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A language never stands still. It is always changing and developing. These changes are rapid in primitive societies, but slow in advanced ones, because the invention

and printing and the spread of education have fixed a traditional usage. The only important change that English has undergone since the first of the 16th century is a large increase in its vocabulary. It is interesting to trace the different way in which new words are invented. Let us take just two English words and see how they were made, sandwich and television.

Sandwich, which is now no longer are entirely English words, but also international, comes from the Earl of Sandwich (died in 1792) who invented the particular form of quick meal so that he could go on gambling all through the night without stopping for dinner. Many names of things are in fact taken from the name of the first inventors, for example, the electrical terms Watt and Volt.

Television is one of many new scientific words which re invented from old Greek and Latin word. “Tele” is Greek, meaning “far”, while “vision” comes from the Latin verb, meaning “to see”.

1. “Stands” in the first sentence means___________.

A. be in a certain condition　　　　　　　　　　 B. not sit

C. remain without change　　　　　　　　 D. rise to the feet

2. What do you think Volt was? It referred to_________.

A. a player　　　　 B. a physicist　　　　 C. a writer　　 D. a nurse

3. The invention of sandwich has something to do with__________.

A. work　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. study

C. gambling　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. journey

4. English has undergone an important change in its vocabulary for almost _______centuries.

A. five　　　　 B. four　　　　 C. three　　　　 D. six

5. The language cannot develop rapidly in advanced societies because_______.

A. the societies have stopped changing

B. the printing has been invented

C. the education has spread

D. both B and C

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　　One of the first books printed in English was about hunting with hounds and with birds． The book must have been in great demand: a revised edition was printed ten years later in 1496． It added a section on angling, also a popular sport． At the time many people believed the writer was Dame Juliana Berners, the prioress of a nunnery．

　　The section on falconry described fourteen classes of birds． Each was suitable to a particular rank． The emperor with his eagle headed the list． Then came king, prince, duke, earl, baron, knight, squire, lady, young man: these were entitled to the knife-winged falcons of various breeds． The author also noted hawks "of a meaner kind．" One was named for each remaining class: yeoman, poor man, priest, and holywater clerk． From the list, it seems that almost everyone shared in this royal sport．

1．The author gives no details about the book's_______．

A．time of publication B．supposed author

C．place of printing　　D．popularity with readers

2．Besides falconry, the first edition told about_______．

A．hunting with hounds B． angling C． archery D． Both B and C

3．The classes of birds were listed according to_______．

A．their hunting abilities　　 B． their cost

C．the ranks of their owners D． the speed of their flight

4．The pair heading the list was_______．

A．king and peregrine B．emperor and eagle

C．lady and merlin　　 D．yeoman and goshawk

5．Ranks entitled to knife-winged falcons totaled_______．

A． 8　　B． 9　　 C． 10　　 D． 11

6．The best hawk "of a meaner kind" would be listed for_______．

A．a young man B． the yeoman C． the squire D． the priest

7．The name of the person last in rank indicated that________．

A．he worked, for the yeoman on a farm

B．his work was connected with the church

C．he did not belong to the priesthood D． Both B and C

8．In the book, women were_______

A．given only one listing　　 B． listed as lady and prioress

C．listed with titles suitable to their husbands' ranks D． placed last on the list

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阅读理解

　　Jacksonville, Florida, Nov．10－A 14-year-old boy was arrested today after the rotten body of an 8-year-old girl who was his neighbor was found hidden in his bedroom．She had been stabbed(用刀刺)and beaten．

　　The boy, Joshua Earl Patrick Philips, admitted and was charged with murder in the death of the girl,Maddie Clifton, who disappeared on Nov．3,Sheriff Nat Glover said．

　　Joshua, who has no criminal record, would not be eligible(够条件的)for the death punishment because of his age．Detectives recovered a knife and a baseball bat believed to be the weapons used to kill the girl, the Sheriff said．

　　The girl had been stabbed at least nine times and was struck in the head, Sheriff Glover said at a news conference．The authorities did not say whether she had been attacked sexually, or did they give motive for the attack．

　　The boy’s mother, Melissa Philips, grew suspicious after the police searched her home on Monday and detected an odor(smell), the Sheriff said．This morning she pulled aside the frame of the bed, saw a child’s feet and called an officer, he said．

　　Maddie’s body was found under a sheet of wood supporting the frame of the water bed, which was filled, Sheriff Glover said, adding,“He put her under the bed and taped her up in it．”

　　Investigators believe the third-grader was killed in the boy’s house shortly after she disappeared last Tuesday, touching off a widespread search．

　　On Friday, Maddie’s parents, Steve and Sheila Clifton, made an earnest request for her return．

　　The boy’s house, like others in the neighborhood, had been searched three times．During the third search on Monday, he mother had at first said she thought the odor came from family pets．

　　Hundreds of volunteers had distributed thousands of leaflets with Maddie’s picture since she disappeared that evening, about 30 minutes after she went out to play with friends．

　　The girl’s house is one of the well-kept, single-family homes in the older working class of Jacksonville．Yellow ribbons(丝带)still hung from the trees this morning．

(1)

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the report?
[　　]
A．	After the girl disappeared, the police searched on a large scale(范围)．
B．	Quite a lot of people handed out lots of papers to look for the girl．
C．	The police searched the boy’s house and found the girl’s body by a strange smell．
D．	The girl’s parents are still waiting for their girl to return safely on Friday morning．

(2)

We can know from the report that ________．
[　　]
A．	the girl was killed by one of her classmates
B．	the girl was attacked because she had broken away from the boy
C．	it is the second time that the boy has been charged for murder
D．	according to the law the boy will not be sentenced to death

(3)

The word“motive”probably means“________”．
[　　]
A．	reason
B．	action
C．	method
D．	information

(4)

According to the report the boy was arrested ________．
[　　]
A．	on Monday
B．	on Friday
C．	on Tuesday
D．	on Sunday

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　JACKSONVILLE, Fla, Nov．10－A 14－year－old boy was arrested today after the rotten body of an 8－year－old girl who was his neighbor was found hidden in his bedroom．She had been stabbed and beaten．

　　The boy, Joshua Earl Patrick Philips, admitted and was charged with murder in the death of the girl, Maddie Clifton, who disappeared on Nov．3, Sheriff Nat Glover said．

　　Joshua, who has no criminal record, would not be eligible(合格的)for the death punishment because of his age．Detectives discovered a knife and a baseball bat believed to be the weapons used to kill the girl, the Sheriff said．

　　The girl had been stabbed at least nine times and was struck in the head, Sheriff Glover said at a news conference．The authorities did not say whether she has been attacked sexually, nor did they give motive for the attack．

　　The boy's mother, Melissa Philips, grew suspicious after the police searched her home on Monday and detected an odor(strange smell), the Sheriff said．This morning she pulled aside the frame of the bed, saw a child's feet and called an officer, he said．

　　Maddie's body was found under a sheet of wood supporting the frame of the water bed, which was filled, Sheriff Glover said, adding, “He put her under the bed and taped her up in it．”

　　Investigators believe the third－grader was killed in the boy's house shortly after she disappeared last Tuesday, touching off a widespread search．

　　On Friday, Maddie's parents, Steve and Sheila Clifton, made an earnest request for her return．

　　The boy's house, like others in the neighborhood, had been searched three times．During the third search on Monday, the mother had at first said she thought the odor came from family pets．

　　Hundreds of volunteers had sent thousands of leaflets with Maddie's picture since she disappeared that evening, about 30 minutes after she went out to play with friends．

　　The girl's house is one of the well－kept, single－family homes in the older working－class of Jacksonville．Yellow ribbons(丝带)still hung from the trees this morning．

(1)

Which of the following statement is not fit for the report?
[　　]
A．	After the girl disappeared, the police searched on a large scale(大规模地)．
B．	Quite a lot of people handed out lots of papers to look for the girl．
C．	The girl's parents are still waiting for their girl to come home safely on Friday morning．
D．	The police searched the boy's house and found the girl's body by a strange smell．

(2)

It can be inferred(推断)from the report that ________．
[　　]
A．	the girl was killed in the boy's home
B．	the girl was stabbed many times and struck by a baseball bat
C．	it is the first time that the boy has been charged
D．	the boy won't be put into prison

(3)

The words “motive” probably means ________．
[　　]
A．	reason
B．	action
C．	motion
D．	information

(4)

The man, Sheriff Glover, may be ________．
[　　]
A．	a reporter
B．	a government official
C．	the girl's father
D．	a person in charge of the case

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A language never stands still. It is always changing and developing. These changes are rapid in primitive societies, but slow in advanced ones, because the invention

and printing and the spread of education have fixed a traditional usage. The only important change that English has undergone since the first of the 16th century is a large increase in its vocabulary. It is interesting to trace the different way in which new words are invented. Let us take just two English words and see how they were made, sandwich and television.

Sandwich, which is now no longer are entirely English words, but also international, comes from the Earl of Sandwich (died in 1792) who invented the particular form of quick meal so that he could go on gambling all through the night without stopping for dinner. Many names of things are in fact taken from the name of the first inventors, for example, the electrical terms Watt and Volt.

Television is one of many new scientific words which re invented from old Greek and Latin word. “Tele” is Greek, meaning “far”, while “vision” comes from the Latin verb, meaning “to see”.

1. “Stands” in the first sentence means___________.

A. be in a certain condition　　　　　　　　　　 B. not sit

C. remain without change　　　　　　　　 D. rise to the feet

2. What do you think Volt was? It referred to_________.

A. a player　　　　 B. a physicist　　　　 C. a writer　　 D. a nurse

3. The invention of sandwich has something to do with__________.

A. work　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. study

C. gambling　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. journey

4. English has undergone an important change in its vocabulary for almost _______centuries.

A. five　　　　 B. four　　　　 C. three　　　　 D. six

5. The language cannot develop rapidly in advanced societies because_______.

A. the societies have stopped changing

B. the printing has been invented

C. the education has spread

D. both B and C

查看答案和解析>>

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