The first Starbucks coffee shop opened in 1971 in downtown Seattle, Washington, in the United States. It was a small coffee shop that roasted its own coffee beans. The coffee shop’s business did well, and by 1981 there were three more Starbucks stores in Seattle.

    Things really began to change for the company in 1981. That year, Howard Schultz met the three men who ran(经营) Starbucks. Schultz worked in New York for a company that made kitchen equipment. He noticed that Starbucks ordered a large number of special coffee makers, and he was curious about the company. Schultz went to Seattle to see what Starbucks did, and he liked what he saw. He wanted to become part of the company. In 1982, the original(原先的) Starbucks owners hired Schultz as the company’s head of marketing.

    In 1983, Schultz travelled to Italy. The unique atmosphere of the coffee bars there caught his eye. To Schultz it seemed that Italians spent their daily lives in three places: home, work and coffee bars. His experience in Italy gave Schultz a new idea for Starbucks back in Seattle.

    Schultz created an atmosphere for Starbucks coffee shops that was comfortable, and customers everywhere seemed to like it. Between 1987 and 1992, Starbucks opened 150 new stores—and that was only the beginning. In fact, by the year 2000, three new Starbucks stores opened somewhere around the world every day!

Today, Starbucks has thousands of stores, including stores in twenty-six countries. One thing that helps make Starbucks succeed in cities outside the United States is the way Starbucks works with local stores and restaurants. By working together with a store already in the city, Starbucks gets an understanding of customers in the city. This understanding helps Starbucks open stores in the right locations for their customers.

11．What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A．How Starbucks has grown     

B．What Starbucks makes．

　　C．Starbucks’customers．       

D．How Starbucks makes its coffee．

12．Which is true about Starbucks’first ten years of business?

　　A．It grew very quickly．       

B．It was run by Howard Schultz．

　　C．It made special coffee makers．  

D．It was a small company．

13．Who is Howard Schultz?

　　A．A coffee seller in New York．

　　B．An Italian coffee maker

　　C．The man who changed the company．

　　D．One of the original owners of the company．

14. How many new Starbucks stores probably opened in the year 2000 around the world?

　A.Three.   B.About1095.   C.Two thousand.  D. Thirty-six.

15．What helps Starbucks succeed in places outside the United States?

　　A．Opening restaurants in just a few locations each year．

　　B．Only selling locally produced coffee beans．

　　C．working with other major coffee-making companies．

　　D．Learning about local customers．

The bicycle is one of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world. What is most surprising is that it was not ___1__ earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo Da Vinci had drawn pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things. Those things were not produced___2___ long after he died.

　　A person riding a bicycle uses ___3___ energy to make the bicycle move, and there is no pollution at all when you are riding. Even so, in developed ____4___, most people don’t travel to work by bicycle. It is not because the bicycles are expensive or people feel___5____ if they ride to work. It’s because __6___ cars on the roads becomes larger. It certainly becomes ___7___ to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put their bicycles away and go to work ___8___ their cars cars, and in this way, the situation is made more serious.___9___ the best way to make riding safer and more popular is to create paths (开设通道) only for bicycles, and to make ___10___ so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to use their bicycles.

The Internet, mobile phones and Ipads are part of our lives now. Technology is greatly affecting all ways of our lives, from the ways we work to the ways we play. And it even causes a number of social problems such as cloning humans.
　　We have had lots of technology and it has changed our lives a lot. There is no doubt that humans will continue to use more and more technology. Here are some examples of modern technology that will change our ideas and will affect our lives greatly.
　　Global positioning system (GPS) (全球定位系统)
　　It’s a system that uses radio signals from satellites to show exact(精确地) information. It tells you where the user is on the earth in all weather conditions. It’s made up of three parts: satellites, control equipments (设备) on land and receivers.
　　Space Technology
　　Russian and American scientists have worked together for the international Space Station (ISS) for a long time. They hope the ISS will provide a long-lasting lab. Such a lab will bring humans limitless(无限的) advantages. It’s even hoped that one day space technology will take humans to their new houses in space.
Underwater Robot
Hercules is a kind of underwater robot with some high technology equipments. It will be used to search for ancient ships which were destroyed into the deep sea during their journey long ago.
The world is changing so quickly that it’s hard for us to catch up with all the new inventions because they seem to come out every month. It’s important for us to learn about new technology and the role that it plays in our lives. So we should be willing to accept modern technology, or we will fall behind the times.
【小题1】______ can tell you where the user is on the earth exactly.

What do people do with their old, out-of-date but still useful computers? Most people don’t know what to do with them. Many old computers are put away in homes. Many more are simply thrown out with the rubbish.　　
Some companies are thinking of ways to bring down the number of old computers. Sony has agreed to help recycle old Sony products. Dell, Hewlett-Packard and other companies now also take back some old computers.　　
In some countries, laws are being passed, too. Computer companies will have to collect and recycle their used products. And 70% of computer waste must be recycled. The idea behind the laws is that computer companies themselves should pay the cost. That will encourage them to make computers that are easier and cheaper to repair and upgrade（升级）.　　
Yet while many people are throwing away good computers, others cannot afford them at all. Hundreds of organizations are working to solve this problem. They collect and repair old computers. Some also teach others how to repair computers.　　
The computers then go to schools, charities and people who need them. Giving a used computer to one of these organizations can turn one person’s rubbish into someone else’s useful things—and cut down on waste, too.　　

1. 1.

   How do people usually deal with their old computers?　　

   1. A.
      They stop using them
   2. B.
      They give them to others
   3. C.
      They fix them up.　　
2. 2.

   What do some computer companies do to bring down the number of old computers?　　

   1. A.
      They don’t do anything about them.　　
   2. B.
      They take back some old ones.       　　
   3. C.
      They donate them to some charities.　　
3. 3.

   According to some countries’ laws, what must computer companies do?　　

   1. A.
      Collect and recycle most of computer waste. 　　
   2. B.
      Repair and upgrade old computers.      　　
   3. C.
      Make much cheaper computers.　　
4. 4.

   What may people who can’t afford computers think of the used computers?　　

   1. A.
      Expensive
   2. B.
      Useful
   3. C.
      Out-of -date.　　
5. 5.

   What is the passage about?　　

   1. A.
      Repairing old computers.　　
   2. B.
      Selling old computers.              　　
   3. C.
      Recycling old computers. 　

　The word“day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year,  we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night,  we are using“day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball,  the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o’clock in the morning and sets at 6 o’clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
【小题1】When the Western Hemisphere is having day,  the Eastern Hemisphere is having ________.