题目列表(包括答案和解析)

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3. 邻近一致的原则

谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

在英语中,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致,叫做主谓一致。通常采用下列三个原则来处理,即:语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近(或毗邻)一致的原则。

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2. 意义一致的原则

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--There__________ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?

   --All right, Mum. [福州市]

A. is              B. are              C. was             D. were

[答案]A.[解析]本题考查"there be”句型中be的数及时态,be在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词,所以be应使用单数形式,B、D两项可以排除。

Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[07临沂市]

A.will visit         B. has visited             C.have visited           D .visited

[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。

Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市]

A.have been;a11       B. have been; both         C has been; all       D.has been; both

[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。

[语法回顾]

主谓一致

1. 语法一致的原则

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[考例]

---How much ________the shoes?

---Five dollars_________ enough.  [年青岛市]

A.is;is              B are;is           C.are;are         D.is;are

[答案]B .[解析] 答案为B。shoes作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体,应按单数对待。

How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. (2004天津)

  A. have  B. has  C. is  D. are

  答案:B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

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[考例]  Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省]

A. is planted            B. was planted           C. are planted           D. were planted

[答案]C.[解析] every year说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念,去掉B、D项;trees and flowers表达复数意义,所以选C项。

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[考例]As the saying ________,"Where there is a will; there is a way. "[昆明市]

A. go           B. goes              C. going             D. went

[答案]B.[解析] the saying为第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词用goes。

但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。

What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。

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[考例]Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (2004包头)

 A. are a number of deer      B. are a number of deers

 C. is a number of deer      D. is a number of deers

  答案:A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)

The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (2004山东烟台)

A. student, is  B. the students, are  C. the students, is  D. students, are

[答案]: C

[命题立意]:本题考查主谓一致的用法。

[试题解析]:the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。

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[考例]Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[临沂市]

A.will visit         B. has visited             C.have visited           D .visited

[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。

Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市]

A.have been;a11       B. have been; both         C has been; all       D.has been; both

[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。

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20. The population of Shanghai is ________ than of Shijiazhuang.  

A. smaller           B. larger                C. less              D. large

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19. This second-hand camera is much ________ than that new one.

cheap           B. cheaper           C. dear          D. dearest

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