Beauty has always been thought of as something we value most．Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs．Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs．Even judges are softer on the accused who are attractive．But in the executive （主管的） circle, beauty can become a liability．

Although to be attractive can have positive effect for a man if he wants to be an executive leader, it is harmful to a woman．Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than unattractive men: effort and ability were thought to lead to their success．

Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck．All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives．Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successes．

Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones．Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities required．

This is true even in politics, “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）．She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness．The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices．They were asked to rank then again, in the order they would vote for them．

The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes．

1．The underlined word “liability” （Para, 1） most probably means “_______”．

       A．disadvantage        B．advantage            C．misfortune           D．trouble

2．In traditional female jobs, attractiveness _______．

       A．makes women look more honest and capable

       B．strengthens the feminine qualities required

       C．is connected with inability

       D．helps women in their jobs

3．Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _______．

       A．turns out to be a disadvantage to men

       B．is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women

       C．affects men and women alike

       D．has as little effect on men as on women

4．The author writes this passage to _______．

       A．give advice to job-seekers who are attractive

       B．discuss the disadvantages of being unattractive

       C．say something for attractive female executives

       D．state the importance of appearance

Beauty has always been regarded as something admirable .Almost everyone thinks that attractive people are happier and healthier; they have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal consultants（顾问）give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive persons. But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.

While attractiveness is a positive thing for a man’s rise, it is harmful to a woman’s .Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to be the reasons for their success .Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives.

Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine（女性的）and an attractive man more masculine（男性的）than the less attractive ones. Thus , an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine”qualities required.

This is true even in politics. Anne Bowman recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）.She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women ,in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.

The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men , but the woman who had been ranked most attractive always received the fewest votes.

In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness __________________ .

A. strengthens the feminine qualities required

B. makes women look more honest and capable

C. is of great importance to women

D. often enables women to succeed quickly

Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _____________________.

A. turns out to be an obstacle to men

B. affects men and women alike

C. has as little effect on men as on women

D. is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women

It can be inferred from the passage that people’s views on beauty are often ____________ .

A. practical    B. old-fashioned    C. prejudiced（偏见的）  D. serious

The author writes this passage to_______________________ .

A. discuss the negative aspects of being attractive

B. give advice to job-seekers who are attractive

C. demand equal rights for women

D. emphasize the importance of appearance

Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告).But in the executive circle，beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able？An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine(有男子气概的)than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.
This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently，”says Anne Bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men，but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.

1. 1.

   The underlined word “liability”(in Para.1)most probably means “________”.

   1. A.
      misfortune
   2. B.
      instability
   3. C.
      disadvantage
   4. D.
      burden
2. 2.

   In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness________.

   1. A.
      reinforces(加强)the feminine qualities required
   2. B.
      makes women look more honest and capable
   3. C.
      is of primary importance to women
   4. D.
      often enables women to succeed quickly
3. 3.

   Bowman's experiment reveals that when it comes to politics，attractiveness________.

   1. A.
      turns out to be an obstacle to men
   2. B.
      affects men and women alike
   3. C.
      has as little effect on men as on women
   4. D.
      is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women
4. 4.

   It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often________.

   1. A.
      practical
   2. B.
      prejudiced
   3. C.
      old­fashioned
   4. D.
      pessimistic
5. 5.

   The author writes this passage to________.

   1. A.
      demand equal rights for women
   2. B.
      emphasize the importance of appearance
   3. C.
      discuss the negative aspects of being attractive
   4. D.
      give advice to job­seekers who are attractive

Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告)．But in the executive circle，beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able？An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine(有男子气概的)than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.
This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently，”says Anne Bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men，but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.
【小题1】The underlined word “liability”(in Para.1)most probably means “________”．