Question

【题目】【2016江苏常州】阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Every living thing on Earth is either a plant or an animal, right? Wrong! Many organisms（有机体）in our world are neither. Some of them float through the air, and some lie hidden in the ground. They do not need sunlight to survive, and if the weather becomes too cold, they can become inactive until conditions improve.

What are these? They are called fungi(菌类), and you see them almost every day. Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting, such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refrigerator. But other kinds are not so bad. For example, the yeast that is used to make bread and mushrooms (蘑菇) are both fungi.

What makes fungi different from plants and animals? An animal can move around by itself. Fungi get around too, but they don't have feet, wings, or tails. They have to wait for wind or some other outside force to move them. Plants are different from fungi because they have chlorophyll（叶绿素）. It helps them make food from the energy in sunlight. Fungi do not have chlorophyll.

Some fungi are bad, while others are not. Some fungi cause diseases, such as athlete’s foot, which makes feet uncomfortable. Other kinds of fungi can be used to make medicines, which have saved many lives.

Fungi clean up more than wounds, though. They are the world’s first recyclers. Without fungi, our world would be a mess. Since fungi cannot make their own food as plants do, they must get their food elsewhere. Many fungi get their food from dead plants. They break them down and turn them into soil. The fungi get a meal, and the world gets a housecleaning.

【1】What does the underlined word “disgusting”most probably mean?

A. strong B. unpleasant C. active D. small

【2】According to the passage, ______.

A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves

B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions

C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight.

D. some fungi are useful to humans and the environment

【3】Where can you most probably find this passage?

A. In a social report. B. In a biology book.

C. In a geography magazine. D. In a farming book.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

试题分析：本文是对菌类的介绍：它是一种既不是动物也不是植物的有机体。短文简介了其种类及与动植物的不同之处等等。

【1】B词义猜测题。题意：有下划线的“disgusting”最有可能是什么意思？A. strong强壮的；B. unpleasant令人不愉快的；C. active活跃的，积极的；D. small小的。句意：Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting, such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refrigerator.许多种类的细菌似乎disgusting,比如说出现在冰箱里长期放置的食物上的黑色、绿色的东西。可知，当看到这类菌会产生反感，不舒服。故选B。

【2】D推理判断题。题意：根据短文内容，可以推测出什么？A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves细菌可以自己到处移动；B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions细菌不能在寒冷的条件下幸存下来；C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight.一些细菌可以用太阳的能量做食物；D. some fungi are useful to humans and the environment一些细菌对人和环境有用。根据短文最后两段可知，一些细菌不坏，对人类有用。故选D。

【3】B推理判断题。题意：你最有可能在哪儿找到本文？A. In a social report.在一个社会报道里；B. In a biology book.在生物书上；C. In a geography magazine在地理杂志上； D. In a farming book.在一本农事的书上。本文是有关细菌的生物知识，因此可能是在生物书上看到。故选B。