. He said, “Tell me, do you feel hate and joy and love, as I do? Are you capable of feeling hope and jealousy and regret?”

　　“Yes.” said the untouchable, “I feel all those things. I also feel shame, envy, sorrow and pity.

　　And so the two men talked. They tried to discover some differences between them but did not succeed. Then the traveler said, “As far as I can see, we are very much alike.” and added, “Do you know why you're an. untouchable and I am not?”

　　“No,” said the other, “I only know I was born an untouchable of parents who were like myself.”

　　There was a long silence while the two men examined each other across the fire. Finally the traveler said, “I wonder what would happen if I touched you.”

　　The eyes of the traveler widened at his own audacity, and he said, “You knowI'm going to touch you and find out.” The homeless fellow drew back against the wall and covered his eyes. The traveler stretched out his arms and touched the untouchable. After a time the homeless fellow asked in a frightened voice, “Did the mountain shake? Did the river dry up? Did the moon fall out of the sky?”

　　The traveler said in astonishment, “Nothing at all happened. Everything's exactly as it was before.”

1．The traveler came into the cave ________.

[　　]

A．to find companionship

B．because he needed shelter

C．because it was a familiar place

D．because he was cold and hungry

2．The man in the cave told the traveler, “be careful not to stumble and fall against me” because ________.

[　　]

A．he didn't want the traveler to hurt himself

B．it was very dark in the cave

C．he didn't want the traveler to injure him

D．he was an untouchable

3．The untouchable drew back when the traveler reached out to touch him because ________.

[　　]

A．he was afraid of what would happen when he was touched

B．he thought the traveler would hurt him

C．he was angry at the traveler

D．he was afraid the traveler would become an untouchable himself

4．Which of the things below did happen after the traveler touched the untouchable?

[　　]

A．The river beside the cave dried up

B．The traveler was astonished

C．The moon disappeared from the sky

D．The outcast drew back against the wall and covered his eyes

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Although no one is certain why migration occurs, there are several theories. One theory is based upon the statement that prehistoric birds of the Northern Hemisphere (半球) were forced south during the Ice Age, when ice covered large parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. As the ice of rivers melted, the birds came back to their homelands, spent the summer, and then went south again as the ice advanced in winter. In time, the migration became a habit, and now, although the glaciers have disappeared, the habit continues.

　　Another theory proposes that the ancestral home of all modern birds was the tropics. When the region became overpopulated, many different sorts of birds were crowded north. During the summer, there was plenty of food, but during the winter, short supply forced them to return to the tropics.

　　A more recent theory, known as photoperiodism, suggests a relationship between increasing daylight and the feeling of certain glands (腺) in the birds' bodies that may prepare them for migration. One scientist has been able to cause midwinter migrations by making birds uncovered to unreal periods of daylight. He has concluded that changes occur in the bodies of birds due to seasonal changes in the length of daylight.

1．According to one theory, when the glaciers disappeared, birds ________.

[　　]

A．stopped migrating

B．began migrating again

C．continued migrating

D．migrated south and stayed there

2．The author states that birds left the tropics because ________.

[　　]

A．there was not enough food there in the winter

B．there were too many birds

C．there were too many glaciers

D．there was too much daylight

3．Why did one scientist expose birds to artificial daylight?

[　　]

A．To test the relationship between daylight and migration.

B．To test the relationship between daylight and a disease of the glands common to birds.

C．To test the relationship between migration and temperature.

D．To test the relationship between daylight and changes in the season.

4．According to the theory of photoperiodism, ________.

[　　]

A．birds should migrate in the middle of the winter

B．longer days cause changes in the bodies of birds

C．seasonal changes in the length of days do not affect migration

D．increasing daylight increases the distance of migration

5．This passage supports the belief that ________.

[　　]

A．exact reasons for migration are not known

B．birds migrate because of changes in temperature

C．the ancestral home of all birds was the tropics

D．glaciers caused birds to migrate

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Preliminary (初步的) work on the design of suitable walking and stair - climbing mechanisms (装置结构) has already shown that there are no major problems in this field, and the design of arms with the necessary degrees of freedom and of hands for both picking up objects and for gripping (紧握) and rotating (旋转) object indefinitely in either direction is well advanced. Storage batteries (蓄电池) or directly fueled cells (燃料电池) will certainly be well enough developed to provide 1kw for 1 hour with a weight of 20kg or so.

　　Basically, applied (应用的，实用的) science starts with the clear understanding of a human need and then used all the available (有用的) scientific knowledge to help with the achievement and satisfaction of this need. Helping the housewife by eliminating the routine operation is the outstanding (明显的) human need in the developed countries. The only problem is whether a sufficient (enough) number of applied scientists will have organized and decided to work for the achievement of this and will have the necessary financial backing. We can expect to see that development of a robot will serve a purpose in saving people from burning houses or planes or putting out oilwell fires.

1．The passage talks about ________.

[　　]

A．stairclimbing mechanism

B．robot development

C．computer designing

D．the understanding of human needs

2．The purpose of developing the mechanism as mentioned in the first paragraph is to ________.

[　　]

A．help housewives with their routine operations in the home

B．help with human achievement and satisfaction

C．rotate objects

D．help a sufficient number of scientists to organize and decide to work for human achievements

3．The underlined word “eliminating” in the second paragraph means “________”.

[　　]

A．defeating

B．paying no consideration to

C．getting rid of

D．killing

4．According to the passage, a robot will probable need ________.

[　　]

A．directly fueled cells

B．some achievements

C．some freedom as human beings do

D．scientific knowledge

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

　　Education is much more openended and allinclusive than schooling. Education knows not limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of information learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparent to the people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability (可预料性), education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions (宗教). People receive education from infancy (婴幼儿) on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process (过程), a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one's entire life.

　　Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at about the same time, take the assigned (指定的) seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The pieces of reality that are to learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have been limited by the subjects being taught, For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their sociery or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are clear and undoubtful conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

1．The passage is organized by ________.

[　　]

A．listing and discussing several educational problems

B．telling a story about excellent teachers

C．giving examples of different schools

D．telling the difference between the meanings of two related words

2．The passage supports which of the following statements?

[　　]

A．Going to school is only part of how people become educated.

B．Without formal education, people won't be able to read and write.

C．Education systems need to be changed as soon as possible.

D．Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.

3．The phrase “For example”, in paragraph 3, introduces a sentence ________.

[　　]

A．that shows the unknown workings of government

B．that brings about the bad results of schooling

C．that helps to find out some similar textbooks

D．that gives examples of the limits of classroom subjects

4．What does the writer mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” in paragraph 1?

[　　]

A．Education is totally ruined by schooling.

B．Learning takes place everywhere.

C．All of life is an education.

D．schooling prevents people from discovering new things

5．What is the main idea of this passage?

[　　]

A．The more years students go to school the better their education is.

B．Education and schooling are quite different experiences.

C．The best schools teach a variety of subjects.

D．Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don't stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.

　　We make use of stereotypes (刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate (正确的), and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.

　　The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.

　　In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to selfpresentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can he easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.

　　In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions (区分), clothes, hairstyles, people's pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.

1．People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because ________.

[　　]

A．the environment is already familiar to them

B．everyone else is expressionless

C．they do not wish to talk to other people

D．there is too much information to take in

2．According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they ________.

[　　]

A．can rarely be relied on

B．may make us miss some pleasant experience

C．are likely to lead us into dangerous situations

D．make us mentally lazy

3．From the passage we may conclude that ________.

[　　]

A．dressing can send messages about individuals

B．people are becoming more interested in fashion

C．stereotypes can help to understand people fully

D．stereotypes can do more harm than good to people

4．It would appear that in England, a person's class ________.

[　　]

A．plays less of a role than it did in the past

B．is mainly determined by his pronunciation

C．might be less important in making friends in a city

D．is something that can be changed easily

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Answer the following question by using the information taken from a dictionary page. (You may read the questions first.)

　　jaguar　　n. a type of large, yellow - colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the U. S. and in Central and South America.

　　jargon　　1n. speech that doesn't make sence.　　2n an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand.　　3n. a language made up of two of more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English.　　4n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was filled with jargon.

　　jaunt　　1n. a trip taken for fun.　　2v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday.

　　javelin　　1n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting.　　2n. a lightweight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in trackandfield contests.　　3n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown.　　4v. to strike, as with a javelin.

　　jazz　　1n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats.　　2n. popular dance music influenced by jazz.　　3n. (slang) empty talk.　　4adj. of or like jazz: a jazz band, jazz records.

　　jennet　　n. a small Spanish horse.

1．Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below?

　　At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.

[　　]

2．Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?

　　Doctors often speak in medical jargon.

[　　]

3．What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?

　　Don't give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.

[　　]

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Flight attendants (服务员) are part of those working on airplane passenger flights. They serve as a connection between the airline and its passengers. They satisfy the personal needs and comforts of the passengers while carrying out normal duties. They try to make the passengers' trip so enjoyable that they will want to fly with the airline again. Attendants receive training that helps them work calmly in an emergency and ensure the safety of the passengers.

　　The first flight attendants on US airlines were men. But from the 1930's until the 1970's, the airlines hired only women as attendants. Though men have now returned to the position, the majority of flight attendants are women.

　　Long - distance flights have as many as 14 attendants on the largest jets and 6 on other planes. Most short - run jet flights have at least 3 attendants.

　　Flight attendants check on flight conditions, food, and emergency equipment. They give safety instructions to the passengers, make flight announcements before and after take - off, and try to make the passengers as comfortable as possible.

　　Flight attendants are trained at special schools. The course lasts from three to seven weeks. The training includes wide classroom work and practical in - flight experience in a model cabin (机舱).

　　The airline pays flight attendants' expenses while they are away from their basic station.

1．The underlined word “emergency” in the first paragraph should mean ________.

[　　]

A．any kind of difficulty

B．something that happens suddenly

C．something that happens strangely

D．misunderstanding from passengers

2．Of the following, which are flight attendants' duties while they are on flights?

a. Receiving flight, training.

b. Giving safety instructions.

c. Checking on emergency equipment.

d. Satisfying passengers' personal needs.

e. Receiving expenses from the airline.

f. Preparing food for passengers.

[　　]

3．Who served as flight attendants on US airlines?

[　　]

A．First men, then only women, and now more women than men.

B．First men and women, then men, and now men and women.

C．First men, then women only, and now mainly men.

D．First men, then men and women, and now mainly women.

4．The number of attendants on a flight depends on ________.

[　　]

A．whether attendants want to be on the flight

B．how many attendants have received special training

C．how many passengers are on the flight

D．the length of the trip and the type of the airplane

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

The College of Nature

　　Experience a different kind of classroom: 14,200 acres of forests, lakes and streams. A hotel and a restaurant, 99% placement upon graduation. Two - and - four - year degree programs.

　　PO. Box 265

　　800 - 421- 2605

　　www. paulsmiths. edu

(2)

College of Arts and Sciences and Modern Studies

　　Simmons educates women to achieve their work and life goals. More than 40 majors. Lie in the heart of Boston. U. S. News & World Report ranks Simmons among the top state universities in the North and among the best values.

　　617 - 521- 2051

　　www. simmons. edu

(3)

Personal Attention

　　Powerful Programs

　　Experience the technology of today at our co - educational university.

　　One Camino Santa Maria

　　Utah 78228 - 8503

　　800 - FOR - STMU

　　www. stmarytx. edu

(4)

　　A famous private university, with 3, 200 students in the Colleges of Arts & Sciences, Business and Engineering, Medicine and Law. Among the top ten by U. S. News and World Report.

　　Old Union 232

　　CA 94305 - 3005

　　650 - 723 - 2091

　　www. stanford. edu

1．If a man is tired of working indoors and wouldn't like to be too far away from his girl friend who studies at Simmons, which college will he choose?

[　　]

2．If a girl wants to learn modern science and she prefers to stay neither by the ocean nor in the northeast, which college will she like best?

[　　]

3．If a man wishes to study business and in a non - state - run university, which of the following is his favourite?

[　　]

4．How many colleges allow you to get in touch with them through toll free telephone (免费电话)?

[　　]

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure (结构) of the food, not its chemical composition (成分)a finding that could help break away from some chemicals. Cream and butter contain pretty much the same things, so why cream should go bad much faster has been a problem. Both are small globules (小球) of one liquid spread throughout another. The difference lies in what's in the globules and what's in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the research. In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery road are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria (细菌) which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery areas of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,” he says. When in butter, the bacteria are locked away in locked places buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, those colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you get a self - limiting system which stops the bacteria growing,” says Brocklehurst. The researchers are already working with food companies eager to see if their products can be made to stand bacterial attack through changes of the foods' structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make something used in salad cream for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid state.

1．According to the researchers, cream goes bad faster than butter because bacteria ________.

[　　]

A．are stronger in cream

B．increase their number more easily in cream than in butter

C．live on less fat in cream than in butter

D．produce less waste in cream than in butter

2．According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by ________.

[　　]

3．The underlined word“colonies” refers to ________.

[　　]

4．Commercial use of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made to stand bacterial attack ________.

[　　]

A．by changing its chemical composition

B．by turning it into a solid lump

C．while keeping its structure unchanged

D．while its liquid form remains

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive (高级管理层) circle, beauty can become a liability.

　　While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.

　　Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success.

　　Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.

　　All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successes.

　　Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine (女性化) and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities required.

　　This is true even in polities. “When the only clue (线索) is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates (候选人). She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in the order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political officers. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.

　　The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.

1．The underlined word “liability” most probably means ________.

[　　]

2．In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.

[　　]

A．makes women look more honest and capable

B．strengthens the feminine qualities required

C．is of great importance to women

D．often enables women to succeed quickly

3．Bowman's experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness ________.

[　　]

A．turns out to be a disadvantage to men

B．is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women

C．affects men and women alike

D．has a little effect on men as on women

4．It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beautly are often ________.

[　　]