题目列表(包括答案和解析)
2. 副词的用法
(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。
He studies very hard. 他学习很努力。(作状语)
Life here is full of joy.这儿的生活充满着愉快。 (作定语)
When will you be back? 你什么时候回来? (作表语)
副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类:
1)时间副词
时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如:
He often comes to school late.他经常上学迟到。
What are we going to do tomorrow? 我们明天干什么?
He ‘s never been to Beijing.他从来没有到过北京。
2)地点副词
地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如:
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.在回家的路上,我遇见了一位老朋友。
He went upstairs.他上楼了。
Put down your name here.写下你的名字。
3)方式副词
方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的,其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如:
The old man walked home slowly.这位老人慢慢地走回家。
Please listen to the teacher carefully.请仔细听老师讲的。
He runs very fast.他跑得很快。
4)程度副词
程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词,有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如:
Her pronunciation is very good.他的发音很好。
She sings quite well.他唱得相当好。
I can hardly agree with you.我不能同意你的意见。
5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有:how, when, where, why等。例如:
How are you getting along with your studies? 你的学习进展得怎么样?
Where were you yesterday? 昨天你在哪里?
Why did you do that? 你为什么做那件事?
(2)副词在句中的位置
1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语,则放在宾语之后。例如:
Mr Smith works very hard.史密斯先生工作和努力。
She speaks English well.他的英语讲得很好。
2)频度副词作状语时,通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词,助动词和be动词之后。例如:
He usually gets up early.他通常起得早。
I’ve never heard him singing.我从未听过他唱歌。
She is seldom ill.她很少生病。
3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时,通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如:
It is a rather difficult job.这是一份相当难的工作。
He runs very fast.他跑得很快。
He didn’t work hard enough.他工作不够努力。
4)副词作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如:
On my way home, I met my uncle.在回家的路上,我遇见了我的叔叔。
The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.这里的学生有许多时间做研究工作。
(3)部分常用副词的用法
1) very, much
这两个副词都可表示“很”,但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级,而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如:
She is a very nice girl她是一个很漂亮的姑娘。
I’m feeling much better now.现在我感觉很好。
Much可以修饰动词,而very则不能。例如:
I don’t like the idea much.我不太喜欢这个主意。
They did not talk much.他们很少交谈。
2) too, either
这两个副词都表示“也”,但too用于肯定句,either用于否定句。例如:
She can dance, and I can dance, too.她会跳舞,我也会。
I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either.我没有读这本书,我的弟弟也没有。
3) already, yet
already一般用于语肯定句,yet一般用于否定句。例如:
He has already left.他已经离开。
Have you heard from him yet?你还没有收到他的信吗?
He hasn’t answered yet.他仍然没有回答。
4) so, neither
so和neither都可用于倒装句, 但so表示肯定,neither表示否定。
例如:
My brother likes football and so do I.我哥哥喜欢足球,我也喜欢。
My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I.我哥哥不喜欢跳舞,我也不喜欢。
[考例]Susan enjoys a cup of tea at times,but ____she drinks coffee.[扬州市]
A. mostly B almost C.nearly D.most
[答案]A。[解析]本题应从句意上破解,“大多数时候”她喜欢喝咖啡,四个选项中, mostly可用作副词修饰谓语动词,符合句意。
Zhou Feng has 1earned English for many years,but he can _____understand the English speakers.[07江西省]
A. hardly B certainly C.always D.almost
[答案]A。[解析]考查副词词义的区别。 抓住连词but是破解题目的关键所在,它在句中表转折,意为“但是”。 学了多年英语,理应能听懂英语,但他却“不能”,所以应选表示否定含义的副词hard1y。
Remember to e-mail me.All of us hope to hear from you________.[天津市]
A quickly B soon C.fast D.quick
[答案]B。[解析] 此处应是副词作状语,所以D项排除。quickly常指动作敏捷,soon意为“很快;不久";fast常指速度快。由句意可知B项正确。
Unluckily,Mr. Brown drove so ____that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening.[ 连云港]
A.careless B.careful C.carefully D.carelessly
答案:D解析:本题考查形容词与副词的用法,副词修饰动词。由题意“太粗心撞到了树上”,故选carelessly。
[沈阳]
Alice ____eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fat.
A.rarely B.always C.nearly D.carefully
答案:A解析:rarely意为“很少”;always意为“总是”;near1y意为“几乎”;carefully意为“细心地”。
[语法回顾]
形容词和副词
形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性,副词和形容词一样,在句中起修饰作用,所不同的是:形容词主要修饰名词;而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。
1. 形容词的用法
(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如:
Our country is a beautiful country. 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家。(作定语)
The fish went bad. 鱼变坏了。(作表语)
We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们保持我们的教室干净、整洁。(作宾语补足语)
(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。
Is there anything interesting in the film. 在这部电影里有一些有趣的事情吗?
(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。
Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每个人,无论男人、妇女,老人和年轻人应该参加会议。
You can take any box away, big or small. 你可以拿走箱子,大的或小的。
(4) 用形容词表示类别和整体。某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接,如the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。例如:
The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。
(5)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用,如the British,the English,the French,the Chinese等。例如:
The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。
5.形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。
Welcome to our hotel.It's ____in the city.[北京]
A.good B.better C.best D.the best
答案:D解析:由in the city这一范围确定要用最高级,且最高级前要使用冠词the,故选D。
English is one of ____important subjects in our school.[ 济南]
A.most B.the most C.more D.much more
答案:B解析:本题考查形容词最高级的用法,根据范围in our school可判断用最高级,故选B。
--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans.
--I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省]
A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest
Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework_________.[南京市]
A. more carefully B. more carelessly C. more careful D. more careless
[答案]A。 [解析]考查副词的比较级。修饰动词应用副词,且此题为比较级,故选A。
4.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。
[考例] -Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
一Yes.I've never been to ____one before.[苏州]
A.a more exciting B.the most excited C.a more excited D.the most exciting
答案:A解析:由句意“我以前从未参加过比这个更令人兴奋的晚会”可知,此处要用比较级,故排除B、D两项。修饰物时要用一ing形式的形容词,故选A。
2.形容词最高级可被序数词以及much.By far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really。nothing like等词语所修饰。
[考例]
1.三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,形容词最高级用"the+最高级”结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。
--Who is ____running star in your college?
--I think Philip is.[长春]
A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.1ess famous
答案:C解析:由in your college"在你们大学里”限定范围,使用最高级,故选C。
Of all the sports shoes , John bought _________ pair. Then he had some money for socks. [成都市]
A. a cheaper B. the most wonderful C. the least expensive
[答案]C。[解析] 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知,one of+(最高级)+名词复数,故排除A,再看句意,“因此他留下一些钱买袜子”故选C。
--What do you like____,tea,coffee or milk? ww.zk53u.ecom
--Tea, of course. [浙江]
A.better B.good C.well D.best
答案:D解析:本题考查副词最高级的用法。从三者中选择一者,构成了最高级的用法,故选D。
5. 用"the+比较级+句子其它成分,the+比较级+句子其它成分”表示“越……越
[考例]一Hi, Andrew.How can you improve your English so much?
--Oh,nothing difficult.The __you work at it,the __progress you will make.[黄冈市]
A. harder;more B more hardly;more C.hardier;greater D.harder;great
[答案]A。[解析] 考查比较级的用法。the+比较级……,the+比较级……表示“越……越……”,如:the more,the better越多越好。
--As middle school students, we should study hard for the future.- ww.zk53u.ecom
--I think so. _________we study now, _________future we'll have. [哈尔滨市]
A. The hard; the good B. The harder; the better C. The hardest; the best
[答案]B。[解析] 根据题意可知要选比较级,“the+比较级,the+比较级”;表示“越……,越……”。依据句意:“现在学习越努力,将来会越好。”
4.用more and more 的结构,表示“越……越
[考例]The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. (年江苏盐城)
A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer
[解析] 答案为C。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构,表示“越来越……”。主语为number,只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。
3.一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时,可在比较级前加程度副词even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等来修饰。
[考例]--You speak English much ________than before. ww.zk53u.ecom
--Thank you. [陕西省]
A. well B. better C. best D. good
[答案]B。[解析] 句中有表示比较的连词than,所以所填部分必定是比较级,而选项中只有better是比较级。
--Mr Smith, would you please speak a little more _________?
--Sorry! I thought you could follow me. [安徽省]
A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. politely
[答案]C。[解析]此题考查比较级。由答语可知对方要求说得稍慢一些,而slowly的比较级是more slowly,其他几项不符合要求。
31.答案:A解析:根据前句“他是一个安静的男孩”,也就是“不如我活泼”,故只有A符合句意。
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