题目列表(包括答案和解析)
3. 邻近一致的原则
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
在英语中,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致,叫做主谓一致。通常采用下列三个原则来处理,即:语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近(或毗邻)一致的原则。
2. 意义一致的原则
--There__________ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?
--All right, Mum. [福州市]
A. is B. are C. was D. were
[答案]A.[解析]本题考查"there be”句型中be的数及时态,be在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词,所以be应使用单数形式,B、D两项可以排除。
Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[07临沂市]
A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited
[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。
Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市]
A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both
[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。
[语法回顾]
主谓一致
1. 语法一致的原则
[考例]
---How much ________the shoes?
---Five dollars_________ enough. [年青岛市]
A.is;is B are;is C.are;are D.is;are
[答案]B .[解析] 答案为B。shoes作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体,应按单数对待。
How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. (2004天津)
A. have B. has C. is D. are
答案:B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
[考例] Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省]
A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted
[答案]C.[解析] every year说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念,去掉B、D项;trees and flowers表达复数意义,所以选C项。
[考例]As the saying ________,"Where there is a will; there is a way. "[昆明市]
A. go B. goes C. going D. went
[答案]B.[解析] the saying为第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词用goes。
但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。
What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。
[考例]Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (2004包头)
A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers
C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers
答案:A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)
The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (2004山东烟台)
A. student, is B. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are
[答案]: C
[命题立意]:本题考查主谓一致的用法。
[试题解析]:the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。
[考例]Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[临沂市]
A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited
[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。
Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市]
A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both
[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。
20. The population of Shanghai is ________ than of Shijiazhuang.
A. smaller B. larger C. less D. large
19. This second-hand camera is much ________ than that new one.
cheap B. cheaper C. dear D. dearest
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