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面对低效照明电光源存在浪费能源和污染环境的严峻形势,中国1996年启动绿色照明工程。实施之初照明节电产品存在技术水平低、产品质量不稳定等问题。通过多年不懈努力,高效照明产品的普及应用,推动了全社会照明节电意识的普遍提高。2011年11月1日中国发布淘汰白炽灯路线图,决定从2012年10月1日起,按功率大小分五个阶段逐步禁止进口和销售普通照明白炽灯。采用高效照明产品替代白炽灯,将有利于积极应对全球气候变化,实现“十二五”节能减排目标。
(1)运用唯物辩证法发展观分析上述材料。(10分)
(2)请运用社会存在与社会意识辩证关系原理说明我国启动绿色照明工程、逐步淘汰白炽灯的必要性。(6分)
(1)①(事物的发展是前进性和曲折性的统一。)中国绿色照明工程实施之初照明节电产品存在技术水平低、产品质量不稳定等问题和困难,说明了事物发展的曲折性。通过多年不懈努力,节能灯的市场占有率大大提高,推动了高效照明产品的普及应用和全社会照明节电意识的普遍提高,体现了事物发展的前途是光明的。这就要求我们既要看到事物发展的前途是光明的,要对前途充满信心,支持、保护新事物的成长;又要做好充分的思想准备,勇敢地接受各种困难和挫折。(5分)
②(事物的发展是量变与质变的统一,)量变是质变的必要准备,质变是量变的必然结果。这就要求我们既要做好量的积累,又要果断抓住时机,促成质变,实现事物的飞跃和发展。从2012年10月1日起,按功率大小分五个阶段逐步禁止进口和销售普通照明白炽灯,体现质变和量变的辩证统一。(5分)
③事物是变化发展的,发展的实质是新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡,必须用发展的观点看问题。采用高效照明产品替代白炽灯,就是用发展的观点看问题,积极应对全球气候变化。(5分)注意:三点只要答其中两点即可。
(2)①社会存在决定社会意识,社会意识是社会存在的反映。面对低效照明电光源存在浪费能源和污染环境的严峻形势,要求我国启动绿色照明工程,节能减排。
②社会意识对社会存在具有能动的反作用。正确的社会意识对社会存在具有促进作用。绿色照明工程属于正确的社会意识,有利于积极应对全球气候变化,实现“十二五”节能减排目标。(4分)解析:
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