The H1NI flu outbreak has resulted in the first death outside Mexico today -- a 23-month-old child in Texas.

Three more cases were confirmed in the UK, adding to the two previously disclosed in Scotland.

A 12-year-old girl is among five people in the UK to have contracted HIN1 flu after visiting Mexico, Gordon Brown told the Commons during prime minister's questions.

Two adults -- one from Birmingham and one from London -- are undergoing treatment.

More than 150 people are suspected to have died of the virus in Mexico and the illness has spread around the globe, but news of the first death outside the country where it originated will increase fears that a pandemic (流行病) could develop.

The infant's death from H1NI flu in the US was confirmed by Dr Richard Besser, the acting director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He gave no other details about the child.

America has confirmed 65 cases of HIN1 flu, most of them mild, but Besser said more deaths were likely.

"HIN1 Flu is a very serious infection and each virus is unique so it' s hard to know what we' re going to be seeing, but given what we've seen in Mexico we have expected that we would see more severe infections and we would see deaths," he said.

It was unclear if the girl had contracted the illness in Mexico, or been infected in the US.

Confirmation that infected people in two countries are spreading the new disease to their families or contacts n a sustained way would meet the World Health Organization's (WHO) criteria (标准) for declaring a phase five alert on its scale of one to six. It raised the level from three to four on Monday as the virus moved to Europe.

The WHO spokesman Gregory Hard told reporters yesterday, "If we have a confirmation from the United States or Canada, we could move to phase five."

64. How many cases of HINI flu are there in the UK?

A. One.              B. Two.                   C Three              D. Five.

65. According to Dr Richard Besser, why is it hard to predict what things will be like?

A. Because more than 150 people have died of the virus in Mexico.

B. Because H1 N1 flu is a very serious infection and each virus is unique.

C. Because the infections are severe and there will be more deaths.

D. Because the WHO has raised the alert level from three to four.

66. What's the main idea of the news?

A. More cases of H1NI flu were confirmed in the UK.

B. It's hard to deal with the HINI flu.

C. H1NI flu caused death outside Mexico.

D. "The WHO will raise the alert level.

B
Economists usually study markets．Now，two Americans have won the Nobel Prize in economics for not studying markets．They will share almost one and a half million dollars for their analysis of economic governance(治理)．The winners are Elinor Ostrom of Indiana University in Bloomington and Oliver Williamson of the University of California，Berkeley．The prize in economic sciences has gone to 63 men since it was first awarded 40 years ago．Elinor Ostrom is the first woman．And，like other winners over the years，her training is not limited to economics．She is a professor of political science and of public and environmental affairs．
Today，economic theory suggests that good resource management requires ownership，either private or public．If not，the thinking goes，then self-interest will lead to overuse and destruction of shared resources．Ecologist Garrett Hardin described this idea in 1968 as“the tragedy of the commons．”
Elinor Ostrom showed how local decision making can lessen the tragedy．Her research has deepened understanding of how people balance their needs with those of others who depend on the same resources．    
She studied communities like farmers in Southern  California who depended on a common water supply． She documented how people who use resources often develop ways to share them．One example is forest management．She says，“One of the absolutely key，most important variables(变量)as to
whether or not a forest survives and continues is whether local people monitor each other and its use．Not officials，locals．”
Oliver Williamson has studied big companies and found that they often are better than markets at doing complex jobs．Under his theory，businesses act as structures for conflict resolution．
For example，companies that own their suppliers can avoid long-term contracts and disputes over prices．This can make production more efficient and make better use of limited resources．But businesses can also abuse their power．Professor Williamson says the best way to deal with this is not by limiting the size of companies，but through industry regulation．
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said economists need to do more than study markets and prices．The Nobel judges urged more research like the kind they recognized with this year’s award．
60．According to Elinor Ostrom，                ．
A．the tragedy of the commons is caused by local decision
B．private ownership can cause the tragedy of the commons
C．overuse of shared resources can cause the tragedy of the commons
D．it is not the officials but the local people who can do something to avoid the tragedy
61．This year’s Nobel Prize for economics is shared by        ．
A．Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson   B．Elinor Ostrom and Garrett Hardin
C．Oliver Williamson and Garrett Hardin   D．63 economic scientists
62．Professor Williamson proved that long-term contracts and disputes over prices can be
avoided by big companies by                  ．
A．1imiting the size of other companies
B．providing sufficient production
C．sharing resources with their own suppliers
D．setting up their own industry regulation
63．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?
A．Two American Economists Won the Nobel Prize for Studying Markets．
B．Researchers of Economic Governance Won the Nobel Prize for Economics．
C．First Woman to Win the Nobel Prize for Economic Strategies．
D．The Tragedy of the Commons and the Big Businesses．

    Economists usually study markets．Now，two Americans have won the Nobel Prize in economics for not studying markets．They will share almost one and a half million dollars for their analysis of economic governance(治理)．The winners are Elinor Ostrom of Indiana University in Bloomington and Oliver Williamson of the University of California，Berkeley．The prize in economic sciences has gone to 63 men since it was first awarded 40 years ago．Elinor Ostrom is the first woman．And，like other winners over the years，her training is not limited to economics．She is a professor of political science and of public and environmental affairs．

    Today，economic theory suggests that good resource management requires ownership，either private or public．If not，the thinking goes，then self-interest will lead to overuse and destruction of shared resources．Ecologist Garrett Hardin described this idea in 1968 as“the tragedy of the commons．”

    Elinor Ostrom showed how local decision making can lessen the tragedy．Her research has deepened understanding of how people balance their needs with those of others who depend on the same resources．    

    She studied communities like farmers in Southern  California who depended on a common water supply． She documented how people who use resources often develop ways to share them．One example is forest management．She says，“One of the absolutely key，most important variables(变量)as to

whether or not a forest survives and continues is whether local people monitor each other and its use．Not officials，locals．”

    Oliver Williamson has studied big companies and found that they often are better than markets at doing complex jobs．Under his theory，businesses act as structures for conflict resolution．

    For example，companies that own their suppliers can avoid long-term contracts and disputes over prices．This can make production more efficient and make better use of limited resources．But businesses can also abuse their power．Professor Williamson says the best way to deal with this is not by limiting the size of companies，but through industry regulation．

  The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said economists need to do more than study markets and prices．The Nobel judges urged more research like the kind they recognized with this year’s award．

60．According to Elinor Ostrom，                 ．

      A．the tragedy of the commons is caused by local decision

      B．private ownership can cause the tragedy of the commons

      C．overuse of shared resources can cause the tragedy of the commons

      D．it is not the officials but the local people who can do something to avoid the tragedy

61．This year’s Nobel Prize for economics is shared by         ．

    A．Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson   B．Elinor Ostrom and Garrett Hardin

    C．Oliver Williamson and Garrett Hardin   D．63 economic scientists

62．Professor Williamson proved that long-term contracts and disputes over prices can be

      avoided by big companies by                   ．

      A．1imiting the size of other companies

      B．providing sufficient production

      C．sharing resources with their own suppliers

      D．setting up their own industry regulation

63．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?

      A．Two American Economists Won the Nobel Prize for Studying Markets．

      B．Researchers of Economic Governance Won the Nobel Prize for Economics．

      C．First Woman to Win the Nobel Prize for Economic Strategies．

      D．The Tragedy of the Commons and the Big Businesses．

Economists usually study markets．Now，two Americans have won the Nobel Prize in economics for not studying markets．They will share almost one and a half million dollars for their analysis of economic governance(治理)．The winners are Elinor Ostrom of Indiana University in Bloomington and Oliver Williamson of the University of California，Berkeley．The prize in economic sciences has gone to 63 men since it was first awarded 40 years ago．Elinor Ostrom is the first woman．And，like other winners over the years，her training is not limited to economics．She is a professor of political science and of public and environmental affairs．

    Today，economic theory suggests that good resource management requires ownership，either private or public．If not，the thinking goes，then self-interest will lead to overuse and destruction of shared resources．Ecologist Garrett Hardin described this idea in 1968 as“the tragedy of the commons．”

    Elinor Ostrom showed how local decision making can lessen the tragedy．Her research has deepened understanding of how people balance their needs with those of others who depend on the same resources．    

    She studied communities like farmers in Southern  California who depended on a common water supply． She documented how people who use resources often develop ways to share them．One example is forest management．She says，“One of the absolutely key，most important variables(变量)as to

whether or not a forest survives and continues is whether local people monitor each other and its use．Not officials，locals．”

    Oliver Williamson has studied big companies and found that they often are better than markets at doing complex jobs．Under his theory，businesses act as structures for conflict resolution．

    For example，companies that own their suppliers can avoid long-term contracts and disputes over prices．This can make production more efficient and make better use of limited resources．But businesses can also abuse their power．Professor Williamson says the best way to deal with this is not by limiting the size of companies，but through industry regulation．

  The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said economists need to do more than study markets and prices．The Nobel judges urged more research like the kind they recognized with this year’s award．

60．According to Elinor Ostrom，                 ．

      A．the tragedy of the commons is caused by local decision

      B．private ownership can cause the tragedy of the commons

      C．overuse of shared resources can cause the tragedy of the commons

      D．it is not the officials but the local people who can do something to avoid the tragedy

61．This year’s Nobel Prize for economics is shared by         ．

    A．Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson   B．Elinor Ostrom and Garrett Hardin

    C．Oliver Williamson and Garrett Hardin   D．63 economic scientists

62．Professor Williamson proved that long-term contracts and disputes over prices can be

      avoided by big companies by                   ．

      A．1imiting the size of other companies

      B．providing sufficient production

      C．sharing resources with their own suppliers

      D．setting up their own industry regulation

63．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?

      A．Two American Economists Won the Nobel Prize for Studying Markets．

      B．Researchers of Economic Governance Won the Nobel Prize for Economics．

      C．First Woman to Win the Nobel Prize for Economic Strategies．

      D．The Tragedy of the Commons and the Big Businesses．

The H1NI flu outbreak has resulted in the first death outside Mexico today -- a 23-month-old child in Texas.

Three more cases were confirmed in the UK, adding to the two previously disclosed in Scotland.

A 12-year-old girl is among five people in the UK to have contracted HIN1 flu after visiting Mexico, Gordon Brown told the Commons during prime minister's questions.

Two adults -- one from Birmingham and one from London -- are undergoing treatment.

More than 150 people are suspected to have died of the virus in Mexico and the illness has spread around the globe, but news of the first death outside the country where it originated will increase fears that a pandemic (流行病) could develop.

The infant's death from H1NI flu in the US was confirmed by Dr Richard Besser, the acting director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He gave no other details about the child.

America has confirmed 65 cases of HIN1 flu, most of them mild, but Besser said more deaths were likely.

"HIN1 Flu is a very serious infection and each virus is unique so it' s hard to know what we' re going to be seeing, but given what we've seen in Mexico we have expected that we would see more severe infections and we would see deaths," he said.

It was unclear if the girl had contracted the illness in Mexico, or been infected in the US.

Confirmation that infected people in two countries are spreading the new disease to their families or contacts n a sustained way would meet the World Health Organization's (WHO) criteria (标准) for declaring a phase five alert on its scale of one to six. It raised the level from three to four on Monday as the virus moved to Europe.

The WHO spokesman Gregory Hard told reporters yesterday, "If we have a confirmation from the United States or Canada, we could move to phase five."

64. How many cases of HINI flu are there in the UK?

A. One.               B. Two.                    C Three               D. Five.

65. According to Dr Richard Besser, why is it hard to predict what things will be like?

A. Because more than 150 people have died of the virus in Mexico.

B. Because H1 N1 flu is a very serious infection and each virus is unique.

C. Because the infections are severe and there will be more deaths.

D. Because the WHO has raised the alert level from three to four.

66. What's the main idea of the news?

A. More cases of H1NI flu were confirmed in the UK.

B. It's hard to deal with the HINI flu.

C. H1NI flu caused death outside Mexico.

D. "The WHO will raise the alert level.