题目列表(包括答案和解析)
1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心。
when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词。例如:
He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作。
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门。
I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友。
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作。
注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事。
I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help. 我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救。We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了。
[考例]The camera is expensive I can’t afford it. (2004辽宁本溪)
A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that
[答案]: A
[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导结果状语从句的用法。
[试题解析]:依据题意:这照相机太贵以致我买不起。expensive为形容词,so…that…句中要用形容词或副词;such…that…要用形容词修饰名词。其他两项不能引起从句。故选A。
[语法回顾]
状语从句的分类。
1. 时间状语从句用法要点。
(1)as、when、while用法一览表。
|
类别 |
作 用 |
例 句 |
|
as |
as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/ while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 |
She
came up as I was cooking.(同时) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时) |
|
when |
(at or
during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 |
It was
raining when we arrived.(指时间点) When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) |
|
while |
while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换。 |
Please
don’t talk so loud while others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”) |
凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等,具体用法如下:
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有 so that , in order that (为了,以便);in case(以防,以免),lest(免得,以防),for fear that(以免,惟恐)等。从句中一般含有can , could, may,
might ,will, would等情态动词。如:
[考例]一More and more people in Beijing are learning English _______they can better serve the 2008 0lympic Games.
一I'm sure they will.[宜昌市]
A.because of B so that C.even though D.as if
[答案]B.[解析] 本题也应从句意人手。越来越多的人学习英语,“为的是”能更多更好地为奥运服务。so that引导一个目的状语从句。
用来引导让步地点状语从句的从属连词有:though,although,even if/though, while(虽然、尽管),for a11(that)(尽管)whether...or(不论/不管……还是……))以及“疑问词+ever(whatever,wherever,whoever,however,)”和 “no matter +疑问词”等。
[考例]-Shall we go on working?
-Yes , I prefer to have a rest . (2004江西省南昌)
A.when B.if C.because D.though
[答案]: D
[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导让步状语从句的用法。
[试题解析]:依据上句:我们继续工作吗?是的,尽管我想休息会。
Edison never gave up, he failed many times. (2004四川)
A.and B.though C.or
[答案]: B
[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导让步状语从句的用法。
[试题解析]:依据题意:即使爱迪生失败多次,他也决不放弃。though用来引导让步状语从句。故选B。
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if ,unless(=if …not如果不……,除非),as/so long as ,while(=as long as 只要),supposing(that),provided/providing(that),in case(假使),on condition that(在……的条件下)等。如:
[考例]__you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the mornings.[沈阳市]
A. Unless B Because C.If D.When
[答案]C .[解析]考查if引导的条件状语从句。“假如你早一点上床睡觉,那么你在上午就不会感到累。”
You won't pass your exams ___________ you work harder. [广东省]
A. when B. if C. unless D. after
[答案]C .[解析]when,after一引导的是时间状语从句,不合题意;if,unless引导的是条件状语从句,If不合句意,“除非你更加努力地学习,否则,你不会通过考试”。故用unless。
2.until 和till 的用法:与肯定式的主句连用,主句谓语必须是延续性动词,till/ until表示“……直到……”;与否定式的主句连用,且主句谓语是非延缓性动词时,till/ until表示“直到……才……”。其强调句型为“not…until” ,位于句首时要采用倒装形式。如:
[考例]一Hurry up.The bus is coming.
--Oh。no.We mustn't cross the street ____the traffic lights are green.[福州市]
A. after B since C while D.until
[答案]D .[解析]本题应从句意人手。until常用于否定句中,构成"not…until"结构,意为“直到……才……”,该句意为“直到交通灯变绿,我们才能穿过马路”。
The kids didn't start to fly kites in the playground _________the rain stopped. [成都市]
A. if B. until C. whenever
[答案]B.[解析] not…until…直到……才。“直到雨停孩子们才可以去操场放风筝”,
--Look! Here comes our school bus.
--No hurry. Don't get on it _________it has stopped. [安徽省]
A. until B. after C. since D. when
A.[解析]句中有don't,可想not...until为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”。
2. before 的用法:before的本意为“在……之前”,根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……,趁着还没……就……,不知不觉就……,……才……”等。如:
[考例]Could you please give me your e-mail address _________you go? [昆明市]
A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until
[答案]B.[解析]这四个词(组)都可以引导时间状语从句,as soon as一……就.before在……之前;after在……之后;until直到……才。分析句子可以看出句意为“在你走之前把你的电子邮件地址给我好吗?”
在时间状语从句中,通常要用动词的一般现在时态表示将来时,用一般过去时表示过去将来式。时间状语从句常用连词有: when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
1. 考查when, while, as引导,表示“当……时候”.
[考例]一Mum,____shall we have lunch?
--We will have it when your dad__________. [07连云港市]
A when;returns B where returns C.where;will return D.when;will return
[答案]A.[解析] 答语中when引导了一个时间状语从句,主句用了一般将来时态,所以从句用一般现在时态,可见正确答案在A与B之中。既然答语用了时间状语来回答,可见问句询问的也一定是时间,从而确定正确答案为A。
41. I'm reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. (河南)(合并为一个
含有定语从句的复合句)
40. Will they have a sports meeting? Do you know? (合并为一句)
Do you know__________ they__________ have a sports meeting? (新疆)
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